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  • Ansible 运维自动化 ( 配置管理工具 )


    简介:

    当下有许多的运维自动化工具( 配置管理 ),例如:Ansible、SaltStack、Puppet、Fabric 等。

    Ansible 一种集成 IT 系统的配置管理、应用部署、执行特定任务的开源平台,是 AnsibleWorks 公司名下的项目,该公司由 Cobbler 及 Func 的作者于 2012 年创建成立。

    Ansible 基于 Python 语言实现,由 Paramiko 和 PyYAML 两个关键模块构建。

    Ansible 特点:

    >> 部署简单,只需在主控端部署 Ansible 环境,被控端无需做任何操作。
    >> 默认使用 SSH(Secure Shell)协议对设备进行管理。
    >> 主从集中化管理。
    >> 配置简单、功能强大、扩展性强。
    >> 支持 API 及自定义模块,可通过 Python 轻松扩展。
    >> 通过 Playbooks 来定制强大的配置、状态管理。
    >> 对云计算平台、大数据都有很好的支持。
    >> 提供一个功能强大、操作性强的 Web 管理界面和 REST API 接口 ---- AWX 平台。

    Ansible 与 SaltStack

    >> 最大的区别是 Ansible 无需在被监控主机部署任何客户端代理,默认通过 SSH 通道进行远程命令执行或下发配置。
    >> 相同点是都具备功能强大、灵活的系统管理、状态配置,都使用 YAML 格式来描述配置,两者都提供丰富的模板及 API,对云计算平台、大数据都有很好的支持。

    一、安装 Ansible

    shell > yum -y install ansible

    二、配置 Ansible

    shell > ls /etc/ansible   # ansible.cfg 是 Ansible 工具的配置文件;hosts 用来配置被管理的机器;roles 是一个目录,playbook 将使用它
    ansible.cfg hosts roles

    1、Ansible 管理机与被管理机做秘钥认证

    shell > ssh-keygen        # 生成秘钥
    Generating public/private rsa key pair.
    Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
    Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
    Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
    Enter same passphrase again: 
    Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
    Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
    The key fingerprint is:
    ea:11:72:ea:d2:d1:fa:1c:e0:df:4f:b0:98:31:be:fe root@localhost.localdomain
    The key's randomart image is:
    +--[ RSA 2048]----+
    | |
    | |
    | |
    | |
    | o.= S |
    | ..*.B o |
    | .ooB . . |
    | ..o+ = . |
    | ..oB.E.. |
    +-----------------+
    
    shell > ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub "-p 22 root@192.168.12.129"     # 将公钥写入被管理机
    The authenticity of host '192.168.12.129 (192.168.12.129)' can't be established.
    RSA key fingerprint is f0:9e:01:73:a4:bf:14:10:ac:46:a9:48:cd:c5:d8:1c.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    Warning: Permanently added '192.168.12.129' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
    root@192.168.12.129's password: 
    Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh '-p 22 root@192.168.12.129'", and check in:
    
    .ssh/authorized_keys
    
    to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.

    2、hosts 文件添加被管理机

    shell > > /etc/ansible/hosts
    shell > vim /etc/ansible/hosts
    
    [Client]
    
    192.168.12.129

    三、测试 Ansible

    shell > ansible Client -m ping     # 操作 Client 组 ( all 为操作 hosts 文件中所有主机 ),-m 指定执行 ping 模块,下面是返回结果
    192.168.12.129 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": false, 
    "ping": "pong"
    }

    # -i          指定 hosts 文件位置
    # -u username 指定 SSH 连接的用户名
    # -k          指定远程用户密码
    # -f          指定并发数
    # -s          如需要 root 权限执行时使用 ( 连接用户不是 root 时 )
    # -K          -s 时,-K 输入 root 密码

