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    与众不同 windows phone (45) - 8.0 语音: TTS, 语音识别, 语音命令



    作者:webabcd


    介绍
    与众不同 windows phone 8.0 之 语音

    • TTS(Text To Speech)
    • 语音识别
    • 语音命令



    示例
    1、演示 TTS(Text To Speech)的应用
    Speech/TTS.xaml

    <phone:PhoneApplicationPage
        x:Class="Demo.Speech.TTS"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
        xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"
        FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"
        Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"
        SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">
    
        <Grid Background="Transparent">
            <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
    
                <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" />
                
                <Button x:Name="btnTTS_Basic" Content="TTS 基础" Click="btnTTS_Basic_Click" />
    
                <Button x:Name="btnTTS_Select" Content="用指定的语音 TTS" Click="btnTTS_Select_Click" />
    
                <Button x:Name="btnTTS_SSML" Content="朗读 SSML 文档" Click="btnTTS_SSML_Click" />
    
            </StackPanel>
        </Grid>
    
    </phone:PhoneApplicationPage>

    Speech/TTS.xaml.cs

    /*
     * 演示 TTS(Text To Speech)的应用
     * 
     * 
     * InstalledVoices - 管理已安装的语音
     *     All - 已安装的全部语音,返回 VoiceInformation 对象列表
     *     Default - 默认语音,返回 VoiceInformation 对象
     *     
     * VoiceInformation - 语音信息
     *     Id - 标识
     *     Language - 语言
     *     DisplayName - 名称
     *     Description - 描述
     *     Gender - 性别(VoiceGender.Male 或 VoiceGender.Female)
     * 
     * SpeechSynthesizer - TTS 的类
     *     SetVoice(VoiceInformation voiceInformation) - 设置语音
     *     GetVoice() - 获取语音信息
     *     SpeakTextAsync(string content, object userState) - 朗读指定的文本。可以设置一个上下文对象,在 SpeechStarted 时取出
     *     SpeakSsmlAsync(string content, object userState) - 朗读指定的 SSML 文档。可以设置一个上下文对象,在 SpeechStarted 时取出
     *     SpeakSsmlFromUriAsync(Uri content, object userState) - 朗读指定地址的 SSML 文档。可以设置一个上下文对象,在 SpeechStarted 时取出
     *     CancelAll() - 取消全部朗读
     *     SpeechStarted - 开始朗读时触发的事件
     *     BookmarkReached - 朗读到 <mark /> 标记时触发的事件(仅针对 SSML 协议)
     * 
     * 
     * 注:
     * 1、需要在 manifest 中增加配置 <Capability Name="ID_CAP_SPEECH_RECOGNITION" />
     * 2、SSML - Speech Synthesis Markup Language
     * 3、微软关于 ssml 的说明:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh361578
     * 4、W3C 关于 ssml 的说明:http://www.w3.org/TR/speech-synthesis/
     */
    
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Windows;
    using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;
    using Windows.Phone.Speech.Synthesis;
    
    namespace Demo.Speech
    {
        public partial class TTS : PhoneApplicationPage
        {
            private string _text = "TTS 是 Text To Speech 的缩写<mark name="xxx" />,即“从文本到语音”,是人机对话的一部分,让机器能够说话。";
    
            public TTS()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
            }
    
            // 默认方式朗读文本
            private async void btnTTS_Basic_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                SpeechSynthesizer speechSynthesizer = new SpeechSynthesizer();
                await speechSynthesizer.SpeakTextAsync(_text);
            }
    
            // 用指定的语音朗读文本
            private async void btnTTS_Select_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                SpeechSynthesizer speechSynthesizer = new SpeechSynthesizer();
    
                // 中文语音列表(应该有两条记录:第一条是女声;第二条是男声。具体信息可从 VoiceInformation 对象中获取)
                IEnumerable<VoiceInformation> zhVoices = from voice in InstalledVoices.All
                                                         where voice.Language == "zh-CN"
                                                         select voice;
    
                // 设置语音
                speechSynthesizer.SetVoice(zhVoices.ElementAt(0));
    
