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  • 背水一战 Windows 10 (115)

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    背水一战 Windows 10 (115) - 后台任务: 通过 toast 激活后台任务, 定时激活后台任务



    作者:webabcd


    介绍
    背水一战 Windows 10 之 后台任务

    • 通过 toast 激活后台任务
    • 定时激活后台任务



    示例
    1、演示如何通过 toast 激活后台任务
    /BackgroundTaskLib/BackgroundTaskToast.cs

    /*
     * 后台任务,用于演示如何通过 toast 激活后台任务 
     * 
     * ToastNotificationActionTriggerDetail - toast 触发器信息
     *     Argument - 由 toast 传递过来的参数
     *     UserInput - 由 toast 传递过来的输入框数据
     */
    
    using System;
    using Windows.ApplicationModel.Background;
    using Windows.Storage;
    using Windows.UI.Notifications;
    
    namespace BackgroundTaskLib
    {
        public sealed class BackgroundTaskToast : IBackgroundTask
        {
            public async void Run(IBackgroundTaskInstance taskInstance)
            {
                BackgroundTaskDeferral deferral = taskInstance.GetDeferral();
    
                try
                {
                    // 获取 ToastNotificationActionTriggerDetail 对象
                    ToastNotificationActionTriggerDetail toastDetail = taskInstance.TriggerDetails as ToastNotificationActionTriggerDetail;
                    if (toastDetail != null)
                    {
                        string result = "";
    
                        result = "argument: " + toastDetail.Argument;
                        result += Environment.NewLine;
    
                        foreach (string key in toastDetail.UserInput.Keys)
                        {
                            result += $"key:{key}, value:{toastDetail.UserInput[key]}";
                            result += Environment.NewLine;
                        }
    
                        // 将获取到的 toast 信息保存为文件
                        StorageFile file = await ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder.CreateFileAsync(@"webabcdBackgroundTask	oast.txt", CreationCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
                        await FileIO.WriteTextAsync(file, result);
                    }
                }
                finally
                {
                    deferral.Complete();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    BackgroundTask/Toast.xaml

    <Page
        x:Class="Windows10.BackgroundTask.Toast"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:local="using:Windows10.BackgroundTask"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        mc:Ignorable="d">
    
        <Grid Background="Transparent">
            <StackPanel Margin="10 0 10 10">
    
                <Button Name="buttonShowToast" Content="显示 toast(点击 toast 框或点击 toast 中的按钮则可激活后台任务)" Click="buttonShowToast_Click" Margin="5" />
    
            </StackPanel>
        </Grid>
    </Page>

    BackgroundTask/Toast.xaml.cs

    /*
     * 演示如何通过 toast 激活后台任务
     * 
     * 注:
     * 1、需要引用后台任务项目,相关代码参见 BackgroundTaskLib/BackgroundTaskToast.cs
     * 2、需要在 Package.appxmanifest 添加“后台任务”声明,支持的任务类型选择“常规”,并指定 EntryPoint(后台任务的类全名),类似如下:
     * <Extension Category="windows.backgroundTasks" EntryPoint="BackgroundTaskLib.BackgroundTaskToast">
     *   <BackgroundTasks>
     *     <Task Type="general" />
     *   </BackgroundTasks>
     * </Extension>
     * 
     * 
     * 本例的 toast 的 xml 说明:
     * activationType - 通过点击 toast 激活 app 时的激活方式,background 代表后台方式激活
     * 其他 toast 的相关知识点请参见:/Notification/Toast/
     */
    
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using Windows.ApplicationModel;
    using Windows.ApplicationModel.Background;
    using Windows.Data.Xml.Dom;
    using Windows.Storage;
    using Windows.UI.Notifications;
    using Windows.UI.Popups;
    using Windows.UI.Xaml;
    using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
    using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;
    
    namespace Windows10.BackgroundTask
    {
        public sealed partial class Toast : Page
        {
            private string _taskName = "Toast";
            private string _taskEntryPoint = "BackgroundTaskLib.BackgroundTaskToast";
    
            public Toast()
            {
                this.InitializeComponent();
            }
    
            protected async override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
            {
                base.OnNavigatedTo(e);
    