    四、附加

    1、/etc/ansible/hosts 文件

    ## Ansible 定义主机、组规则的配置文件

    shell > vim /etc/ansible/hosts
    
    www.abc.com     # 定义域名
    
    192.168.1.100   # 定义 IP
    
    192.168.1.150:37268   # 指定端口号
    
    [WebServer]           # 定义分组
    
    192.168.1.10
    192.168.1.20
    192.168.1.30
    
    [DBServer]            # 定义多个分组
    
    192.168.1.50
    192.168.1.60
    
    Monitor ansible_ssh_port=12378 ansible_ssh_host=192.168.1.200   # 定义别名
    
    # ansible_ssh_host 连接目标主机的地址
    
    # ansible_ssh_port 连接目标主机的端口,默认 22 时无需指定
    
    # ansible_ssh_user 连接目标主机默认用户
    
    # ansible_ssh_pass 连接目标主机默认用户密码
    
    # ansible_ssh_connection 目标主机连接类型,可以是 local 、ssh 或 paramiko
    
    # ansible_ssh_private_key_file 连接目标主机的 ssh 私钥
    
    # ansible_*_interpreter 指定采用非 Python 的其他脚本语言,如 Ruby 、Perl 或其他类似 ansible_python_interpreter 解释器
    
    [webservers]         # 主机名支持正则描述
    
    www[01:50].example.com
    
    [dbservers]
    
    db-[a:f].example.com

    2、Ansible 常用模块学习

    shell > ansible-doc -l    # 列出 Ansible 支持的模块
    
    shell > ansible-doc ping  # 查看该模块帮助信息

    >> 远程命令模块( command / script / shell )

    command 作为 Ansible 的默认模块,可以运行远程权限范围所有的 shell 命令,不支持管道符。

    例:

    shell > ansible Client -m command -a "free -m"               # 查看 Client 分组主机内存使用情况

    script 的功能是在远程主机执行主控端存储的 shell 脚本文件,相当于 scp + shell 组合。

    例:

    shell > ansible Client -m script -a "/home/test.sh 12 34"    # 远程执行本地脚本

    shell 的功能是执行远程主机上的 shell 脚本文件,支持管道符。

    例:

    shell > ansible Client -m shell -a "/home/test.sh"           # 执行远程脚本

    >> copy 模块(实现主控端向目标主机拷贝文件,类似于 scp 功能)

    例:

    shell > ansible Client -m copy -a "src=/home/test.sh desc=/tmp/ owner=root group=root mode=0755"   # 向 Client 组中主机拷贝 test.sh 到 /tmp 下,属主、组为 root ,权限为 0755

    >> stat 模块(获取远程文件状态信息,atime/ctime/mtime/md5/uid/gid 等信息)

    例:

    shell > ansible Client -m stat -a "path=/etc/syctl.conf"

    >> get_url 模块(实现在远程主机下载指定 URL 到本地,支持 sha256sum 文件校验)

    例:

    shell > ansible Client -m get_url -a "url=http://www.baidu.com dest=/tmp/index.html mode=0440 force=yes"

    >> yum 模块(软件包管理)

    例:

    shell > ansible Client -m yum -a "name=curl state=latest"

    >> cron 模块(远程主机 crontab 配置)

    例:

    shell > ansible Client -m cron -a "name='check dirs' hour='5,2' job='ls -alh > /dev/null'"

    效果:

    #Ansible: check dirs
    * 5,2 * * * ls -alh > /dev/null

    >> mount 模块(远程主机分区挂载)

    例:

    shell > ansible Client -m mount -a "name=/mnt/data src=/dev/sd0 fstype=ext4 opts=ro state=present"

    >> service 模块(远程主机系统服务管理)

    例:

    shell > ansible Client -m service -a "name=nginx state=stopped"
    shell > ansible Client -m service -a "name=nginx state=restarted"
    shell > ansible Client -m service -a "name=nginx state=reloaded"

    >> user 服务模块(远程主机用户管理)

    例:

    shell > ansible Client -m user -a "name=wang comment='user wang'"
    
    shell > ansible Client -m user -a "name=wang state=absent remove=yes"    # 添加删除用户