                // 朗读文本
                await speechSynthesizer.SpeakTextAsync(_text);
            }
    
            // 朗读指定 SSML 协议文档
            private async void btnTTS_SSML_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                SpeechSynthesizer speechSynthesizer = new SpeechSynthesizer();
    
                // 开始朗读时触发的事件
                speechSynthesizer.SpeechStarted += speechSynthesizer_SpeechStarted;
    
                // 到达 <mark /> 标记时触发的事件
                speechSynthesizer.BookmarkReached += speechSynthesizer_BookmarkReached;
    
                // 微软关于 ssml 的说明:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh361578
                // W3C 关于 ssml 的说明:http://www.w3.org/TR/speech-synthesis/
    
                string ssml = "<speak version="1.0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/synthesis" xml:lang="zh-CN">"; // 中文
                ssml += "<voice gender="male">"; // 男声
                ssml += "<prosody rate="-50%">"; // 语速放慢 50%
                ssml += _text;
                ssml += "</prosody>";
                ssml += "</voice>";
                ssml += "</speak>";
              
                // 朗读 SSML
                await speechSynthesizer.SpeakSsmlAsync(ssml);
            }
    
            void speechSynthesizer_SpeechStarted(SpeechSynthesizer sender, SpeechStartedEventArgs args)
            {
                // 获取上下文对象
                object userState = args.UserState;
            }
    
            void speechSynthesizer_BookmarkReached(SpeechSynthesizer sender, SpeechBookmarkReachedEventArgs args)
            {
                this.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(delegate() 
                {
                    // 触发当前事件的 <mark /> 标记的名称
                    lblMsg.Text = "mark name: " + args.Bookmark;
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
    
                    // 朗读到触发当前事件的 <mark /> 标记所用的时间
                    lblMsg.Text += "audio position: " + args.AudioPosition.TotalSeconds;
                });
            }
        }
    }


    2、演示如何通过自定义语法列表做语音识别,以及如何通过 SRGS 自定义语法做语音识别
    Speech/SRGSGrammar.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <grammar version="1.0" xml:lang="zh-cn" root="Main" tag-format="semantics/1.0"
             xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/06/grammar"
             xmlns:sapi="http://schemas.microsoft.com/Speech/2002/06/SRGSExtensions">
      <rule id="Main">
        <item repeat="0-1">我想去</item>
        <ruleref uri="#Cities" />
      </rule>
      <rule id="Cities" scope="public">
        <one-of>
          <item>北京</item>
          <item>深圳</item>
          <item>上海</item>
          <item>广州</item>
        </one-of>
      </rule>
    </grammar>
    
    <!--
    本例可以识别:我想去北京;我想去深圳;我想去上海;我想去广州;北京;深圳;上海;广州
    
    Visual Studio 有创建 SRGSGrammar(SRGS 语法)文件的模板
    微软关于 SRGS 的说明:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh361653
    W3C 关于 SRGS 的说明:http://www.w3.org/TR/speech-grammar/
    -->

    Speech/SpeechRecognition.xaml

    <phone:PhoneApplicationPage
        x:Class="Demo.Speech.SpeechRecognition"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
        xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"
        FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"
        Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"
        SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">
    
        <Grid Background="Transparent">
            <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
    
                <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" />
    
                <Button x:Name="btnDemo" Content="通过自定义语法列表做语音识别" Click="btnDemo_Click" />
    
                <Button x:Name="btnSRGS" Content="通过 SRGS 自定义语法做语音识别" Click="btnSRGS_Click" />
                
            </StackPanel>
        </Grid>
    
    </phone:PhoneApplicationPage>

    Speech/SpeechRecognition.xaml.cs

    /*
     * 演示如何通过自定义语法列表做语音识别,以及如何通过 SRGS 自定义语法做语音识别
     * 
     * 
     * 语音识别:用于在 app 内识别语音
     * 语音命令:用于在 app 外通过语音命令启动 app
     *  
     * 
     * 注:
     * 1、需要在 manifest 中增加配置 <Capability Name="ID_CAP_SPEECH_RECOGNITION" /> <Capability Name="ID_CAP_MICROPHONE" />
     * 2、安装语音识别器:设置 -> 语音 -> 在“语音语言”列表中安装指定的语音识别器,并启用语音识别服务
     * 3、SRGS - Speech Recognition Grammar Specification
     * 4、微软关于 SRGS 的说明:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh361653
     * 5、W3C 关于 SRGS 的说明:http://www.w3.org/TR/speech-grammar/
     */
    
