Q4：Median of Two Sorted Arrays

4. Median of Two Sorted Arrays

官方的链接：4. Median of Two Sorted Arrays

Description ：

There are two sorted arrays nums1 and nums2 of size m and n respectively.

Find the median of the two sorted arrays. The overall run time complexity should be O(log (m+n)).

Example1:

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nums1 = [1, 3]

nums2 = [2]

The median is 2.0

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Example2:

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nums1 = [1, 2]
nums2 = [3, 4]

The median is (2 + 3)/2 = 2.5

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问题描述

给定长度分别为m和n的两个排序数组nums1和nums2，在时间复杂度O(log (m+n))内算出数组的中位数

思路

两个有序数组的中位数和Top K问题类似。这里从小到大直接定位第k个，简单理解为从nums1中获取第i个，而从nums2中获取第j=k-i个，其中i=0~k。当定位到nums[i-1]<=nums2[j]和nums[j-1]<=nums[i]即完成，当然还有边界问题。

把中位数也当作是top k问题，最后进行奇偶判断。详情可参考这里Share my O(log(min(m,n)) solution with explanation，代码也是借鉴的。

值得注意的是几个边界判断问题，比如i为0或者m，j为0或者n。

[github-here]

public class Q4_MedianOfTwoSortedArrays {
    public double findMedianSortedArrays(int[] nums1, int[] nums2) {

        int m = nums1.length;
        int n = nums2.length;
        // make sure that m <= n
        if (m > n) {
            return findMedianSortedArrays(nums2, nums1);
        }
        // n>=m,i = 0 ~ m,so j = (m + n + 1) / 2 -i > 0.
        int i = 0, j = 0, imax = m, imin = 0, halfLen = (m + n + 1) / 2;
        int maxLeft = 0, minRight = 0;
        while (imin <= imax) {
            i = (imin + imax) / 2;
            j = halfLen - i;
            if (i < m && nums2[j - 1] > nums1[i]) {
                imin = i + 1;
            } else if (i > 0 && nums1[i - 1] > nums2[j]) {
                imax = i - 1;
            } else {
                if (i == 0) {
                    //the target is in nums2
                    maxLeft = nums2[j - 1];
                } else if (j == 0) {
                    //the target is in nums1
                    maxLeft =  nums1[i - 1];
                } else {
                    maxLeft = Math.max(nums1[i - 1], nums2[j - 1]);
                }
                break;
            }
        }
        //odd
        if ((m + n) % 2 == 1) {
            return (double)maxLeft;
        }
        //even
        if (i == m) {
            //nums1 is out of index m
            minRight = nums2[j];
        } else if (j == n) {
            //nums2 is out of index n
            minRight = nums1[i];
        } else {
            //others
            minRight = Math.min(nums1[i], nums2[j]);
        }
        return (double) (maxLeft + minRight) / 2;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Q4_MedianOfTwoSortedArrays().findMedianSortedArrays(new int[] { 1, 3 }, new int[] { 2 });

    }
}