MBR分区操作-增加、扩展、删除
GPT分区参考 http://www.blogjava.net/haha1903/archive/2011/12/21/366942.html
l fdisk
显示磁盘信息：
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
编辑磁盘sdb
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag 设置引导扇区
b edit bsd disklabel 编辑卷标
c toggle the dos compatibility flag 切换到DOS兼容标志
d delete a partition 删除一个分区
l list known partition types 列出已知分区类型
m print this menu 显示该菜单
n add a new partition 添加一个新分区
o create a new empty DOS partition table 创建一个新的空分区表
p print the partition table 显示分区表
q quit without saving changes 保存不退出
s create a new empty Sun disklabel 创建一个空的SUN标识
t change a partition's system id 修改分区类型
u change display/entry units 更改显示/输入单元
v verify the partition table 验证分区表
w write table to disk and exit 写入磁盘退出分区程序
x extra functionality (experts only) 额外的功能（专家）
列出当前磁盘分区情况：
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x099c4e74
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
增加一个分区：
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended 扩展
p primary partition (1-4) 主分区
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-26108, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-26108, default 26108):
Using default value 26108
列出分区类型：
Command (m for help): l
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1
指定分区类型：
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
保存配置：
Command (m for help): w
格式化分区：
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
l PV、VG、LV
创建PV
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
创建VG存储池
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate vg /dev/sdb1
扩展VG存储池
[root@localhost ~]# vgextend vg /dev/sdb1
创建LV逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 200G -n lv_u01 vg
把剩余空间全部创建为lv_u01
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -l 100%free -n lv_u01 vg
扩展LV逻辑卷（VG存储池有剩余空间）
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +200G /dev/mapper/vg-lv_u01
把剩余空间全部分配给lv_u01
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -l 100%free /dev/mapper/vg-lv_u01
释放新加磁盘
[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/vg-lv_u01
格式化lv_u01
[root@localhost /]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-lv_u01
挂载u01
[root@localhost ~]# cd /
[root@localhost /]# mkdir /u01
[root@localhost /]# vi /etc/fstab
添加：
/dev/mapper/vg-lv_u01 /u01 ext4 defaults 1 2
[root@localhost /]# mount -a
删除LV逻辑卷
[root@localhost u01]# fuser -k /u01
[root@localhost u01]# umount /u01
[root@localhost ~]# lvremove /dev/mapper/vg-lv_u01