zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • python+Nginx+uWSGI使用说明

    安装环境

    Remote: CentOS 7.4 x64 (django.example.com)

    Python: Python3.6.5

    Django: Django 2.0.4

    nWSGI:  uwsgi-2.0.15

    Nginx:  nginx- 1.10.2-1.el6

    一. 系统环境配置

    1.关闭iptables和selinux

    # su - root

    # service iptables stop

    # setenforce 0

    # vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux

    修改

    SELINUX=disabled

    2.添加本地host DNS

    # vi /etc/hosts

    127.0.0.1    django.example.com

    二. Python配置

    1.安装python3.6.5源及依赖包

    # yum install epel-release -y

    # yum groupinstall "Development tools" -y

    # yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel zx-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel -y

    2.编译安装python3.6.5以及pip package manager

    # wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tar.xz --no-check-certificate

    # tar xf Python-3.6.5.tar.xz

    # cd Python-3.6.5

    # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-ensurepip=install --enable-shared LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath /usr/local/lib"

    # make && make altinstall

    3.安装virtualenv

    # pip3.6 install --upgrade pip

    # pip3.6 install virtualenv

    三. Nginx配置

    1. 安装nginx package

    # yum install nginx -y

    2.配置nginx with nWSGI

    # vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/django.conf

     
    server {
        listen  80;
        server_name  django.example.com;  
    
        charset utf-8;
    
        access_log  /var/log/nginx/django_access.log;
        error_log   /var/log/nginx/django_error.log;
        
        location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
    
        location /static/ {
            root /usr/share/nginx/html/django.example.com;
        }
    
        client_max_body_size 20M;
        
        location / {
            include         uwsgi_params;
            uwsgi_pass      unix:/etc/uwsgi/uwsgi-django.sock;
            uwsgi_read_timeout 30s;
            uwsgi_send_timeout 30s;
        }
    
    }

    四. Django+uWSGI配置

    1. uWSGI配置

    # mkdir -p /etc/uwsgi

    # vi /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi-django.ini

    [uwsgi]
    project = django.example.com
    base = /data/www
    
    chdir = %(base)/%(project)
    home = %(base)/%(project)/.py3env
    module = myproject.wsgi:application
    
    pidfile = /tmp/uwsgi-master-django.pid
    
    master = true
    processes = 2
    enable-threads = true
    
    # use unix socket because it is more secure and faster than TCP socket
    socket = /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi-django.sock
    chmod-socket = 660
    uid = nginx
    gid = nginx
    
    vacuum = true
    die-on-term = true
    
    logto = /var/log/nginx/uwsgi-django.log

    socket : 地址和端口号,例如:socket = 127.0.0.1:50000

    processes : 开启的进程数量

    workers : 开启的进程数量,等同于processes(官网的说法是spawn the specified number of  workers / processes)

    chdir : 指定运行目录(chdir to specified directory before apps loading)

    wsgi-file : 载入wsgi-file(load .wsgi file)

    stats : 在指定的地址上,开启状态服务(enable the stats server on the specified address)

    threads : 运行线程。由于GIL的存在,我觉得这个真心没啥用。(run each worker in prethreaded mode with the specified number of threads)

    master : 允许主进程存在(enable master process)

    daemonize : 使进程在后台运行,并将日志打到指定的日志文件或者udp服务器(daemonize uWSGI)。实际上最常用的,还是把运行记录输出到一个本地文件上。

    log-maxsize :以固定的文件大小(单位KB),切割日志文件。 例如:log-maxsize = 50000000  就是50M一个日志文件。 

    pidfile : 指定pid文件的位置,记录主进程的pid号。

    vacuum : 当服务器退出的时候自动清理环境,删除unix socket文件和pid文件(try to remove all of the generated file/sockets)

    disable-logging : 不记录请求信息的日志。只记录错误以及uWSGI内部消息到日志中。如果不开启这项,那么你的日志中会大量出现这种记录:

    [pid: 347|app: 0|req: 106/367] 117.116.122.172 () {52 vars in 961 bytes} [Thu Jul  7 19:20:56 2016] POST /post => generated 65 bytes in 6 msecs (HTTP/1.1 200) 2 headers in 88 bytes (1 switches on core 0)

    log-maxsize: 日志大小,当大于这个大小会进行切分 (Byte)

    log-truncate: 当启动时切分日志

    2. 配置Django base folder

    # cd /usr/share/nginx/html

    # mkdir django.example.com

    # cd django.example.com

    # virtualenv -p /usr/local/bin/python3 .py3env

    3. 开启virtualenv python3环境

    # source .py3env/bin/activate

    4. 在此环境安装Django相关模块

    # pip install django uwsgi PyMySQL

    5. 创建uWSGI启动脚本

    # mkdir -p /etc/uwsgi/bin

    # vi /etc/systemd/system/uwsgi-django.service

    [Unit]
        Description=uWSGI instance to serve myproject
    
    [Service]
        BASE=/data/www/django.example.com
        ENV=$BASE/.py3env
        ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/bash -c 'chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/uwsgi'
        ExecStart=/usr/bin/bash -c 'source /usr/share/nginx/html/django.example.com/.py3env/bin/activate; uwsgi --ini /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi-django.ini'
    
    [Install]
        WantedBy=multi-user.target

    五. Django项目配置

    1. 保证virtualenv python3环境开启

    # cd /usr/share/nginx/html/django.example.com/

    # source .py3env/bin/activate

    2.创建一个Django项目

    # django-admin startproject myproject .

    3.添加static目录

    # vi myproject/settings.py

    末行添加:

    STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")

    4.创建本地SQLlite文件

    Tip:这里使用SQLlite代替其他数据库作为我们项目的DB

    # ./manage.py makemigrations
    # ./manage.py migrate

    5.创建项目管理员账户

    # ./manage.py createsuperuser

    6.生成项目静态文件目录

    # ./manage.py collectstatic

    7.修改wsgi入口文件

    # vi myproject/wsgi.py

    import os
    import sys
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "myproject.settings")
    sys.path.append('/usr/share/nginx/html/django.example.com')
    
    from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
    
    application = get_wsgi_application()

    8.添加ALLOWED_HOSTS

    # vi myproject/settings.py

    ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['django.example.com']

    9. 修改权限(可执行并保持与nginx启动user一致)

    # chmod -R 755 /etc/uwsgi

    # chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/uwsgi

    # chmod -R 755 /usr/share/nginx/html/django.example.com

    # chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/share/nginx/html/django.example.com

    10.启动nginx+uwsgi

    # systemctl restart nginx

    # systemctl restart uwsgi-django

    ps.欠flask,多实例,优化,动静分离

  • 相关阅读:
    Redux其实很简单(原理篇)
    基于Docker的UI自动化初探
    视觉设计师的进化
    浅谈容器监控和网易云计算基础服务实践
    微服务实践沙龙-上海站
    知物由学 | 见招拆招,Android应用破解及防护秘籍
    6本互联网技术畅销书免费送(数据分析、深度学习、编程语言)!
    Lily-一个埋点管理工具
    ArcGIS 10 许可配置
    How to Programmatically Add/Delete Custom Options in Magento?
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wangshuyang/p/8931260.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看