    五、Ansible-playbook

    # 使用 Ansible-playbook 可以完成一组复杂的动作,例如部署环境、搭建服务、修改配置等。

    简单示例:

    shell > vim /etc/ansible/playbook.yml    # 将远程主机IP地址写入文件中保存
    
    ---
    - hosts: Client
    remote_user: root
    tasks:
    - name: Save IP To info.txt
    shell: "ifconfig eth0 | awk -F '[ :]'+ '/inet addr/{print $4}' > ~/info.txt"
    
    # hosts        指定执行操作主机
    # remote_user  指定执行用户
    # tasks        指明有哪些动作
    # name         动作描述
    # shell        模块,后面为具体指令

    Playbook 实战:

    一、目录结构

    shell > cd /etc/ansible/ ; tree .
    .
    ├── ansible.cfg
    ├── delete_zabbix_agent.yml
    ├── hosts
    ├── install_zabbix_agent.yml
    └── roles
        ├── delete_zabbix_agent
        │   ├── tasks
        │   │   └── main.yml
        │   └── vars
        │       └── main.yml
        └── install_zabbix_agent
            ├── files
            │   └── zabbix-2.4.5.tar.gz
            ├── tasks
            │   └── main.yml
            ├── templates
            │   ├── zabbix_agentd
            │   └── zabbix_agentd.conf
            └── vars
                 └── main.yml
    
    ## ansible.cfg  此文件为 ansible 的主配置文件
    ## hosts        用于定义主机组
    ## roles        定义不同的角色
    ## install_zabbix_agent.yml  用于安装 zabbix_agent 的引导文件
    ## delete_zabbix_agent.yml   删除已安装的 zabbix_agent 的引导文件
    
        └── install_zabbix_agent
            ├── files
            │   └── zabbix-2.4.5.tar.gz
            ├── tasks
            │   └── main.yml
            ├── templates
            │   ├── zabbix_agentd
            │   └── zabbix_agentd.conf
            └── vars
                 └── main.yml
    
    ## 其中,install_zabbix_agent 为一个角色,用于安装 zabbix_agent
    
    ## file      目录:用于存放将要拷贝到远程主机的安装包等
    ## tasks     目录:将要执行的所有任务,如果比较复杂,可以单独定义不同的任务,最后在 main.yml 文件中引用即可
    ## templates 目录:模板目录,这里存放着一些可变的文件,即:每台主机上的这些文件中的内容都不完全相同
    ## vars      目录:用于存放变量
    
    ## 这是一个比较简单的结构,其实一个角色中还可以有 meta 、handlers 等

    二、Playbook 安装软件需要的步骤

    1、定义 hosts( 给哪些主机安装软件 )

    shell > vim /etc/ansible/hosts
    
    [mini]
    
    129.139.153.78:16283
    155.139.190.94:12573

    2、定义入口文件 install_zabbix_agent.yml

    shell > vim /etc/ansible/install_zabbix_agent.yml
    
    ---
    - hosts: mini
      roles:
      - install_zabbix_agent
    
    ## 可以看到将要安装的主机组为 mini 组,角色为 install_zabbix_agent

    3、定义角色 install_zabbix_agent

    shell > tree /etc/ansible/roles/install_zabbix_agent/
    
    ├── files
    │    └── zabbix-2.4.5.tar.gz
    ├── tasks
    │    └── main.yml
    ├── templates
    │    ├── zabbix_agentd
    │    └── zabbix_agentd.conf
    └── vars
          └── main.yml
    
    ## 建立 files     目录,存放编译安装过的 zabbix_agent 目录的压缩文件,用于拷贝到远程主机
    ## 建立 tasks     目录,用于编写将要执行的任务
    ## 建立 templates 目录,用于存放可变的模板文件
    ## 建立 vars      目录,用于存放变量信息
    shell > cat /etc/ansible/roles/install_zabbix_agent/tasks/main.yml
    
