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  • Spring动态代理及Spring Bean的生命周期

    数组添加值

    public class DiTest {
        /**
         * 数组
         */
        private String [] arrays;
    
        /**
         * List:集合
         */
        private List<Integer> lists;
    
        /**
         * Set:   无序集合
         */
        private Set<String> sets;
    
        /**
         * Map
         */
        private Map<String,Object> maps;
    
        /**
         * 配置
         */
        private Properties properties;

    首先先编写一个applicationContextList.xml大配置文件

    然后在到大配置里面配置实体类名

    <bean id="diTest" class="com.wdkseft.entity.DiTest">


    数组(arrays)

    <!--数组-->
    <property name="arrays">
        <array>
            <value>呵呵</value>
            <value>啦啦</value>
        </array>
    </property>

    List

    <!--list-->
    <property name="lists">
        <list>
            <value>18</value>
            <value>19</value>
        </list>
    </property>

    Set

    <!--set-->
    <property name="sets">
        <set>
            <value>ashdads</value>
            <value>ajfiasdj</value>
        </set>
    </property>

    Map

    <!--Map-->
    <property name="maps">
        <map>
            <entry key="name" value="lll"></entry>
            <entry key="age" value="18"></entry>
        </map>
    </property>

    properties

    <!--properties-->
    <property name="properties">
        <props>
            <prop key="jdbc.drver">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prop>
            <prop key="jdbc.username">root</prop>
        </props>
    </property>

    单步执行

    @Test
    public void List(){
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContextList.xml");
        DiTest diTest = (DiTest) ctx.getBean("diTest");
        System.out.println(diTest.toString());
    }

    静态代理

      首先先声明一个主题

    /**
     * 抽象主题:真实业务接口
     */
    public interface Subject {
        void doSome();
    }

      然后声明一个真实的主题   生成真实主题的方法

    //真实主题
    private Subject subject=new RealSubject();
    public class ProxySubject implements Subject {
        //真实主题
        private Subject subject=new RealSubject();
        @Override
        public void doSome() {
            //aop思想:增强
            System.out.println("前置增强==========");
            subject.doSome();
            System.out.println("后置增强==========");
        }
    }

    5.使用多种方式实现AOP

      Spring AOP实现原理:动态代理

    5.1 JDK动态代理

    JDK动态代理所用到的代理类在程序调用到代理类对象时才由JVM真正创建JVM根据传进来的 业务实现类对象 以及 方法名 ,动态地创建了一个代理类的class文件并被字节码引擎执行,然后通过该代理类对象进行方法调用

    /**
     * 真实主题:将雨业务代码封装到这里
     */
    public class RealSubject implements Subject {
        @Override
        public void doSome() {
            System.out.println("==============真实业务=============");
        }
    }

    2. 调用接口

    public class ProxySubject implements Subject {
        //真实主题
        private Subject subject=new RealSubject();
        @Override
        public void doSome() {
            //aop思想:增强
            System.out.println("前置增强==========");
            subject.doSome();
            System.out.println("后置增强==========");
        }
    }

    单步执行

    @Test
    public void Spring(){
        ProxySubject proxySubject = new ProxySubject();
        proxySubject.doSome();
    }

    5.2 CGLIB动态代理

        CGLIB是针对类来实现代理的,原理是对指定的业务类生成一个子类,并覆盖其中业务方法实现代理。因为采用的是继承,所以不能对final修饰的类进行代理JDK动态代理的基础之上新建新的代理工厂Bean

    /**
     * 业务类
     */
    public class IService {
        public void doSome(){
            System.out.println("我是实现业务的方法");
        }
    }

    编写测试类

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //CGLIB动态代理(当前项目必须有CGLIB的支持)
    
        //步骤一:目标对象
        final IService iService=new IService();
        //步骤二:通过CGLIB提供的Enhancer类生成代理
        Enhancer enhancer=new Enhancer();
        //步骤三:指定需要代理的目标对象模板(将目标对象放入到代理工厂当中,生成代理对象)
        enhancer.setSuperclass(iService.getClass());
        //步骤四:实现增强的处理操作
        enhancer.setCallback(new MethodInterceptor() {
            /**
             *
             * @param o             目标对象
             * @param method        目标对象的方法
             * @param objects       目标对象方法内的参数
             * @param methodProxy   代理目标对象方法
             * @return
             * @throws Throwable
             */
            @Override
            public Object intercept(Object o, Method method, Object[] objects, MethodProxy methodProxy) throws Throwable {
                System.out.println("前置");
    
                Object invoke = methodProxy.invoke(iService, objects);
                System.out.println("后置");
                return invoke;
            }
        });
    //最后一步:创建代理
    IService iServiceProxy = (IService)enhancer.create();
    iServiceProxy.doSome();

