Vue 中的动画特效
CSS 实现标签显隐
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Vue中CSS动画原理</title>
<script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root">
<div v-if="show"> hello world </div>
<button @click="handleClick">切换</button>
</div>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: "#root",
data: {
show: true,
},
methods: {
handleClick: function () {
this.show = !this.show
}
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
transition 过渡动画
如果要在vue中实现过渡动画，需要使用 transition 标签，名字可以随便取。
显示动画原理
代码案例 - 3s完成显示
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Vue中CSS动画原理</title> <script src="./vue.js"></script> <style> .fade-enter { opacity: 0; } .fade-enter-active { transition: opacity 3s; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="root"> <!-- 如果要实现过渡动画，需要使用 transition 标签，名字可以随便取,需要与css样式对应 --> <transition name="fade"> <div v-if="show"> hello world </div> </transition> <button @click="handleClick">切换</button> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: "#root", data: { show: true, }, methods: { handleClick: function () { this.show = !this.show } } }) </script> </body> </html>
隐藏动画原理
案例代码 - 隐藏
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Vue中CSS动画原理</title> <script src="./vue.js"></script> <style> .fade-enter { opacity: 0; } .fade-enter-active { transition: opacity 3s; } .fade-leave-to{ opacity: 0; } .fade-leave-active{ transition: opacity 3s; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="root"> <!-- 如果要实现过渡动画，需要使用 transition 标签，名字可以随便取,需要与css样式对应 --> <transition name="fade"> <div v-if="show"> hello world </div> </transition> <button @click="handleClick">切换</button> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: "#root", data: { show: true, }, methods: { handleClick: function () { this.show = !this.show } } }) </script> </body> </html>
代码优化
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Vue中CSS动画原理</title> <script src="./vue.js"></script> <style> .fade-enter, .fade-leave-to { opacity: 0; } .fade-enter-active, .fade-leave-active { transition: opacity 3s; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="root"> <!-- 如果要实现过渡动画，需要使用 transition 标签，名字可以随便取,需要与css样式对应 --> <transition name="fade"> <div v-if="show"> hello world </div> </transition> <button @click="handleClick">切换</button> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: "#root", data: { show: true, }, methods: { handleClick: function () { this.show = !this.show } } }) </script> </body> </html>
在Vue中使用Animate.css库
学前-代码案例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>在vue中使用Animate.css库</title>
<script src="./vue.js"></script>
<style>
@keyframes bounce-in{
0%{
transform: scale(0);
}
50%{
transform: scale(1.5);
}
100%{
transform: scale(1);
}
}
.fade-enter-active{
transform-origin: left center;
animation: bounce-in 1s;
}
.fade-leave-active {
transform-origin: left center;
/* 动画反向运行 */
animation: bounce-in 1s reverse;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root">
<!-- 如果要实现过渡动画，需要使用 transition 标签，名字可以随便取,需要与css样式对应 -->
<transition name="fade">
<div v-if="show"> hello world </div>
</transition>
<button @click="handleClick">切换</button>
</div>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: "#root",
data: {
show: true,
},
methods: {
handleClick: function () {
this.show = !this.show
}
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
在显隐过程中有放大缩小效果。
自定义动画名称
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>在vue中使用Animate.css库</title> <script src="./vue.js"></script> <style> @keyframes bounce-in { 0% { transform: scale(0); } 50% { transform: scale(1.5); } 100% { transform: scale(1); } } /* 自定义动画效果名称 */ .active { transform-origin: left center; animation: bounce-in 1s; } .leave { transform-origin: left center; /* 动画反向运行 */ animation: bounce-in 1s reverse; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="root"> <!-- 如果要实现过渡动画，需要使用 transition 标签，名字可以随便取,需要与css样式对应 --> <!-- 自定义动画名称需要声明 --> <transition name="fade" enter-active-class="active" leave-active-class="leave"> <div v-if="show"> hello world </div> </transition> <button @click="handleClick">切换</button> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: "#root", data: { show: true, }, methods: { handleClick: function () { this.show = !this.show } } }) </script> </body> </html>
Animate.css 官网
https://daneden.github.io/animate.css/