    ---
      - name: Install Software
        yum: name={{ item }} state=latest
        with_items:
          - libcurl-devel
      - name: Create Zabbix User
        user: name={{ zabbix_user }} state=present createhome=no shell=/sbin/nologin
      - name: Copy Zabbix.tar.gz
        copy: src=zabbix-{{ zabbix_version }}.tar.gz dest={{ zabbix_dir }}/src/zabbix-{{ zabbix_version }}.tar.gz owner=root group=root
      - name: Uncompression Zabbix.tar.gz
        shell: tar zxf {{ zabbix_dir }}/src/zabbix-{{ zabbix_version }}.tar.gz -C {{ zabbix_dir }}/
      - name: Copy Zabbix Start Script
        template: src=zabbix_agentd dest=/etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd owner=root group=root mode=0755
      - name: Copy Zabbix Config File
        template: src=zabbix_agentd.conf dest={{ zabbix_dir }}/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf owner={{ zabbix_user }} group={{ zabbix_user }} mode=0644
      - name: Modify Zabbix Dir Permisson
        file: path={{ zabbix_dir }}/zabbix owner={{ zabbix_user }} group={{ zabbix_user }} mode=0755 recurse=yes
      - name: Start Zabbix Service
        shell: /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd start
      - name: Add Boot Start Zabbix Service
        shell: chkconfig --level 35 zabbix_agentd on
    shell > cat /etc/ansible/roles/install_zabbix_agent/vars/main.yml
    
    zabbix_dir: /usr/local
    zabbix_version: 2.4.5
    zabbix_user: zabbix
    zabbix_port: 10050
    zabbix_server_ip: 131.142.101.120
    shell > cat /etc/ansible/roles/install_zabbix_agent/templates/zabbix_agentd
    
    #!/bin/bash
    #
    # chkconfig: - 90 10
    # description:  Starts and stops Zabbix Agent using chkconfig
    #                               Tested on Fedora Core 2 - 5
    #                               Should work on all Fedora Core versions
    #
    # @name:        zabbix_agentd
    # @author:      Alexander Hagenah <hagenah@topconcepts.com>
    # @created:     18.04.2006
    #
    # Modified for Zabbix 2.0.0
    # May 2012, Zabbix SIA
    #
    # Source function library.
    . /etc/init.d/functions
    
    # Variables
    # Edit these to match your system settings
    
            # Zabbix-Directory
            BASEDIR={{ zabbix_dir }}/zabbix
    
            # Binary File
            BINARY_NAME=zabbix_agentd
    
            # Full Binary File Call
            FULLPATH=$BASEDIR/sbin/$BINARY_NAME
    
            # PID file
            PIDFILE=/tmp/$BINARY_NAME.pid
    
            # Establish args
            ERROR=0
            STOPPING=0
    
    #
    # No need to edit the things below
    #
    
    # application checking status
    if [ -f $PIDFILE  ] && [ -s $PIDFILE ]
            then
            PID=`cat $PIDFILE`
    
            if [ "x$PID" != "x" ] && kill -0 $PID 2>/dev/null && [ $BINARY_NAME == `ps -e | grep $PID | awk '{print $4}'` ]
            then
                    STATUS="$BINARY_NAME (pid `pidof $APP`) running.."
                    RUNNING=1
            else
                    rm -f $PIDFILE
                    STATUS="$BINARY_NAME (pid file existed ($PID) and now removed) not running.."
                    RUNNING=0
            fi
    else
            if [ `ps -e | grep $BINARY_NAME | head -1 | awk '{ print $1 }'` ]
                    then
                    STATUS="$BINARY_NAME (pid `pidof $APP`, but no pid file) running.."
            else
                    STATUS="$BINARY_NAME (no pid file) not running"
            fi
            RUNNING=0
    fi
    
    # functions
    start() {
            if [ $RUNNING -eq 1 ]
                    then
                    echo "$0 $ARG: $BINARY_NAME (pid $PID) already running"
            else
                    action $"Starting $BINARY_NAME: " $FULLPATH
                    touch /var/lock/subsys/$BINARY_NAME
            fi
    }
    
    stop() {
            echo -n $"Shutting down $BINARY_NAME: "
            killproc $BINARY_NAME
            RETVAL=$?
            echo
            [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$BINARY_NAME
            RUNNING=0
    }
    