    6.Spring Bean的生命周期

    6.1生命周期流程图:

    Spring Bean的完整生命周期从创建Spring容器开始,直到最终Spring容器销毁Bean,这其中包含了一系列关键点。

      

     若容器注册了以上各种接口,程序那么将会按照以上的流程进行。下面将仔细讲解各接口作用。

     

    6.2各种接口方法分类

    Bean的完整生命周期经历了各种方法调用,这些方法可以划分为以下几类:

    1、Bean自身的方法:这个包括了Bean本身调用的方法和通过配置文件中<bean>的init-method和destroy-method指定的方法

    2、Bean级生命周期接口方法:这个包括了BeanNameAware、BeanFactoryAware、InitializingBean和DiposableBean这些接口的方法

    3、容器级生命周期接口方法:这个包括了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 和 BeanPostProcessor 这两个接口实现,一般称它们的实现类为“后处理器”。

    4、工厂后处理器接口方法:这个包括了AspectJWeavingEnabler, ConfigurationClassPostProcessor, CustomAutowireConfigurer等等非常有用的工厂后处理器  接口的方法。工厂后处理器也是容器级的。在应用上下文装配配置文件之后立即调用。

    6.3演示


    1、首先是一个简单的Spring Bean,调用Bean自身的方法和Bean级生命周期接口方法,为了方便演示,它实现了BeanNameAware、BeanFactoryAware、InitializingBean和DiposableBean这4个接口,同时有2个方法,对应配置文件中<bean>的init-method和destroy-method。如下:

    /**
     * @author qsk
     */
    public class Person implements BeanFactoryAware, BeanNameAware,
            InitializingBean, DisposableBean {
        private String name;
        private String address;
        private int phone;
        private BeanFactory beanFactory;
        private String beanName;
        public Person() {
            System.out.println("【构造器】调用Person的构造器实例化");
        }
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
        public void setName(String name) {
            System.out.println("【注入属性】注入属性name");
            this.name = name;
        }
        public String getAddress() {
            return address;
        }
        public void setAddress(String address) {
            System.out.println("【注入属性】注入属性address");
            this.address = address;
        }
        public int getPhone() {
            return phone;
        }
        public void setPhone(int phone) {
            System.out.println("【注入属性】注入属性phone");
            this.phone = phone;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Person [address=" + address + ", name=" + name + ", phone="+ phone + "]";
        }
        // 这是BeanFactoryAware接口方法
        @Override
        public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory arg0) throws BeansException {
            System.out.println("【BeanFactoryAware接口】调用BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()");
            this.beanFactory = arg0;
        }
    
        // 这是BeanNameAware接口方法
        @Override
        public void setBeanName(String arg0) {
            System.out.println("【BeanNameAware接口】调用BeanNameAware.setBeanName()");
            this.beanName = arg0;
        }
    
        // 这是InitializingBean接口方法
        @Override
        public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
            System.out
                    .println("【InitializingBean接口】调用InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()");
        }
    
        // 这是DiposibleBean接口方法
        @Override
        public void destroy() throws Exception {
            System.out.println("【DiposibleBean接口】调用DiposibleBean.destory()");
        }
    
        // 通过<bean>的init-method属性指定的初始化方法
        public void myInit() {
            System.out.println("【init-method】调用<bean>的init-method属性指定的初始化方法");
        }
    
        // 通过<bean>的destroy-method属性指定的初始化方法
        public void myDestory() {
            System.out.println("【destroy-method】调用<bean>的destroy-method属性指定的初始化方法");
        }
    }

    2、接下来是演示BeanPostProcessor接口的方法,如下:

    package springBeanTest;
    import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;
    public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
        public MyBeanPostProcessor() {
            super();
            System.out.println("这是BeanPostProcessor实现类构造器!!");
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }
        @Override
        public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object arg0, String arg1)
                throws BeansException {
            System.out
            .println("BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessAfterInitialization对属性进行更改!");
            return arg0;
        }
    
        @Override
        public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object arg0, String arg1)
                throws BeansException {
            System.out
            .println("BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessBeforeInitialization对属性进行更改!");
            return arg0;
        }
    }

    如上,BeanPostProcessor接口包括2个方法postProcessAfterInitialization和postProcessBeforeInitialization,这两个方法的第一个参数都是要处理的Bean对象,第二个参数都是Bean的name。返回值也都是要处理的Bean对象。这里要注意

    3、InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 接口本质是BeanPostProcessor的子接口,一般我们继承Spring为其提供的适配器类InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor Adapter来使用它,如下:

    package springBeanTest;
    
    import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
    import org.springframework.beans.PropertyValues;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter;
    
    public class MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor extends
            InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter {
    
        public MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor() {
            super();
            System.out
                    .println("这是InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter实现类构造器!!");
        }
    