代码案例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>在vue中使用Animate.css库</title>
<script src="./vue.js"></script>
<!-- 引入css文件 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./animate.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="root">
<!-- 如果要实现过渡动画，需要使用 transition 标签，名字可以随便取,需要与css样式对应 -->
<!-- 自定义动画名称需要声明 -->
<transition name="fade" enter-active-class="animated swing" leave-active-class="animated shake">
<div v-if="show"> hello world </div>
</transition>
<button @click="handleClick">切换</button>
</div>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: "#root",
data: {
show: true,
},
methods: {
handleClick: function () {
this.show = !this.show
}
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
进入退出都会添加动画效果！
animate 使用注意事项
- 要使用自定义形式使用 animate.css。
- class类里面必须包含一个 animated 具体的类，根据需求不同，把动画效果写在后面。
在Vue中同时使用过渡和动画
appear 在刷新界面的时候也有动画
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>在Vue中同时使用过渡和动画</title>
<script src="./vue.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./animate.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="root">
<!-- 如果要实现过渡动画，需要使用 transition 标签，名字可以随便取,需要与css样式对应 -->
<!-- 自定义动画名称需要声明 -->
<transition name="fade" appear enter-active-class="animated swing" leave-active-class="animated shake" appear-active-class="animated swing">
<div v-if="show"> hello world </div>
</transition>
<button @click="handleClick">切换</button>
</div>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: "#root",
data: {
show: true,
},
methods: {
handleClick: function () {
this.show = !this.show
}
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
vue实现既有动画又有过渡效果，设置动画时长
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>在Vue中同时使用过渡和动画</title>
<script src="./vue.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./animate.css">
<style>
.fade-leave-to,
.fade-enter {
opacity: 0;
}
.fade-leave-active,
.fade-enter-active {
transition: opacity 3s;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root">
<!-- 如果要实现过渡动画，需要使用 transition 标签，名字可以随便取,需要与css样式对应 -->
<!-- 自定义动画名称需要声明 -->
<!-- type="transition" 动画时长以 transition 为准 -->
<!-- :duration="10000" 自己定义动画时长 -->
<transition
:duration="{enter:5000,leave:10000}"
name="fade" appear
enter-active-class="animated swing fade-enter-active"
leave-active-class="animated shake fade-leave-active"
appear-active-class="animated swing">
<div v-if="show"> hello world </div>
</transition>
<button @click="handleClick">切换</button>
</div>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: "#root",
data: {
show: true,
},
methods: {
handleClick: function () {
this.show = !this.show
}
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
Vue中的JS动画
@before-enter 方法
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Vue中的JS动画与Velocity.js</title>
<script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root">
<transition name="fade"
@before-enter="handleBeferEnter">
<div v-if="show"> hello world </div>
</transition>
<button @click="handleClick">切换</button>
</div>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: "#root",
data: {
show: true,
},
methods: {
handleClick: function () {
this.show = !this.show
},
handleBeferEnter:function(){
console.log("aaa")
},
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
使用js将动画标签设置为红色
handleBeferEnter:function(el){
// el参数指动画包裹的div标签
// 将动画标签设置为红色
el.style.color="red"
},
整体代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Vue中的JS动画与Velocity.js</title>
<script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root">
<transition name="fade"
@before-enter="handleBeferEnter">
<div v-if="show"> hello world </div>
</transition>
<button @click="handleClick">切换</button>
</div>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: "#root",
data: {
show: true,
},
methods: {
handleClick: function () {
this.show = !this.show
},
handleBeferEnter:function(el){
// el参数指动画包裹的div标签
// 将动画标签设置为红色
el.style.color="red"
},
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
@enter 方法
enter 使动画两秒钟后颜色变为绿色
handleEnter: function (el, dane) {
// el参数指动画包裹的div标签
// dane 是一个回调函数
setTimeout(() => {
// 两秒之后颜色变绿
el.style.color = "green"
}, 2000)
},
整体代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Vue中的JS动画与Velocity.js</title>
<script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root">