    
    # logic
    case "$1" in
            start)
                    start
                    ;;
            stop)
                    stop
                    ;;
            status)
                    status $BINARY_NAME
                    ;;
            restart)
                    stop
                    sleep 10
                    start
                    ;;
            help|*)
                    echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|help}"
                    cat <<EOF
    
                            start           - start $BINARY_NAME
                            stop            - stop $BINARY_NAME
                            status          - show current status of $BINARY_NAME
                            restart         - restart $BINARY_NAME if running by sending a SIGHUP or start if not running
                            help            - this screen
    
    EOF
            exit 1
            ;;
    esac
    
    exit 0
    shell > cat /etc/ansible/roles/install_zabbix_agent/templates/zabbix_agentd.conf
    
    # This is a config file for the Zabbix agent daemon (Unix)
    # To get more information about Zabbix, visit http://www.zabbix.com
    
    ############ GENERAL PARAMETERS #################
    
    ### Option: PidFile
    #       Name of PID file.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # PidFile=/tmp/zabbix_agentd.pid
    
    ### Option: LogFile
    #       Name of log file.
    #       If not set, syslog is used.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # LogFile=
    
    LogFile=/tmp/zabbix_agentd.log
    
    ### Option: LogFileSize
    #       Maximum size of log file in MB.
    #       0 - disable automatic log rotation.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Range: 0-1024
    # Default:
    # LogFileSize=1
    
    ### Option: DebugLevel
    #       Specifies debug level
    #       0 - basic information about starting and stopping of Zabbix processes
    #       1 - critical information
    #       2 - error information
    #       3 - warnings
    #       4 - for debugging (produces lots of information)
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Range: 0-4
    # Default:
    # DebugLevel=3
    
    ### Option: SourceIP
    #       Source IP address for outgoing connections.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # SourceIP=
    
    ### Option: EnableRemoteCommands
    #       Whether remote commands from Zabbix server are allowed.
    #       0 - not allowed
    #       1 - allowed
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # EnableRemoteCommands=0
    
    ### Option: LogRemoteCommands
    #       Enable logging of executed shell commands as warnings.
    #       0 - disabled
    #       1 - enabled
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # LogRemoteCommands=0
    
    ##### Passive checks related
    
    ### Option: Server
    #       List of comma delimited IP addresses (or hostnames) of Zabbix servers.
    #       Incoming connections will be accepted only from the hosts listed here.
    #       If IPv6 support is enabled then '127.0.0.1', '::127.0.0.1', '::ffff:127.0.0.1' are treated equally.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # Server=
    
    Server={{ zabbix_server_ip }}
    
    ### Option: ListenPort
    #       Agent will listen on this port for connections from the server.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Range: 1024-32767
    # Default:
    # ListenPort=10050
    ListenPort={{ zabbix_port }}
    
    ### Option: ListenIP
    #       List of comma delimited IP addresses that the agent should listen on.
    #       First IP address is sent to Zabbix server if connecting to it to retrieve list of active checks.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # ListenIP=0.0.0.0
    
    ### Option: StartAgents
    #       Number of pre-forked instances of zabbix_agentd that process passive checks.
    #       If set to 0, disables passive checks and the agent will not listen on any TCP port.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Range: 0-100
    # Default:
    # StartAgents=3
    
    ##### Active checks related
    
    ### Option: ServerActive
    #       List of comma delimited IP:port (or hostname:port) pairs of Zabbix servers for active checks.
    #       If port is not specified, default port is used.
    #       IPv6 addresses must be enclosed in square brackets if port for that host is specified.
    #       If port is not specified, square brackets for IPv6 addresses are optional.
    #       If this parameter is not specified, active checks are disabled.
    #       Example: ServerActive=127.0.0.1:20051,zabbix.domain,[::1]:30051,::1,[12fc::1]
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # ServerActive=
    
    #ServerActive=127.0.0.1:10051
    
    ### Option: Hostname
    #       Unique, case sensitive hostname.
    #       Required for active checks and must match hostname as configured on the server.
    #       Value is acquired from HostnameItem if undefined.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # Hostname=
    