        // 接口方法、实例化Bean之前调用
        @Override
        public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class beanClass,
                String beanName) throws BeansException {
            System.out
                    .println("InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法");
            return null;
        }
    
        // 接口方法、实例化Bean之后调用
        @Override
        public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
                throws BeansException {
            System.out
                    .println("InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用postProcessAfterInitialization方法");
            return bean;
        }
    
        // 接口方法、设置某个属性时调用
        @Override
        public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs,
                PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName)
                throws BeansException {
            System.out
                    .println("InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用postProcessPropertyValues方法");
            return pvs;
        }
    }

    这个有3个方法,其中第二个方法postProcessAfterInitialization就是重写了BeanPostProcessor的方法。第三个方法postProcessPropertyValues用来操作属性,返回值也应该是PropertyValues对象。 

    package springBeanTest;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanFactoryPostProcessor;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;
    
    public class MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
        public MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor() {
            super();
            System.out.println("这是BeanFactoryPostProcessor实现类构造器!!");
        }
    
        @Override
        public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory arg0)
                throws BeansException {
            System.out
                    .println("BeanFactoryPostProcessor调用postProcessBeanFactory方法");
            BeanDefinition bd = arg0.getBeanDefinition("person");
            bd.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue("phone", "110");
        }
    
    }

    5、配置文件如下beans.xml,很简单,使用ApplicationContext,处理器不用手动注册:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd">
    
        <bean id="beanPostProcessor" class="springBeanTest.MyBeanPostProcessor">
        </bean>
    
        <bean id="instantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor" class="springBeanTest.MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor">
        </bean>
    
        <bean id="beanFactoryPostProcessor" class="springBeanTest.MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor">
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="person" class="springBeanTest.Person" init-method="myInit"
            destroy-method="myDestory" scope="singleton" p:name="张三" p:address="广州"
            p:phone="15900000000" />
    
    </beans>

    6、下面测试一下:

    package springBeanTest;
    
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
    
    public class BeanLifeCycle {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
    
            System.out.println("现在开始初始化容器");
            
            ApplicationContext factory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("springBeanTest/beans.xml");
            System.out.println("容器初始化成功");    
            //得到Preson,并使用
            Person person = factory.getBean("person",Person.class);
            System.out.println(person);
            
            System.out.println("现在开始关闭容器!");
            ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)factory).registerShutdownHook();
        }
    }

    关闭容器使用的是实际是AbstractApplicationContext的钩子方法。
    我们来看一下结果:

    现在开始初始化容器
    2014-5-18 15:46:20 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
    信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@19a0c7c: startup date [Sun May 18 15:46:20 CST 2014]; root of context hierarchy
    2014-5-18 15:46:20 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
    信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [springBeanTest/beans.xml]
    这是BeanFactoryPostProcessor实现类构造器!!
    BeanFactoryPostProcessor调用postProcessBeanFactory方法
    这是BeanPostProcessor实现类构造器!!
    这是InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter实现类构造器!!
    2014-5-18 15:46:20 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons
    信息: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@9934d4: defining beans [beanPostProcessor,instantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor,beanFactoryPostProcessor,person]; root of factory hierarchy
    InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法
    【构造器】调用Person的构造器实例化
    InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用postProcessPropertyValues方法
    【注入属性】注入属性address
    【注入属性】注入属性name
    【注入属性】注入属性phone
    【BeanNameAware接口】调用BeanNameAware.setBeanName()
    【BeanFactoryAware接口】调用BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()
    BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessBeforeInitialization对属性进行更改!
    【InitializingBean接口】调用InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()
    【init-method】调用<bean>的init-method属性指定的初始化方法
    BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessAfterInitialization对属性进行更改!
    InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor调用postProcessAfterInitialization方法
    容器初始化成功
    Person [address=广州, name=张三, phone=110]
    现在开始关闭容器!
    【DiposibleBean接口】调用DiposibleBean.destory()

    @Test
    public void Spring(){
        ProxySubject proxySubject = new ProxySubject();
        proxySubject.doSome();
    }

     

    后几种动态代理

     

      前置增强

     

        首先需要主题对象

    public interface IdomSomeService {
        void doSome();
    }
    /**
     * 原始对象
     */
    public class IdoSomeServiceImpl implements IdomSomeService {
        @Override
        public void doSome() {
            System.out.println("=========真实事物=========");
        }
    }

    工厂代理类(实现了MethodBeforeAdvice):

    public class MyBeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
        @Override
        public void before(Method method, Object[] objects, Object o) throws Throwable {
            System.out.println("=============前置增强=============");
        }
    }

