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  • 系统信息&&硬件信息查看


    系统信息&&硬件信息查看

    一系统信息查看


    (一)查看系统版本信息

    [root@centos7 ~]# cat  /etc/redhat-release 
    CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) 
    [root@centos61 ~]# cat  /etc/redhat-release 
    CentOS release 6.8 (Final)

    (二)查看系统内核版本

    [root@centos7 ~]# uname 
    Linux
    [root@centos7 ~]# uname  -r
    3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
    [root@centos7 ~]# uname  -a
    Linux centos7.com 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
    [root@centos61 ~]# uname -r
    2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64
    [root@centos61 ~]# uname -a
    Linux centos61.com 2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue May 10 17:27:01 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

    二查看硬件信息

    (一)CPU

    cpu对应文件

    [root@centos61 ~]#  cat  /proc/cpuinfo 
    processor    : 0
    vendor_id    : GenuineIntel
    cpu family    : 6
    model        : 142
    model name    : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7500U CPU @ 2.70GHz
    stepping    : 9
    microcode    : 48
    cpu MHz        : 2903.998
    cache size    : 4096 KB
    physical id    : 0
    siblings    : 1
    core id        : 0
    cpu cores    : 1
    apicid        : 0
    initial apicid    : 0
    fpu        : yes
    fpu_exception    : yes
    cpuid level    : 22
    wp        : yes
    flags        : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc up arch_perfmon xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc unfair_spinlock pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch arat xsaveopt fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid rdseed adx
    bogomips    : 5807.99
    clflush size    : 64
    cache_alignment    : 64
    address sizes    : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
    power management:

    注意权限只读

    [root@centos7 ~]# ll  /proc/cpuinfo 
    -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Dec  6 15:25 /proc/cpuinfo

    cpu的重要参数——physical id

    physical id:0    表示服务器上CPU的ID号,目前是1颗CPU,ID为0

    对CPU处理

     

    计算服务器上CPU颗数


    physical id:0
    physical id:0
    physical id:1
    physical id:1

    上面显示4次合并就是2颗CPU

    [root@centos7 ~]# cat  /proc/cpuinfo | grep  phy
    physical id    : 0
    address sizes    : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
    physical id    : 0
    address sizes    : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
    physical id    : 1
    address sizes    : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
    physical id    : 1
    address sizes    : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
    [root@centos7 ~]# 

    快速统计CPU的颗数

    [root@centos7 ~]# grep "physical id"  /proc/cpuinfo |  uniq | wc -l
    2

    查看每颗CPU核心数

    cpu cores:2

    [root@centos7 ~]# cat  /proc/cpuinfo | grep  "cpu cores"
    cpu cores    : 2
    cpu cores    : 2
    cpu cores    : 2
    cpu cores    : 2

    每颗CPU核心数法2

    [root@centos7 ~]# lscpu  |  grep  "socket"
    Core(s) per socket:    2

    服务器CPU总的核心数

    [root@centos7 ~]# cat  /proc/cpuinfo | grep  "processor"
    processor    : 0
    processor    : 1
    processor    : 2
    processor    : 3

    服务器CPU总的核心数法2

    [root@centos7 ~]# lscpu  |  grep  "CPU(s)"
    CPU(s):                4
    On-line CPU(s) list:   0-3
    NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0-3

