简介：
官网 http://flume.apache.org
文档 https://flume.apache.org/FlumeUserGuide.html
hadoop 生态系统中，flume 的职责是收集数据，一般用作收集各种日志数据。
Source -> Channel -> Sink 这是一个基本的工作流程。
Source 定义了数据从哪里来，Channel 是一个数据暂存的位置 ( disk / mem )，Sink 定义将数据流向哪里！
一、flume 安装
shell > yum -y install jdk1.8.0_111 # java 环境必不可少 shell > java -version java version "1.8.0_111" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_111-b14) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.111-b14, mixed mode) shell > cd /usr/local/src shell > wget http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua/flume/1.7.0/apache-flume-1.7.0-bin.tar.gz shell > tar zxf apache-flume-1.7.0-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local
二、httpd ( 模拟一个日志源 )
shell > yum -y install httpd shell > /etc/init.d/httpd start
三、flume 基本配置
1、修改 flume 环境变量配置文件
shell > cd /usr/local/apache-flume-1.7.0-bin shell > cp conf/flume-env.sh.template conf/flume-env.sh shell > vim conf/flume-env.sh # 定义 JAVA_HOME export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/default
2、修改 flume 配置文件
shell > vim conf/flume-conf.properties # 定义 sources、channels、sinks flumeAgent.sources = r_log flumeAgent.channels = c_memory flumeAgent.sinks = s_logger # Source flumeAgent.sources.r_log.type = exec flumeAgent.sources.r_log.channels = c_memory flumeAgent.sources.r_log.command = tail -F /var/log/httpd/access_log # Channel flumeAgent.channels.c_memory.type = memory flumeAgent.channels.c_memory.capacity = 1000 flumeAgent.channels.c_memory.transactionCapacity = 100 # Sink flumeAgent.sinks.s_logger.type = logger flumeAgent.sinks.s_logger.channel = c_memory # 这是一个测试的配置文件，flume 监听 access_log 并输出到 logger # flumeAgent.channels.c_memory.capacity Channel 存储事件的最大数 # flumeAgent.channels.c_memory.transactionCapacity 从 Source 到 Sink 每传输事物中的最大事件数
四、flume 启动
shell > sh bin/flume-ng agent -c conf -f conf/flume-conf.properties -n flumeAgent -Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console # 启动一个 agent，-c 指定配置文件目录，-f 指定配置文件，-n 指定 agent 名称，-D 指定日志级别、输出位置 # 当 access_log 有新记录时，就会有事件输出到终端
五、flume 收集日志写入 hdfs
shell > cd /usr/local/apache-flume-1.7.0-bin shell > vim conf/flume-conf.properties # 定义 sources、channels、sinks flumeAgent.sources = r_log flumeAgent.channels = c_file flumeAgent.sinks = s_hdfs # Source flumeAgent.sources.r_log.type = taildir flumeAgent.sources.r_log.channels = c_file flumeAgent.sources.r_log.filegroups = f1 flumeAgent.sources.r_log.filegroups.f1 = /var/log/httpd/access_log flumeAgent.sources.r_log.positionFile = /data/flume/taildir_position_log.json flumeAgent.sources.r_log.skipToEnd = true # Channel flumeAgent.channels.c_file.type = file flumeAgent.channels.c_file.checkpointDir = /data/flume/check flumeAgent.channels.c_file.useDualCheckpoints = true flumeAgent.channels.c_file.backupCheckpointDir = /data/flume/backup flumeAgent.channels.c_file.dataDirs = /data/flume/data flumeAgent.channels.c_file.keep-alive = 10 flumeAgent.channels.c_file.write-timeout = 10 # Sink flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.type = hdfs flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.channel = c_file flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.hdfs.path = hdfs://master.hadoop/webroot/logs flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.hdfs.filePrefix = api flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.hdfs.rollInterval = 0 flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.hdfs.rollSize = 0 flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.hdfs.rollCount = 0 flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.hdfs.batchSize = 500 flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.hdfs.fileType = DataStream flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.hdfs.writeFormat = Text flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.hdfs.threadsPoolSize = 10 flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.hdfs.round = true flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.hdfs.roundValue = 24 flumeAgent.sinks.s_hfds.hdfs.roundUnit = hour flumeAgent.sinks.s_hdfs.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
# 注意：上述配置文件中涉及到的所有目录都会自动生成，不需要手动创建 ( 当然也可以手动创建 )
shell > sh bin/flume-ng agent -c conf -f conf/flume-conf.properties -n flumeAgent -Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console
# 启动 Agent
shell > tree /data/flume /data/flume ├── backup │ ├── backupComplete │ ├── checkpoint │ ├── checkpoint.meta │ ├── inflightputs │ └── inflighttakes ├── check │ ├── checkpoint │ ├── checkpoint.meta │ ├── inflightputs │ ├── inflighttakes │ └── queueset ├── data │ ├── log-1 │ ├── log-1.meta │ ├── log-2 │ └── log-2.meta └── taildir_position_log.json
# 这便是配置中的所需目录及文件
shell > su - hadoop hadoop shell > hdfs dfs -ls /webroot/logs -rw-r--r-- 3 root supergroup 73322 2017-04-21 19:02 /webroot/logs/api.1492772551751.tmp hadoop shell > hdfs dfs -tail -f /webroot/logs/api.1492772551751.tmp 192.168.1.246 - - [21/Apr/2017:19:04:18 +0800] "GET /icons/apache_pb.gif HTTP/1.1" 304 - "http://192.168.1.25/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0" 192.168.1.246 - - [21/Apr/2017:19:04:18 +0800] "GET /icons/poweredby.png HTTP/1.1" 304 - "http://192.168.1.25/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0"
# 可以看到数据正被写入 hdfs ( 注意：是从日志文件头部读取 )
报错管理：
1、hdfs 权限拒绝
2017-04-21 18:24:59,939 (SinkRunner-PollingRunner-DefaultSinkProcessor) [WARN - org.apache.flume.sink.hdfs.HDFSEventSink.process(HDFSEventSink.java:443)] HDFS IO error org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: Permission denied: user=root, access=WRITE, inode="/webroot/logs":hadoop:supergroup:drwxr-xr-x at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSPermissionChecker.check(FSPermissionChecker.java:310) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSPermissionChecker.checkPermission(FSPermissionChecker.java:219) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSPermissionChecker.checkPermission(FSPermissionChecker.java:189) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.checkPermission(FSDirectory.java:1654) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.checkPermission(FSDirectory.java:1638) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.checkAncestorAccess(FSDirectory.java:1597) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirWriteFileOp.resolvePathForStartFile(FSDirWriteFileOp.java:293) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.startFileInt(FSNamesystem.java:2211) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.startFile(FSNamesystem.java:2154) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNodeRpcServer.create(NameNodeRpcServer.java:727) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.create(ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.java:409)
解决方法：
shell > su - hadoop hadoop shell > vim /usr/local/hadoop-2.8.0/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml <property> <name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name> <value>false</value> </property>
# 暂时关闭了权限验证，还没找到更好的方法 ( 开放 hdfs / 权限，跟关闭权限验证没啥区别 )