    Hostname={{ ansible_all_ipv4_addresses[1] }}
    
    ### Option: HostnameItem
    #       Item used for generating Hostname if it is undefined. Ignored if Hostname is defined.
    #       Does not support UserParameters or aliases.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # HostnameItem=system.hostname
    
    ### Option: HostMetadata
    #       Optional parameter that defines host metadata.
    #       Host metadata is used at host auto-registration process.
    #       An agent will issue an error and not start if the value is over limit of 255 characters.
    #       If not defined, value will be acquired from HostMetadataItem.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Range: 0-255 characters
    # Default:
    # HostMetadata=
    
    ### Option: HostMetadataItem
    #       Optional parameter that defines an item used for getting host metadata.
    #       Host metadata is used at host auto-registration process.
    #       During an auto-registration request an agent will log a warning message if
    #       the value returned by specified item is over limit of 255 characters.
    #       This option is only used when HostMetadata is not defined.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # HostMetadataItem=
    
    ### Option: RefreshActiveChecks
    #       How often list of active checks is refreshed, in seconds.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Range: 60-3600
    # Default:
    # RefreshActiveChecks=120
    
    ### Option: BufferSend
    #       Do not keep data longer than N seconds in buffer.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Range: 1-3600
    # Default:
    # BufferSend=5
    
    ### Option: BufferSize
    #       Maximum number of values in a memory buffer. The agent will send
    #       all collected data to Zabbix Server or Proxy if the buffer is full.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Range: 2-65535
    # Default:
    # BufferSize=100
    
    ### Option: MaxLinesPerSecond
    #       Maximum number of new lines the agent will send per second to Zabbix Server
    #       or Proxy processing 'log' and 'logrt' active checks.
    #       The provided value will be overridden by the parameter 'maxlines',
    #       provided in 'log' or 'logrt' item keys.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Range: 1-1000
    # Default:
    # MaxLinesPerSecond=100
    
    ############ ADVANCED PARAMETERS #################
    
    ### Option: Alias
    #       Sets an alias for an item key. It can be used to substitute long and complex item key with a smaller and simpler one.
    #       Multiple Alias parameters may be present. Multiple parameters with the same Alias key are not allowed.
    #       Different Alias keys may reference the same item key.
    #       For example, to retrieve the ID of user 'zabbix':
    #       Alias=zabbix.userid:vfs.file.regexp[/etc/passwd,^zabbix:.:([0-9]+),,,,1]
    #       Now shorthand key zabbix.userid may be used to retrieve data.
    #       Aliases can be used in HostMetadataItem but not in HostnameItem parameters.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Range:
    # Default:
    
    ### Option: Timeout
    #       Spend no more than Timeout seconds on processing
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Range: 1-30
    # Default:
    Timeout=20
    
    ### Option: AllowRoot
    #       Allow the agent to run as 'root'. If disabled and the agent is started by 'root', the agent
    #       will try to switch to the user specified by the User configuration option instead.
    #       Has no effect if started under a regular user.
    #       0 - do not allow
    #       1 - allow
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # AllowRoot=0
    
    ### Option: User
    #       Drop privileges to a specific, existing user on the system.
    #       Only has effect if run as 'root' and AllowRoot is disabled.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # User=zabbix
    
    ### Option: Include
    #       You may include individual files or all files in a directory in the configuration file.
    #       Installing Zabbix will create include directory in /usr/local/etc, unless modified during the compile time.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # Include=
    
    # Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.userparams.conf
    # Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/
    # Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/*.conf
    
    ####### USER-DEFINED MONITORED PARAMETERS #######
    
    ### Option: UnsafeUserParameters
    #       Allow all characters to be passed in arguments to user-defined parameters.
    #       0 - do not allow
    #       1 - allow
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Range: 0-1
    # Default:
    UnsafeUserParameters=1
    
    ### Option: UserParameter
    #       User-defined parameter to monitor. There can be several user-defined parameters.
    #       Format: UserParameter=<key>,<shell command>
    #       See 'zabbix_agentd' directory for examples.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # UserParameter=
    
