iOS 开发之定位与苹果地图
1.LBS开发
需求： 社交类应用 , 购物类 , 旅游类。。。
功能： 定位、地图
官方提供：定位与地图（国内使用的高德的数据）
第三方：高德，百度，搜搜，腾讯，谷歌地图。。。
2.地理定位
2.1 库的配置
/*****地图定位*****/ //LBS --> Location Based Service //1.配置库 --> CoreLocation.framework (系统的) // --> #import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
2.2 定位功能
定义一个CLLocationManager对象，设置代理，
检测定位服务是否可用-->设置属性，开始定位
iOS8.0及以上需添加授权-->
info.plist -NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription
NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription
//2.定位（获取经纬度信息） _manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init]; _manager.delegate = self; //delegate [self testLocation];
#pragma mark - 2.实现定位 -(void)testLocation{ //检测定位服务是否可用（重要） --> iphone 有,ipad 不一定有 if(![CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled]){ NSLog(@"定位服务不可用"); return; }
//请求定位权限（Xcode6和iOS中使用） if([UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion.doubleValue >= 8.0){ //获取当前版本 8.0以上 [_manager requestAlwaysAuthorization]; //授权（always一旦授权，一直授权） }
//设置 _manager.distanceFilter = 10; //设置距离过滤器，距离变化时通知的敏感程度 _manager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBestForNavigation; //设置希望定位的精度 //开始定位 [_manager startUpdatingLocation]; //设置代理 } #pragma mark CLLocationManagerDelegate //CLLocationManagerDelegate -(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateLocations:(NSArray *)locations{ //获取位置 CLLocation *location = manager.location; //获取经纬度 CLLocationCoordinate2D(结构体) CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = location.coordinate; // NSLog(@"long = %f, lat = %f",coordinate.longitude,coordinate.latitude); //经纬度 }
2.3获取方向
检测方向服务是否可用-->开启方向服务-->设置代理
#pragma mark - 3.获取方向 -(void)testHeading{ if(![CLLocationManager headingAvailable]){ NSLog(@"方向服务不可用"); //只能真机测试 return; } //开启方向服务 [_manager startUpdatingHeading]; } //delegate -(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateHeading:(CLHeading *)newHeading{ // * Range: // * 0.0 - 359.9 degrees, 0 being true North NSLog(@"地理方向 : %f",newHeading.trueHeading); NSLog(@"地磁方向 : %f",newHeading.magneticHeading); // 360/16 = 22.5 NSLog(@"%d",(int)(newHeading.trueHeading/22.5)); //... }
2.4 地址编码，地址反编码
#pragma mark - 4.地址编码与地址反编码 -(void)testGeoCoder{ //通过地理位置获取经纬度 --- 地址编码（地理位置--> 经纬度） //注意: 国家标准规定，涉及到地图的经纬度都要经过加密 ， // 苹果定位 定位到的地址不能直接用在苹果中 --> 火星地址 // 谷歌地球，苹果定位取到的是国际标准地址 CLGeocoder *geoCoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc] init]; [geoCoder geocodeAddressString:@"dizhi" completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks, NSError *error) { //取出地址placemask for(CLPlacemark *placemask in placemarks){ NSLog(@"mask = %@",placemask); NSLog(@"%@ %@ %@ %f %f",placemask.country,placemask.locality,placemask.subLocality,placemask.location.coordinate.longitude,placemask.location.coordinate.latitude); //country,city,区,经度,纬度 } }]; //地址反编码，通过经纬度获取地理位置 CLLocation *location = [[CLLocation alloc] initWithLatitude:23.177194 longitude:113.339485]; CLGeocoder *reverseGeocoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc] init]; [reverseGeocoder reverseGeocodeLocation:location completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks, NSError *error) { NSLog(@" 地址反编码 "); for(CLPlacemark *placemask in placemarks){ NSLog(@"mask = %@",placemask); NSLog(@"%@ %@ %@ %f %f",placemask.country,placemask.locality,placemask.subLocality,placemask.location.coordinate.longitude,placemask.location.coordinate.latitude); //country,city,区,经度,纬度 } }]; }
3.苹果地图
- (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. /*****************AppleMap使用********************************/ //1.配置 -- MapKit.framework //2.创建、显示 --MKMapView *_mapView; <MKMapViewDelegate> _mapView = [[MKMapView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds]; _mapView.delegate = self; [self.view addSubview:_mapView]; //3.地图的基本设置 [self mapConfig]; //4.地图标记功能(添加大头针) -- 长按添加 UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(dealLongPress:)]; [_mapView addGestureRecognizer:longPress]; //4.1 大头针的定制 //代理 //-(MKAnnotationView *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView viewForAnnotation:(id<MKAnnotation>)annotation; //4.2大头针的高级定制 -- @class ImageAnnotationView : MKAnnotationView //5.地图覆盖物Overlay // MKCircle *circle = [MKCircle circleWithCenterCoordinate:CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(23.1777194, 113.339485) radius:200]; [_mapView addOverlay:circle]; }