    创建applicationContext.xml大配置文件进行增强操作

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!--注入业务Bean-->
        <bean id="idomSomeService" class="cn.cglib.IdoSomeServiceImpl"></bean>
        <!--增强:切面-->
        <bean id="myBeforeAdvice" class="cn.cglib.MyBeforeAdvice"></bean>
        <!--使用代理工厂实现增强   -->
        <bean id="proxyFactory" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
            <!--ProxyFactoryBean    将增强和业务织到一起-->
            <property name="target" ref="idomSomeService"></property>
            <!--拦截增强类-->
            <property name="interceptorNames" value="myBeforeAdvice"></property>
            <!--更换代理方式
            proxyTargetClass默认值为false默认 是jdk动态代理,
            但是当目标对象没有接口时,自动改为cglib-->
            <property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true"></property>
        </bean>
    </beans>

    实现类

    public void cglib(){
            ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
            IdoSomeServiceImpl idoSomeService = (IdoSomeServiceImpl)ctx.getBean("proxyFactory");
            idoSomeService.doSome();
        }

    环绕式增强

    public interface IdomSomeService {
        void doSome();
    }
    /**
     * 原始对象
     */
    public class IdoSomeServiceImpl implements IdomSomeService {
        @Override
        public void doSome() {
            System.out.println("=========真实事物=========");
        }
    }

    创建工厂类   实现了MethodInterceptor接口

    public class MyBeforeAdvice implements MethodInterceptor {
        @Override
        public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
            System.out.println("========环绕前========");
            //调用核心业务方法     也可以获取方法内的参数    也可以获取目标对象
            Object proceed = invocation.proceed();
            Object aThis = invocation.getThis();
            System.out.println(aThis);
            System.out.println("========环绕后========");
            return proceed;
        }
    }

    创建applicationContextHuan.xml大配置文件进行增强操作:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!--注入业务Bean-->
        <bean id="idomSomeService" class="cn.cglib_huan.IdoSomeServiceImpl"></bean>
        <!--增强:切面-->
        <bean id="myBeforeAdvice" class="cn.cglib_huan.MyBeforeAdvice"></bean>
        <!--使用代理工厂实现增强   -->
        <bean id="proxyFactory" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
            <!--ProxyFactoryBean    将增强和业务织到一起-->
            <property name="target" ref="idomSomeService"></property>
            <!--拦截增强类-->
            <property name="interceptorNames" value="myBeforeAdvice"></property>
            <!--更换代理方式
            proxyTargetClass默认值为false默认 是jdk动态代理,
            但是当目标对象没有接口时,自动改为cglib-->
            <property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true"></property>
        </bean>
    </beans>

    实现类与实现结果

    @Test
    public void cglibHuan(){
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContextHuan.xml");
        IdoSomeServiceImpl idoSomeService = (IdoSomeServiceImpl)ctx.getBean("proxyFactory");
        idoSomeService.doSome();
    }

    异常增强

    public interface IdomSomeService {
        void doSome() throws Exception;
    }
    /**
     * 原始对象
     */
    public class IdoSomeServiceImpl implements IdomSomeService {
        @Override
        public void doSome() throws Exception {
            int i =5/0;
            System.out.println("=========真实事物=========");
        }
    }

    创建工厂类      实现ThrowsAdvice接口 

    public class MyBeforeAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice {
    
        public void afterThrowing(Exception ex){
            System.out.println("发生异常");
        }
    }

    创建applicationContextExection.xml大配置文件进行增强操作:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!--注入业务Bean-->
        <bean id="idomSomeService" class="cn.cglib_exception.IdoSomeServiceImpl"></bean>
        <!--增强:切面-->
        <bean id="myBeforeAdvice" class="cn.cglib_exception.MyBeforeAdvice"></bean>
        <!--使用代理工厂实现增强   -->
        <bean id="proxyFactory" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
            <!--ProxyFactoryBean    将增强和业务织到一起-->
            <property name="target" ref="idomSomeService"></property>
            <!--拦截增强类-->
            <property name="interceptorNames" value="myBeforeAdvice"></property>
            <!--更换代理方式
            proxyTargetClass默认值为false默认 是jdk动态代理,
            但是当目标对象没有接口时,自动改为cglib-->
            <property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true"></property>
        </bean>
    </beans>

    相当于把异常抛出去,让代码继续执行

    执行类

    @Test
        public void Text() {
           ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContextEx.xml");
           IdoSomeServiceImpl proxyFactory = (IdoSomeServiceImpl)ctx.getBean("proxyFactory");
           try {
               proxyFactory.doSome();
           } catch (Exception e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
           System.out.println("23456123456");
       }

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ws1149939228/p/11752705.html
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