<transition name="fade" @before-enter="handleBeferEnter" @enter="handleEnter">
<div v-if="show"> hello world </div>
</transition>
<button @click="handleClick">切换</button>
</div>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: "#root",
data: {
show: true,
},
methods: {
handleClick: function () {
this.show = !this.show
},
handleBeferEnter: function (el) {
// el参数指动画包裹的div标签
// console.log("aaa")
el.style.color = "red"
},
handleEnter: function (el, dane) {
// el参数指动画包裹的div标签
// dane 是一个回调函数
setTimeout(() => {
// 两秒之后颜色变绿
el.style.color = "green"
}, 2000)
},
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
结束之后手动调用一下done，标识动画执行完成了，done 被调用完之后，会触发一个事件，叫 @after-enter
handleEnter: function (el, done) {
// el参数指动画包裹的div标签
// done 是一个回调函数
setTimeout(() => {
// 两秒之后颜色变绿
el.style.color = "green"
// 结束之后手动调用一下done，标识动画执行完成了
// done 被调用完之后，会触发一个事件，叫 @after-enter
done
}, 2000)
@after-enter 方法
handleAfterEnter:function(el){
// 动画结束之后字体颜色重新变为黑色
el.style.color='#000'
},
整体代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Vue中的JS动画与Velocity.js</title>
<script src="./vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root">
<transition name="fade"
@before-enter="handleBeferEnter"
@enter="handleEnter"
@after-enter="handleAfterEnter">
<div v-if="show"> hello world </div>
</transition>
<button @click="handleClick">切换</button>
</div>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: "#root",
data: {
show: true,
},
methods: {
handleClick: function () {
this.show = !this.show
},
handleBeferEnter: function (el) {
// el参数指动画包裹的div标签
// console.log("aaa")
el.style.color = "red"
},
handleEnter: function (el, done) {
// el参数指动画包裹的div标签
// done 是一个回调函数
setTimeout(() => {
// 两秒之后颜色变绿
el.style.color = "green"
}, 2000)
// 四秒之后结束动画
setTimeout(()=>{
// 结束之后手动调用一下done，标识动画执行完成了
done()
},4000)
},
handleAfterEnter:function(el){
// 动画结束之后字体颜色重新变为黑色
el.style.color='#000'
},
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
出场动画对应的为：@befer-leave | @leave | @after-leave
使用方法和上边提到的 enter 入场动画的使用方法相同，在此就不在累述。
js常用的动画库 - Velocity.js
案例代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Vue中的JS动画与Velocity.js</title>
<script src="./vue.js"></script>
<!-- 引入js动画库 -->
<script src="./velocity.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root">
<transition name="fade" @before-enter="handleBeferEnter" @enter="handleEnter" @after-enter="handleAfterEnter">
<div v-if="show"> hello world </div>
</transition>
<button @click="handleClick">切换</button>
</div>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: "#root",
data: {
show: true,
},
methods: {
handleClick: function () {
this.show = !this.show
},
handleBeferEnter: function (el) {
el.style.opacity = 0;
},
handleEnter: function (el, done) {
// 使用Velocity实现动画。
// 第一个参数指 添加动画的对象 el标签。
// 第二个参数指 动画效果，这里是设置透明度为1.
// 第三个参数指 动画的时间，这里设置的1s。
Velocity(el, { opacity: 1 }, {
duration: 1000,
// 表示Velocity对应的动画执行完成之后，complete对应的函数done回调函数自动执行，意思为动画执行完成
complete:done
})
},
handleAfterEnter: function (el) {
console.log('动画结束！')
},
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
Vue中的多个元素或组件的过渡
多个元素的过渡动画
实现点击按钮两个标签来回切换
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Vue中多个元素或组件的过渡-元素</title> <script src="./vue.js"></script> <!-- 引入js动画库 --> <script src="./velocity.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="root"> <!-- 如果要实现过渡动画，需要使用 transition 标签，名字可以随便取,需要与css样式对应 --> <transition name="fade"> <div v-if="show">Hello World </div> <div v-else >Bye World</div> </transition> <button @click="handleClick">toggle</button> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: "#root", data: { show: true, }, methods: { handleClick: function () { this.show = !this.show } } }) </script> </body> </html>
多个元素加入渐隐渐现动画
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Vue中多个元素或组件的过渡-元素</title> <script src="./vue.js"></script> <!-- 引入js动画库 --> <!-- <script src="./velocity.js"></script> --> <style> .v-enter,.v-leave-to{ opacity: 0; } .v-enter-active,.v-leave-active{ transition: opacity 1s; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="root"> <!-- 如果要实现过渡动画，需要使用 transition 标签，名字可以随便取,需要与css样式对应 --> <transition> <!-- key值防止dom复用，导致动画失效 --> <div v-if="show" key="hello">Hello World </div> <div v-else key="bye">Bye World</div> </transition> <button @click="handleClick">toggle</button> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: "#root", data: { show: true, }, methods: { handleClick: function () { this.show = !this.show } } }) </script> </body> </html>