#pragma mark - 3.设置地图 -(void)mapConfig{ //设置地图的类型 _mapView.mapType = MKMapTypeHybrid; _mapView.region = MKCoordinateRegionMake(CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(23.177194, 113.339485), MKCoordinateSpanMake(0.01, 0.01)); //设置显示区域region // _mapView.centerCoordinate //设置中心位置 _mapView.showsUserLocation = YES; //显示用户的位置 --> 设置定位当前地址 // _mapView.userLocation //获取当前用户的位置 // _mapView.userTrackingMode //设置跟随模式 }
#pragma mark - 4.长按点击 -(void)dealLongPress:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)longPress{ if(longPress.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan){ //添加大头针--先获取点击位置 CGPoint point = [longPress locationInView:_mapView]; //经纬度 CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = [_mapView convertPoint:point toCoordinateFromView:_mapView]; //添加大头针 annotation注释 MKPointAnnotation *annotation = [[MKPointAnnotation alloc] init]; annotation.coordinate = coordinate; annotation.title = @"我是title"; annotation.subtitle = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"位置时: %f %f",coordinate.longitude,coordinate.latitude]; [_mapView addAnnotation:annotation]; } }
#pragma mark - 定义大头针（类似UITableViewCell *） -(MKAnnotationView *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView viewForAnnotation:(id<MKAnnotation>)annotation{ //加入复用机制 static NSString *annotationId = @"annotation"; //系统的大头针MKPinAnnotationView MKPinAnnotationView *pin = (MKPinAnnotationView *)[mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:annotationId]; if(!pin){ pin = [[MKPinAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:annotationId]; } //设置大头针 color pin.pinColor = MKPinAnnotationColorPurple; //color pin.animatesDrop = YES; //设置掉落效果 pin.canShowCallout = YES; //显示注释框 UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 44, 44)]; imageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"u=2222741951,1334421495&fm=58.jpeg"]; pin.leftCalloutAccessoryView = imageView; //left View UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeInfoLight]; button.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 44, 44); [button addTarget:self action:@selector(dealTouch:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; pin.rightCalloutAccessoryView = button; //right View return pin; }
#pragma mark - 自定义大头针--协议 //delegate -(MKAnnotationView *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView viewForAnnotation:(id<MKAnnotation>)annotation{ //加入复用机制 static NSString *annotationId = @"annotation"; //系统的大头针MKPinAnnotationView ImageAnnotationView *pin = (ImageAnnotationView *)[mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:annotationId]; if(!pin){ pin = [[ImageAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:annotationId]; }// UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 44, 44)]; imageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"u=2222741951,1334421495&fm=58.jpeg"]; pin.leftCalloutAccessoryView = imageView; //left View UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeInfoLight]; button.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 44, 44); [button addTarget:self action:@selector(dealTouch:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; pin.rightCalloutAccessoryView = button; //right View return pin; }
#pragma mark - 5.地图覆盖物Overlay //- (MKOverlayRenderer *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView rendererForOverlay:(id <MKOverlay>)overlay NS_AVAILABLE(10_9, 7_0); //iOS8 //以下协议iOS8.0以上不能用 -(MKOverlayView *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView viewForOverlay:(id<MKOverlay>)overlay{ MKCircleView *view = [[MKCircleView alloc] initWithOverlay:overlay]; view.fillColor = [[UIColor blueColor] colorWithAlphaComponent:0.2]; //填充色 view.strokeColor = [[UIColor cyanColor] colorWithAlphaComponent:0.3]; //圆的颜色 view.lineWidth = 1; return view; }