    
                // 在注册后台任务之前,需要调用 BackgroundExecutionManager.RequestAccessAsync(),如果是更新过的 app 则在之前还需要调用 BackgroundExecutionManager.RemoveAccess()
                string appVersion = $"{Package.Current.Id.Version.Major}.{Package.Current.Id.Version.Minor}.{Package.Current.Id.Version.Build}.{Package.Current.Id.Version.Revision}";
                if ((string)ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings.Values["AppVersion"] != appVersion)
                {
                    // 对于更新的 app 来说先要调用这个方法
                    BackgroundExecutionManager.RemoveAccess();
                    // 注册后台任务之前先要调用这个方法,并获取 BackgroundAccessStatus 状态
                    BackgroundAccessStatus status = await BackgroundExecutionManager.RequestAccessAsync();
                    if (status == BackgroundAccessStatus.Unspecified || status == BackgroundAccessStatus.DeniedBySystemPolicy || status == BackgroundAccessStatus.DeniedByUser)
                    {
                        // 无权限注册后台任务
    
                        await new MessageDialog("没有权限注册后台任务").ShowAsync();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // 有权限注册后台任务
    
                        ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings.Values["AppVersion"] = appVersion;
                    }
                }
    
    
                // 如果任务已注册,则注销
                foreach (KeyValuePair<Guid, IBackgroundTaskRegistration> t in BackgroundTaskRegistration.AllTasks)
                {
                    if (t.Value.Name == _taskName)
                    {
                        t.Value.Unregister(true);
                    }
                }
    
                BackgroundTaskBuilder builder = new BackgroundTaskBuilder
                {
                    Name = _taskName,
                    TaskEntryPoint = _taskEntryPoint
                };
                // 指定后台任务的触发器类型为 ToastNotificationActionTrigger(即通过 toast 激活)
                builder.SetTrigger(new ToastNotificationActionTrigger());
                // 注册后台任务
                BackgroundTaskRegistration task = builder.Register();
            }
    
            // 弹出 toast 通知(点击 toast 框或点击 toast 中的按钮则可激活后台任务)
            private void buttonShowToast_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                string toastXml = @"
                    <toast activationType='background' launch='launch arguments'>
                        <visual>
                            <binding template='ToastGeneric'>
                                <text>toast - title</text>
                                <text>toast - content</text>
                            </binding>
                        </visual>
                        <actions>
                            <input type='text' id='message1' title='title1' />
                            <action content='确认' activationType='background' arguments='action arguments'/>
                        </actions>
                    </toast>";
    
                XmlDocument toastDoc = new XmlDocument();
                toastDoc.LoadXml(toastXml);
    
                ToastNotification toast = new ToastNotification(toastDoc);
                ToastNotificationManager.CreateToastNotifier().Show(toast);
            }
        }
    }


    2、演示后台任务的应用(定时激活后台任务)
    /BackgroundTaskLib/BackgroundTaskTime.cs

    /*
     * 后台任务,用于演示如何定时激活后台任务
     */
    
    using System;
    using Windows.ApplicationModel.Background;
    using Windows.Storage;
    
    namespace BackgroundTaskLib
    {
        // 实现 IBackgroundTask 接口,其只有一个方法,即 Run()
        public sealed class BackgroundTaskTime : IBackgroundTask
        {
            public async void Run(IBackgroundTaskInstance taskInstance)
            {
                // 异步操作
                BackgroundTaskDeferral deferral = taskInstance.GetDeferral();
    
                try
                {
                    // 写入相关数据到文件
                    StorageFile file = await ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder.CreateFileAsync(@"webabcdBackgroundTask	ime.txt", CreationCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
                    await FileIO.AppendTextAsync(file, "background task timeTrigger or maintenanceTrigger: " + DateTime.Now.ToString() + Environment.NewLine);
    
                }
                finally
                {
                    // 完成异步操作
                    deferral.Complete();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    BackgroundTask/Time.xaml

    <Page
        x:Class="Windows10.BackgroundTask.Time"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:local="using:Windows10.BackgroundTask"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        mc:Ignorable="d">
    
        <Grid Background="Transparent">
            <StackPanel Margin="10 0 10 10">
    
                <Button Name="btnRegister" Content="注册一个后台任务" Margin="5" Click="btnRegister_Click" />
                <Button Name="btnUnregister" Content="注销指定的后台任务" Margin="5" Click="btnUnregister_Click" />
    
