[root@cloud /]# passwd 更改用户 root 的密码 。 新的 密码： 重新输入新的 密码： passwd： 所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。 [root@cloud /]# fdisk Usage: fdisk [options] <disk> change partition table fdisk [options] -l <disk> list partition table(s) fdisk -s <partition> give partition size(s) in blocks Options: -b <size> sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096) -c switch off DOS-compatible mode -h print help -u <size> give sizes in sectors instead of cylinders -v print version -C <number> specify the number of cylinders -H <number> specify the number of heads -S <number> specify the number of sectors per track [root@cloud /]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00073ffb Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root: 8095 MB, 8095006720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 984 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap: 2113 MB, 2113929216 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 257 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@cloud /]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root 7.5G 3.5G 3.7G 49% / tmpfs 503M 72K 503M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot [root@cloud /]# fdisk /dev/sdb Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x6f476ca3. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) 1 Invalid partition number for type `1' Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-6527, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-6527, default 6527): Using default value 6527 Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@cloud /]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00073ffb Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x6f476ca3 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 6527 52428096 83 Linux Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root: 8095 MB, 8095006720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 984 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap: 2113 MB, 2113929216 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 257 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@cloud /]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) 文件系统标签= 操作系统:Linux 块大小=4096 (log=2) 分块大小=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 3276800 inodes, 13107024 blocks 655351 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 第一个数据块=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=0 400 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424 正在写入inode表: 完成 Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 26 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [root@cloud /]# ls bin dev home lost+found media2 mnt opt root selinux sys usr boot etc lib media misc net proc sbin srv tmp var [root@cloud /]# cd home [root@cloud home]# ls [root@cloud home]# ls -a . .. [root@cloud home]# cd .. [root@cloud /]# mount /dev/sdb1 /home/ [root@cloud /]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root 7.5G 3.4G 3.7G 48% / tmpfs 503M 72K 503M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot /dev/sdb1 50G 180M 47G 1% /home [root@cloud /]# echo "/dev/sdb1 /home ext3 defaults 1 1" >> /etc/fstab [root@cloud /]# reboot Broadcast message from root@cloud (/dev/pts/0) at 21:03 ... The system is going down for reboot NOW!
首先修改密码：passwd
查看磁盘信息：df -h
磁盘分区：fdisk
格式化硬盘：mkfs
挂载：mount
使挂载重启后生效：echo "/dev/sdb1 /home ext3 defaults 1 1" >> /etc/fstab