分支判断、循环

if

>>> x = int(input("Please enter an integer: "))
Please enter an integer: 42
>>> if x < 0:
...      x = 0
...      print('Negative changed to zero')
... elif x == 0:
...      print('Zero')
... elif x == 1:
...      print('Single')
... else:
...      print('More')
...
More

for，python里for只用来遍历集合，不能做索引循环

>>> # Measure some strings:
... words = ['cat', 'window', 'defenestrate']
>>> for w in words:
...     print(w, len(w))
...
cat 3
window 6
defenestrate 12

range(),python里的数字for循环，python里for只用来遍历集合，不能做索引循环

>>> for i in range(5):
...     print(i)
...
0
1
2
3
4

range(起始,结束,间隔)

range(5, 10)
   5 through 9

range(0, 10, 3)
   0, 3, 6, 9

range(-10, -100, -30)
  -10, -40, -70

pathon里的索引遍历集合

>>> a = ['Mary', 'had', 'a', 'little', 'lamb']
>>> for i in range(len(a)):
...     print(i, a[i])
...
0 Mary
1 had
2 a
3 little
4 lamb

 break、continue

>>> for n in range(2, 10):
...     for x in range(2, n):
...         if n % x == 0:
...             print(n, 'equals', x, '*', n//x)
...             break
...     else:
...         # loop fell through without finding a factor
...         print(n, 'is a prime number')
...
2 is a prime number
3 is a prime number
4 equals 2 * 2
5 is a prime number
6 equals 2 * 3
7 is a prime number
8 equals 2 * 4
9 equals 3 * 3

>>> for num in range(2, 10):
...     if num % 2 == 0:
...         print("Found an even number", num)
...         continue
...     print("Found a number", num)
Found an even number 2
Found a number 3
Found an even number 4
Found a number 5
Found an even number 6
Found a number 7
Found an even number 8
Found a number 9

pass为空语句，用来站位，添在语法必须有语句有不想写语句的地方

>>> while True:
...     pass  # Busy-wait for keyboard interrupt (Ctrl+C)
...
>>> class MyEmptyClass:
...     pass
...
>>> def initlog(*args):
...     pass   # Remember to implement this!
...