    ####### LOADABLE MODULES #######
    
    ### Option: LoadModulePath
    #       Full path to location of agent modules.
    #       Default depends on compilation options.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # LoadModulePath=${libdir}/modules
    
    ### Option: LoadModule
    #       Module to load at agent startup. Modules are used to extend functionality of the agent.
    #       Format: LoadModule=<module.so>
    #       The modules must be located in directory specified by LoadModulePath.
    #       It is allowed to include multiple LoadModule parameters.
    #
    # Mandatory: no
    # Default:
    # LoadModule=

    4、执行安装

    shell > ansible-playbook /etc/ansible/install_zabbix_agent.yml
    
    PLAY [mini] *******************************************************************
    
    GATHERING FACTS ***************************************************************
    ok: [129.139.153.78]
    ok: [155.139.190.94]
    
    TASK: [install_zabbix_agent | Install Software] *******************************
    changed: [155.139.190.94] => (item=libcurl-devel)
    changed: [129.139.153.78] => (item=libcurl-devel)
    
    TASK: [install_zabbix_agent | Create Zabbix User] *****************************
    changed: [129.139.153.78]
    changed: [155.139.190.94]
    
    TASK: [install_zabbix_agent | Copy Zabbix.tar.gz] *****************************
    changed: [129.139.153.78]
    changed: [155.139.190.94]
    
    TASK: [install_zabbix_agent | Uncompression Zabbix.tar.gz] ********************
    changed: [129.139.153.78]
    changed: [155.139.190.94]
    
    TASK: [install_zabbix_agent | Copy Zabbix Start Script] ***********************
    changed: [155.139.190.94]
    changed: [129.139.153.78]
    
    TASK: [install_zabbix_agent | Copy Zabbix Config File] ************************
    changed: [129.139.153.78]
    changed: [155.139.190.94]
    
    TASK: [install_zabbix_agent | Modify Zabbix Dir Permisson] ********************
    changed: [155.139.190.94]
    changed: [129.139.153.78]
    
    TASK: [install_zabbix_agent | Start Zabbix Service] ***************************
    changed: [129.139.153.78]
    changed: [155.139.190.94]
    
    TASK: [install_zabbix_agent | Add Boot Start Zabbix Service] ******************
    changed: [129.139.153.78]
    changed: [155.139.190.94]
    
    PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************
    155.139.190.94               : ok=10   changed=9    unreachable=0    failed=0
    129.139.153.78               : ok=10   changed=9    unreachable=0    failed=0
    
    ## 关注一下,启动脚本跟配置文件中变量的引用。
    ## 完成安装,可以去客户机检查效果了 !

    附上:delete_zabbix_agent.yml 相关内容

    shell > vim /etc/ansible/delete_zabbix_agent.yml
    
    ---
    - hosts: mini
      roles:
      - delete_zabbix_agent
    
    shell > vim /etc/ansible/roles/delete_zabbix_agent/tasks/main.yml
    
    ---
    - name: Stop Zabbix_agent
      shell: pgrep zabbix_agentd | xargs kill
      ignore_errors: yes
    - name: Delete Boot Start
      shell: chkconfig --del zabbix_agentd
    - name: Delete Start Script
      shell: rm -rf /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
    - name: Delete Install Dir
      shell: rm -rf {{ zabbix_dir }}/zabbix
    - name: Delete Software
      shell: rm -rf {{ zabbix_dir }}/src/zabbix-{{ zabbix_version }}.tar.gz
    - name: Delete Log File
      shell: rm -rf /tmp/zabbix_agentd.log
    - name: Delete Zabbix User
      user: name={{ zabbix_user }} state=absent remove=yes
    
    shell > vim /etc/ansible/roles/delete_zabbix_agent/vars/main.yml
    
    zabbix_dir: /usr/local
    zabbix_version: 2.4.5
    zabbix_user: zabbix

    # End

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wangxiaoqiangs/p/5685239.html
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