    注意/proc目录中的信息不让改动,目录中的所有数据都存储在内存里面,即使可以修改也不能永久保存。

    包含数据内存存储信息、系统信息、内核信息、服务进程信息。

    (二)内存

    MemTotal:         995924 kB    服务器总的内存容量
    MemFree:          772912 kB    服务器内存空闲容量,可能被其他占用了
    MemAvailable:     746652 kB    服务器可用内容容量,只要关注这个
    Buffers:            2076 kB    缓冲(加快写入数据)
    Cached: 78476 kB 缓存(加快读取数据)
    [root@centos7 ~]# cat /proc/meminfo 
    MemTotal:         995924 kB    服务器总的内存容量
    MemFree:          772912 kB    服务器内存空闲容量,可能被其他占用了
    MemAvailable:     746652 kB    服务器可用内容容量,只要关注这个
    Buffers:            2076 kB
    Cached:            78476 kB
    SwapCached:            0 kB
    Active:            64164 kB
    Inactive:          62348 kB
    Active(anon):      46372 kB
    Inactive(anon):     7380 kB
    Active(file):      17792 kB
    Inactive(file):    54968 kB
    Unevictable:           0 kB
    Mlocked:               0 kB
    SwapTotal:       1572860 kB
    SwapFree:        1572860 kB
    Dirty:                 0 kB
    Writeback:             0 kB
    AnonPages:         46036 kB
    Mapped:            23720 kB
    Shmem:              7792 kB
    Slab:              44956 kB
    SReclaimable:      17504 kB
    SUnreclaim:        27452 kB
    KernelStack:        4144 kB
    PageTables:         4408 kB
    NFS_Unstable:          0 kB
    Bounce:                0 kB
    WritebackTmp:          0 kB
    CommitLimit:     2070820 kB
    Committed_AS:     225284 kB
    VmallocTotal:   34359738367 kB
    VmallocUsed:      178292 kB
    VmallocChunk:   34359310332 kB
    HardwareCorrupted:     0 kB
    AnonHugePages:      8192 kB
    CmaTotal:              0 kB
    CmaFree:               0 kB
    HugePages_Total:       0
    HugePages_Free:        0
    HugePages_Rsvd:        0
    HugePages_Surp:        0
    Hugepagesize:       2048 kB
    DirectMap4k:       73600 kB
    DirectMap2M:      974848 kB
    DirectMap1G:           0 kB

    (三)磁盘


    查看挂载信息:/proc/mounts

    [root@centos7 ~]# tail -n2   /proc/mounts 
    /dev/sda1 /boot xfs rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota 0 0
    tmpfs /run/user/0 tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=99596k,mode=700 0 0

    注意不能达到100%,如果日志文件无法写入那么服务就会出现问题

    [root@centos7 ~]# df -h
    Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/sda3        40G  1.8G   39G   5% /
    devtmpfs        476M     0  476M   0% /dev
    tmpfs           487M     0  487M   0% /dev/shm
    tmpfs           487M  7.7M  479M   2% /run
    tmpfs           487M     0  487M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    /dev/sda1       197M  105M   93M  54% /boot
    tmpfs            98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0

    模拟占用内存

    在企业里面内存不够用就要找领导添加内存了,下面就是证据

    [root@centos7 ~]# free  -h
                  total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
    Mem:           972M         95M        754M        7.6M        122M        729M
    Swap:          1.5G          0B        1.5G
    [root@centos7 ~]# dd  if=/dev/zero  of=/dev/null  bs=1G  count=1
    1+0 records in
    1+0 records out
    1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 7.93657 s, 135 MB/s
    [root@centos7 ~]# free  -h
                  total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
    Mem:           972M         54M        856M        1.3M         61M        803M
    Swap:          1.5G         49M        1.5G

    (四)系统负载情况

    CPU压力=系統负载

    CPU负载文件

    [root@centos7 ~]# cat  /proc/loadavg 
    0.08 0.05 0.05 1/131 6942

    0.08 0.05 0.05

    1分钟平均负载  5分钟平均负载     15分钟平均负载

    负载数值 <= 总的CPU核心,服务器的核数有很多,比如有128核

    因为xshell显示页面太小了

    [root@centos7 ~]# w
    w: 34 column window is too narrow
    [root@centos7 ~]# w
    w: 34 column window is too narrow
    [root@centos7 ~]# w
    w: 34 column window is too narrow

    命令行查看系统负载情况

    最简单的命令

    [root@centos7 ~]# w
     12:23:06 up 45 min,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
    USER     TTY      FROM             LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
    root     pts/0    10.0.0.1         11:37    5:22   0.19s  0.19s -bash
    root     pts/1    10.0.0.1         11:37    2.00s  0.02s  0.00s w
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wang618/p/11996634.html
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