            </StackPanel>
        </Grid>
    </Page>

    BackgroundTask/Time.xaml.cs

    /*
     * 演示后台任务的应用(定时激活后台任务)
     * 
     * 注:
     * 1、需要引用后台任务项目,相关代码参见 BackgroundTaskLib/BackgroundTaskTime.cs
     * 2、需要在 Package.appxmanifest 添加“后台任务”声明,支持的任务类型选择“计时器”,并指定 EntryPoint(后台任务的类全名),类似如下:
     * <Extension Category="windows.backgroundTasks" EntryPoint="BackgroundTaskLib.BackgroundTaskTime">
     *   <BackgroundTasks>
     *     <Task Type="timer" />
     *   </BackgroundTasks>
     * </Extension>
     */
    
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using Windows.ApplicationModel;
    using Windows.ApplicationModel.Background;
    using Windows.Storage;
    using Windows.UI.Core;
    using Windows.UI.Popups;
    using Windows.UI.Xaml;
    using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
    using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;
    
    namespace Windows10.BackgroundTask
    {
        public sealed partial class Time : Page
        {
            // 所注册的后台任务的名称
            private string _taskName = "Time";
    
            // 所注册的后台任务的 EntryPoint,即后台任务的类全名
            private string _taskEntryPoint = "BackgroundTaskLib.BackgroundTaskTime";
    
            // 后台任务是否已在系统中注册
            private bool _taskRegistered = false;
    
            public Time()
            {
                this.InitializeComponent();
            }
    
            protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
            {
                // 遍历所有已注册的后台任务
                foreach (KeyValuePair<Guid, IBackgroundTaskRegistration> task in BackgroundTaskRegistration.AllTasks)
                {
                    if (task.Value.Name == _taskName)
                    {
                        _taskRegistered = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
    
                UpdateUI();
            }
    
            private async void btnRegister_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                // 在注册后台任务之前,需要调用 BackgroundExecutionManager.RequestAccessAsync(),如果是更新过的 app 则在之前还需要调用 BackgroundExecutionManager.RemoveAccess()
                string appVersion = $"{Package.Current.Id.Version.Major}.{Package.Current.Id.Version.Minor}.{Package.Current.Id.Version.Build}.{Package.Current.Id.Version.Revision}";
                if ((string)ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings.Values["AppVersion"] != appVersion)
                {
                    // 对于更新的 app 来说先要调用这个方法
                    BackgroundExecutionManager.RemoveAccess();
                    // 注册后台任务之前先要调用这个方法,并获取 BackgroundAccessStatus 状态
                    BackgroundAccessStatus status = await BackgroundExecutionManager.RequestAccessAsync();
                    if (status == BackgroundAccessStatus.Unspecified || status == BackgroundAccessStatus.DeniedBySystemPolicy || status == BackgroundAccessStatus.DeniedByUser)
                    {
                        // 无权限注册后台任务
    
                        await new MessageDialog("没有权限注册后台任务").ShowAsync();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // 有权限注册后台任务
    
                        ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings.Values["AppVersion"] = appVersion;
                    }
                }
    
    
                // 用于构造一个后台任务
                BackgroundTaskBuilder builder = new BackgroundTaskBuilder()
                {
                    Name = _taskName,
                    TaskEntryPoint = _taskEntryPoint
    
                };
                // 指定后台任务的触发器类型为 MaintenanceTrigger(定时激活,最小周期 15 分钟)
                builder.SetTrigger(new MaintenanceTrigger(15, false));
                // 注册后台任务
                BackgroundTaskRegistration task = builder.Register();
                
                _taskRegistered = true;
    
                UpdateUI();
            }
    
            private void btnUnregister_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                // 遍历所有已注册的后台任务
                foreach (KeyValuePair<Guid, IBackgroundTaskRegistration> task in BackgroundTaskRegistration.AllTasks)
                {
                    if (task.Value.Name == _taskName)
                    {
                        // 从系统中注销指定的后台任务。唯一一个参数代表如果当前后台任务正在运行中,是否需要将其取消
                        task.Value.Unregister(true);
                        break;
                    }
                }
    
                _taskRegistered = false;
    
                UpdateUI();
            }
    
    
            private async void UpdateUI()
            {
                await Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
                {
                    btnRegister.IsEnabled = !_taskRegistered;
                    btnUnregister.IsEnabled = _taskRegistered;
                });
            }
        }
    }



    OK
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/webabcd/p/9211724.html
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