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Windows;
    using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;
    using Windows.Phone.Speech.Recognition;
    
    namespace Demo.Speech
    {
        public partial class SpeechRecognition : PhoneApplicationPage
        {
            public SpeechRecognition()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
            }
    
            private async void btnDemo_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                // 语音识别器,带 UI 的
                SpeechRecognizerUI speechRecognizerUI = new SpeechRecognizerUI();
    
                // 识别过程中发生问题时触发的事件
                speechRecognizerUI.Recognizer.AudioProblemOccurred += Recognizer_AudioProblemOccurred;
                // 音频捕获状态发生变化时触发的事件
                speechRecognizerUI.Recognizer.AudioCaptureStateChanged += Recognizer_AudioCaptureStateChanged;
    
                // InitialSilenceTimeout - 在此时间内收到的都是无声输入,则终止识别
                speechRecognizerUI.Recognizer.Settings.InitialSilenceTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5.0);
                // EndSilenceTimeout - 语音识别开始后,如果此时间内都是无声输入,则识别结束
                speechRecognizerUI.Recognizer.Settings.EndSilenceTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.15);
                // BabbleTimeout - 在此时间内收到的都是噪音,则终止识别(0 代表禁用此功能)
                speechRecognizerUI.Recognizer.Settings.BabbleTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.0);
    
                // 获取中文语音识别器
                IEnumerable<SpeechRecognizerInformation> zhRecognizers = from recognizerInfo in InstalledSpeechRecognizers.All
                                                                         where recognizerInfo.Language == "zh-CN"
                                                                         select recognizerInfo;
    
                if (zhRecognizers.Count() > 0)
                {
                    // 指定语音识别器
                    speechRecognizerUI.Recognizer.SetRecognizer(zhRecognizers.First());
    
                    // 设置语音识别的单词列表
                    string[] phrases = { "xbox", "海贼王", "王磊" };
                    speechRecognizerUI.Recognizer.Grammars.AddGrammarFromList("myWord", phrases);
                    // speechRecognizerUI.Recognizer.Grammars.AddGrammarFromPredefinedType("dictation", SpeechPredefinedGrammar.Dictation); // 听写整句,基于本地的语音识别
                    // speechRecognizerUI.Recognizer.Grammars.AddGrammarFromPredefinedType("webSearch", SpeechPredefinedGrammar.WebSearch); // 听写整句,基于网络的语音识别
    
                    // 预加载全部语法
                    await speechRecognizerUI.Recognizer.PreloadGrammarsAsync();
    
                    // 带 UI 的语音识别器的监听页上显示的标题
                    speechRecognizerUI.Settings.ListenText = "监听中。。。";
    
                    // 带 UI 的语音识别器的监听页上显示的示例文本
                    speechRecognizerUI.Settings.ExampleText = "精确识别:xbox, 海贼王, 王磊";
    
                    // 在“您说的是”页(如果匹配到多条记录,则会在此页列出)和“听到您说”页是否需要通过 TTS 朗读识别的内容(当在语音设置中启用了“播放音频确认”时,此处 true 才会有效)
                    speechRecognizerUI.Settings.ReadoutEnabled = true;
    
                    // 是否显示“听到您说”页(用于显示识别出的最终文本)
                    speechRecognizerUI.Settings.ShowConfirmation = false;
    
                    try
                    {
                        // 开始识别
                        SpeechRecognitionUIResult result = await speechRecognizerUI.RecognizeWithUIAsync();
    
