mysql修改表、字段、库的字符集

修改数据库字符集：

ALTER DATABASE db_name DEFAULT CHARACTER SET character_name [COLLATE ...];

把表默认的字符集和所有字符列（CHAR,VARCHAR,TEXT）改为新的字符集：

ALTER TABLE tbl_name CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET character_name [COLLATE ...]
如：ALTER TABLE logtest CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

只是修改表的默认字符集：

ALTER TABLE tbl_name DEFAULT CHARACTER SET character_name [COLLATE...];
如：ALTER TABLE logtest DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

修改字段的字符集：

ALTER TABLE tbl_name CHANGE c_name c_name CHARACTER SET character_name [COLLATE ...];
如：ALTER TABLE logtest CHANGE title title VARCHAR(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

查看数据库编码：

SHOW CREATE DATABASE db_name;

查看表编码：

SHOW CREATE TABLE tbl_name;

查看字段编码：

SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM tbl_name;

实际操作：

mysql> show create table hello_publisher;
+-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table |
+-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| hello_publisher | CREATE TABLE `hello_publisher` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
`address` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`city` varchar(60) NOT NULL,
`state_province` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
`country` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`website` varchar(200) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 |
+-----------------+--------------------------------------------

mysql> alter table hello_publisher CHARACTER SET utf8 ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show create table hello_publisher;

| hello_publisher | CREATE TABLE `hello_publisher` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(30) CHARACTER SET latin1 NOT NULL,
`address` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET latin1 NOT NULL,
`city` varchar(60) CHARACTER SET latin1 NOT NULL,
`state_province` varchar(30) CHARACTER SET latin1 NOT NULL,
`country` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET latin1 NOT NULL,
`website` varchar(200) CHARACTER SET latin1 NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |

mysql> alter table hello_publisher convert to character set utf8 ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show create table hello_publisher;

hello_publisher | CREATE TABLE `hello_publisher` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
`address` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`city` varchar(60) NOT NULL,
`state_province` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
`country` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`website` varchar(200) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |

页面可以正常显示中文字符