<!-- mode="in-out" 使得元素先进入在隐藏 也可以写 “out-in”先隐藏在进入 -->
<transition mode="in-out">
<!-- key值防止dom复用，导致动画失效 -->
<div v-if="show" key="hello">Hello World </div>
<div v-else key="bye">Bye World</div>
</transition>
需要进入的元素进入完成在隐藏该消失的元素。
实现组件间的动画效果
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Vue中多个元素或组件的过渡-组件</title> <script src="./vue.js"></script> <!-- 引入js动画库 --> <!-- <script src="./velocity.js"></script> --> <style> .v-enter, .v-leave-to { opacity: 0; } .v-enter-active, .v-leave-active { transition: opacity 1s; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="root"> <transition mode="in-out"> <!-- 动态组件 --> <component :is="type"></component> </transition> <button @click="handleClick">toggle</button> </div> <script> Vue.component('child', { template: '<div>child</div>' }) Vue.component('child-one', { template: '<div>child-one</div>' }) var vm = new Vue({ el: "#root", data: { type: 'child', }, methods: { handleClick: function () { this.type = this.type === 'child' ? 'child-one' : 'child' } } }) </script> </body> </html>
Vue中的列表过渡
transition-group 标签实现列表动画
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>VUE中的列表过渡</title>
<script src="./vue.js"></script>
<style>
.v-enter,.v-leave-to{
opacity: 0;
}
.v-enter-active,.v-leave-active{
transition: opacity 1s;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root">
<!-- transition-group 用于列表的动画 -->
<transition-group>
<div v-for="item of list" :key="item.id">
{{item.title}}
</div>
</transition-group>
<button @click="handleBtnClick">Add</button>
</div>
<script>
var count = 0;
var vm = new Vue({
el: "#root",
data: {
list: []
},
methods: {
handleBtnClick: function () {
this.list.push({
id: count++,
title: 'hello world'
})
},
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
Vue中的动画封装
案例1 动画封装
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Vue中动画的封装</title> <script src="./vue.js"></script> <style> .fade-enter,.fade-leave-to { opacity: 0; } .fade-enter-active,.fade-leave-active { transition: opacity 1s; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="root"> <fade :show="show"> <div v-if="show"> hello Vue </div> </fade> <button @click="handleClick">切换</button> </div> <script> Vue.component('fade',{ props:['show'], template:` <transition name="fade"> <slot v-if="show"></slot> </transition> ` }) var vm = new Vue({ el: "#root", data: { show: true, }, methods: { handleClick: function () { this.show = !this.show } } }) </script> </body> </html>
案例2 封装动画的使用
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Vue中动画的封装</title> <script src="./vue.js"></script> <style> .fade-enter, .fade-leave-to { opacity: 0; } .fade-enter-active, .fade-leave-active { transition: opacity 1s; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="root"> <fade :show="show"> <div v-if="show"> hello Vue </div> </fade> <fade :show="show"> <h2 v-if="show"> hello javascript </h2> </fade> <button @click="handleClick">切换</button> </div> <script> Vue.component('fade', { props: ['show'], template: ` <transition name="fade"> <slot v-if="show"></slot> </transition> ` }) var vm = new Vue({ el: "#root", data: { show: true, }, methods: { handleClick: function () { this.show = !this.show } } }) </script> </body> </html>
案例3 封装CSS动画
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Vue中动画的封装</title> <script src="./vue.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="root"> <fade :show="show"> <div v-if="show"> hello Vue </div> </fade> <fade :show="show"> <h2 v-if="show"> hello javascript </h2> </fade> <button @click="handleClick">切换</button> </div> <script> Vue.component('fade', { props: ['show'], template: ` <transition name="fade" @before-enter="handleBeforeEnter" @enter="handleEnter"> <slot v-if="show"></slot> </transition> `, methods:{ handleBeforeEnter:function(el){ el.style.color = 'red' }, handleEnter:function(el,done){ setTimeout(()=>{ el.style.color = 'green' done() },2000) } } }) var vm = new Vue({ el: "#root", data: { show: true, }, methods: { handleClick: function () { this.show = !this.show } } }) </script> </body> </html>
Vue 官网
更多知识点进Vue官网：https://cn.vuejs.org/
Vue官方文档：https://cn.vuejs.org/v2/guide/
进入/离开 & 列表过渡：https://cn.vuejs.org/v2/guide/transitions.html