在开发过程中，大家都遇到过bug，并且有些bug是需要紧急修复的。
当开发人员遇到这样的问题时，首先想到的是我新切一个分支，把它修复了，再合并到master上。
当时问题来了，你当前正在开发的分支上面，还有未提交的代码，你又不想把代码提交了，怎么办呢？
git提供了stash功能，把当前工作目录现场给存储起来，等修复完bug,再切回来。
比如，我当前在dev分支上，我修改了hello.py文件
wangkongming@Vostro ~/babytree/github/test_git $ git st
On branch dev
Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
modified: hello.py
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
执行git stash命令后，再查看分支状态
wangkongming@Vostro ~/babytree/github/test_git $ git stash
Saved working directory and index state WIP on dev: a9c8783 *modify dev 1
HEAD is now at a9c8783 *modify dev 1
wangkongming@Vostro ~/babytree/github/test_git $ git st
On branch dev
nothing to commit, working directory clean
从master上新切分支hot_fix来处理bug
wangkongming@Vostro ~/babytree/github/test_git $ git co master
Switched to branch 'master'
Your branch is up-to-date with 'origin/master'.
wangkongming@Vostro ~/babytree/github/test_git $ git co -b hot_fix
Switched to a new branch 'hot_fix'
修改了test/readme.txt文件
wangkongming@Vostro ~/babytree/github/test_git $ git st
On branch hot_fix
Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
modified: test/readme.txt
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
添加到版本库，提交
wangkongming@Vostro ~/babytree/github/test_git $ git add .
wangkongming@Vostro ~/babytree/github/test_git $ git ci -m 'fix bug'
[hot_fix 7b3948b] fix bug
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
切回master,合并hot_fix分支
wangkongming@Vostro ~/babytree/github/test_git $ git co master
Already on 'master'
Your branch is up-to-date with 'origin/master'.
wangkongming@Vostro ~/babytree/github/test_git $ git merge hot_fix
Updating 1ebc483..7b3948b
Fast-forward
test/readme.txt | 1 +
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
ok，到此，这个紧急的bug，已经合并到master分支上。现在可以回到dev分支上继续开发了。
用stash list来查看已经存储的工作现场。
wangkongming@Vostro ~/babytree/github/test_git $ git stash list
stash@{0}: WIP on dev: a9c8783 *modify dev 1
如何恢复工作现场呢？
- 第一种方案，用
git stash apply恢复，但是恢复后，stash内容不删除，需要用git stash drop来删除 - 第二种方案，用
git stash pop,恢复的同时把stash内容也删除了。
wangkongming@Vostro ~/babytree/github/test_git $ git stash pop
On branch dev
Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
modified: hello.py
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
Dropped refs/stash@{0} (d658ee3001b54567337fe7fe522e6fd813fd73ae)
总结###
修复bug时，通过新建分支，去修复bug,然后合并分支，删除分支。
当前工作没有完成，先把现场git stash存储一下，去修复bug，修复完后，在git stash pop，回到工作现场。
参考文章：Bug分支