                        // 输出识别状态和结果
                        lblMsg.Text = "识别状态: " + result.ResultStatus.ToString();
                        lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                        lblMsg.Text += "识别结果:" + result.RecognitionResult.Text;
                        lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                        lblMsg.Text += "可信度级别: " + result.RecognitionResult.TextConfidence.ToString(); // Rejected, Low, Medium, High
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        if ((uint)ex.HResult == 0x800455BC)
                        {
                            lblMsg.Text = "当前语音识别器不支持所请求的语言: " + speechRecognizerUI.Recognizer.GetRecognizer().Language;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            lblMsg.Text = ex.ToString();
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    lblMsg.Text = "未安装中文语音识别器";
                }
            }
    
            void Recognizer_AudioCaptureStateChanged(SpeechRecognizer sender, SpeechRecognizerAudioCaptureStateChangedEventArgs args)
            {
                // 音频捕获状态发生了变化:Capturing(捕获中) 或 Inactive(未捕获)
                lblMsg.Text = "AudioCaptureStateChanged: " + args.State.ToString();
            }
    
            void Recognizer_AudioProblemOccurred(SpeechRecognizer sender, SpeechAudioProblemOccurredEventArgs args)
            {
                // 识别过程中发生了问题:TooLoud, TooQuiet, TooFast, TooSlow, TooNoisy, NoSignal, None
                lblMsg.Text = "AudioProblemOccurred: " + args.Problem.ToString();
            }
    
    
    
            // 通过 SRGS 自定义语法
            // 微软关于 SRGS 的说明:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh361653
            // W3C 关于 SRGS 的说明:http://www.w3.org/TR/speech-grammar/
            private async void btnSRGS_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                // 语音识别器,无 UI 的
                SpeechRecognizer speechRecognizer = new SpeechRecognizer();
    
                // 指定 SRGS 语法
                Uri mySRGS = new Uri("ms-appx:///Speech/SRGSGrammar.xml", UriKind.Absolute);
                speechRecognizer.Grammars.AddGrammarFromUri("srgs", mySRGS);
    
                try
                {
                    lblMsg.Text = "监听中。。。";
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
    
                    // 开始识别
                    SpeechRecognitionResult result = await speechRecognizer.RecognizeAsync();
    
                    // 输出识别结果
                    lblMsg.Text += "识别结果:" + result.Text;
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                    lblMsg.Text += "可信度级别: " + result.TextConfidence.ToString(); // Rejected, Low, Medium, High
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    if ((uint)ex.HResult == 0x800455BC)
                    {
                        lblMsg.Text = "当前语音识别器不支持所请求的语言: " + speechRecognizer.GetRecognizer().Language;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        lblMsg.Text = ex.ToString();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }


    3、演示如何通过语音命令启动 app,以及 app 启动后如何获取启动此 app 的语音命令的标识和内容
    Speech/VoiceCommandDefinition.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <VoiceCommands xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/voicecommands/1.0">
      <CommandSet xml:lang="zh-cn">
    
        <!--命令前缀,不指定此值的话则会使用程序名做命令前缀-->
        <CommandPrefix>贪吃蛇</CommandPrefix>
        <!--语音监听窗口会随机显示不同 app 的语音命令提示文字(贪吃蛇 开始),轮到此 app 的时候就可能会显示这个-->
        <Example>开始</Example>
    
        <Command Name="PlayGame">
          <!--语音监听窗口会随机显示不同 app 的语音命令提示文字(贪吃蛇 开始),轮到此 app 的时候就可能会显示这个-->
          <Example>开始</Example>
          <!--监听语法-->
          <ListenFor>[马上] 开始</ListenFor>
          <!--监听语法-->
          <ListenFor>[马上] 启动</ListenFor>
          <!--准备启动目标 app 时,在监听窗口中显示的提示文字(当在语音设置中启用了“播放音频确认”时,此文字会作为 TTS 的文本)-->
          <Feedback>准备启动</Feedback>
          <!--启动页-->
          <Navigate Target="/Speech/VoiceCommands.xaml" />
        </Command>
    
        <Command Name="PlayLevel">
          <!--语音监听窗口会随机显示不同 app 的语音命令提示文字(贪吃蛇 从等级 2 开始),轮到此 app 的时候就可能会显示这个-->
          <Example>从等级 2 开始</Example>
          <!--监听语法-->
          <ListenFor>从等级 {number} 开始</ListenFor>
          <!--准备启动目标 app 时,在监听窗口中显示的提示文字(当在语音设置中启用了“播放音频确认”时,此文字会作为 TTS 的文本)-->
          <Feedback>正转到等级 {number}... </Feedback>
          <!--启动页-->
          <Navigate Target="/Speech/VoiceCommands.xaml" />
        </Command>
    
        <!--ListenFor 和 Feedback 可以通过 {number} 来引用此集合-->
        <PhraseList Label="number">
          <Item>1</Item>
          <Item>2</Item>
          <Item>3</Item>
        </PhraseList>
    
      </CommandSet>
    </VoiceCommands>
    
    <!--
    本例可以识别:贪吃蛇开始,贪吃蛇马上开始,贪吃蛇启动,贪吃蛇马上启动,贪吃蛇从等级 1 开始,从等级 2 开始,从等级 3 开始
    
    Visual Studio 有创建 VoiceCommandDefinition(语音命令定义)文件的模板
    关于 VoiceCommands 的详细说明参见:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsphone/develop/jj207041
    -->

    Speech/VoiceCommands.xaml

    <phone:PhoneApplicationPage
        x:Class="Demo.Speech.VoiceCommands"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
        xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"
        FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"
        Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"
        SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">
    
        <Grid Background="Transparent">
            <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
    
                <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="返回到开始屏幕,长按 windows 键,说出你的语音命令(语音命令的定义参见 VoiceCommandDefinition.xml)" />
    
            </StackPanel>
        </Grid>
        
    </phone:PhoneApplicationPage>

    Speech/VoiceCommands.xaml.cs

    /*
     * 演示如何通过语音命令启动 app,以及 app 启动后如何获取启动此 app 的语音命令的标识和内容
     * 
     * 
     * 语音识别:用于在 app 内识别语音
     * 语音命令:用于在 app 外通过语音命令启动 app
     * 
     * 
     * 注:
     * 1、需要在 manifest 中增加配置 <Capability Name="ID_CAP_SPEECH_RECOGNITION" /> <Capability Name="ID_CAP_MICROPHONE" />
     * 2、关于 VoiceCommands 的详细说明参见:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsphone/develop/jj207041
     */
    
    using System;
    using System.Windows;
    using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;
    using Windows.Phone.Speech.VoiceCommands;
    using System.Windows.Navigation;
    
    namespace Demo.Speech
    {
        public partial class VoiceCommands : PhoneApplicationPage
        {
            public VoiceCommands()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
    
                this.Loaded += VoiceCommands_Loaded;
            }
    
            private async void VoiceCommands_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                // 向系统注册本 app 的语音命令定义
                await VoiceCommandService.InstallCommandSetsFromFileAsync(new Uri("ms-appx:///Speech/VoiceCommandDefinition.xml"));
    
                // 获取语音命令定义的 CommandSet 中的内容,可以动态修改
                // VoiceCommandService.InstalledCommandSets
            }
    
            protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
            {
                // 通过语音命令启动时,url 类似如下:/Speech/VoiceCommands.xaml?voiceCommandName=PlayGame&reco=%E8%B4%AA%E5%90%83%E8%9B%87%20%E5%BC%80%E5%A7%8B
    
                if (NavigationContext.QueryString.ContainsKey("voiceCommandName"))
                {
                    lblMsg.Text = "语音命令的标识: " + NavigationContext.QueryString["voiceCommandName"];
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                    lblMsg.Text += "语音命令的内容: " + NavigationContext.QueryString["reco"];
                }
    
                base.OnNavigatedTo(e);
            }
        }
    }



    OK
    [源码下载]

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/webabcd/p/3501356.html
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