HTTP Compression <httpCompression> ,IIS 内容压缩，静态、动态内容压缩 设置

http://www.iis.net/ConfigReference/system.webServer/httpCompression

Overview

The <httpCompression> element specifies the HTTP compression settings for Internet Information Services (IIS) 7. HTTP compression can provide faster transmission times between IIS and client browsers that can accept compressed files.

Note: An HTTP client must initiate communication for compressed content by sending the appropriate HTTP Accept-encoding header. If a client is not capable of HTTP compression, it will not pass that header and IIS 7 will always return uncompressed content.

There are two different types of compression that IIS 7 uses:

• Static Compression:

  IIS 7 caches compressed static content in the path that is specified by the directory attribute, which increases compression performance by eliminating the need to recompress content that has already been compressed. After IIS 7 has compressed a file, subsequent requests are given the compressed copy of the file from the cache directory.

  The staticCompressionEnableCpuUsage and staticCompressionDisableCpuUsage attributes specify when IIS 7 will compress static files based on CPU usage.

  You should use static compression with files that do not typically change, such as HTML files (*.html, *.htm), text files (*.txt), Microsoft Office documents (*.doc, *.xls, *.ppt), etc. The size of these files can be reduced through compression, which reduces download times for client requests and reduces bandwidth on the server.

  Note: Image files such as *.png and *.png files are also static files, but typically they do not benefit from HTTP compression because these image files are already compressed.

• Dynamic Compression:

  Unlike static compression, IIS 7 performs dynamic compression each time a client requests the content, but the compressed version is not cached to disk. This change is made because of the primary difference between static and dynamic content. Static content does not change. However, dynamic content is typically content that is created by an application and therefore changes often, such as Active Server Pages (ASP) or ASP.NET content. Since dynamic content should change often, IIS 7 does not cache it.

  The dynamicCompressionEnableCpuUsage and dynamicCompressionDisableCpuUsage attributes specify when IIS 7 will compress dynamic files based on CPU usage.

IIS 7 supports two different industry-standard compression schemes:

• Deflate - this form of compression is documented in Requests For Comment (RFC) specification 1951.
• GZIP (GNU zip) - this form of compression is documented in Requests For Comment (RFC) specification 1952.

Each of these two compression schemes can be enabled using the <schemes> element of the <httpCompression> element.

Note: While the <httpCompression> element specifies the HTTP compression settings for Internet Information Services (IIS) 7, the <urlCompression> element specifies whether compression is enabled for a URL namespace.

Compatibility

Version	Notes
IIS 7.5	In IIS 7.5, the default value for the minFileSizeForComp attribute has been changed, and the dynamicCompressionBufferLimit attribute was added.
IIS 7.0	The <httpCompression> element was introduced in IIS 7.0.
IIS 6.0	The <httpCompression> element replaces the following IIS 6.0 metabase properties: HcCacheControlHeader HcCompressionDirectory HcDoDiskSpaceLimiting HcExpiresHeader HcMaxDiskSpaceUsage HcMinFileSizeForComp HcNoCompressionForHttp10 HcNoCompressionForProxies HcNoCompressionForRange HcSendCacheHeaders

Setup

HTTP compression is usually available on the default installation of IIS 7. However, only static compression is installed by default. To install static or dynamic compression, use the following steps.

Windows Server 2008 or Windows Server 2008 R2

1. On the taskbar, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Server Manager.
2. In the Server Manager hierarchy pane, expand Roles, and then click Web Server (IIS).
3. In the Web Server (IIS) pane, scroll to the Role Services section, and then click Add Role Services.
4. On the Select Role Services page of the Add Role Services Wizard, select Dynamic Content Compression if you want to install dynamic compression and Static Content Compression if you want to install static compression, and then click Next.
   
5. On the Confirm Installation Selections page, click Install.
6. On the Results page, click Close.

Windows Vista or Windows 7

1. On the taskbar, click Start, and then click Control Panel.
2. In Control Panel, click Programs and Features, and then click Turn Windows Features on or off.
3. Expand Internet Information Services, then World Wide Web Services, then Performance Features.
4. Select Http Compression Dynamic if you want to install dynamic compression and Static Content Compression if you want to install static compression.
   
5. Click OK.

How To

How to enable or disable static and dynamic compression for a site or application

1. Open Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager:
   • If you are using Windows Server 2008 or Windows Server 2008 R2:
     • On the taskbar, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager.
   • If you are using Windows Vista or Windows 7:
     • On the taskbar, click Start, and then click Control Panel.
     • Double-click Administrative Tools, and then double-click Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager.
2. In the Connections pane, go to the connection, site, application, or directory for which you want to enable compression.
3. In the Home pane, double-click Compression.
   
4. In the Compression pane, check the boxes to enable static or dynamic compression, or remove the check marks to disable static or dynamic compression.
   
5. Once you have completed the above steps, click Apply in the Actions pane.

How to enable or disable static and dynamic compression for a server

1. Open Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager:
   • If you are using Windows Server 2008 or Windows Server 2008 R2:
     • On the taskbar, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager.
   • If you are using Windows Vista or Windows 7:
     • On the taskbar, click Start, and then click Control Panel.
     • Double-click Administrative Tools, and then double-click Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager.
2. In the Connections pane, highlight the name of your server.
3. In the server's Home pane, double-click Compression.
   
4. In the Compression pane, check the boxes to enable static or dynamic compression, or remove the check marks to disable static or dynamic compression.
   
5. Once you have completed the above steps, click Apply in the Actions pane.

Configuration

Attributes

Attribute	Description
cacheControlHeader	Optional string attribute. Specifies the directive that IIS adds to the Cache-Control header that overrides the HTTP Expires header. This attribute ensures that older clients and proxy servers do not attempt to cache compressed files. To enable this setting, you must set the sendCacheHeaders attribute to true. The WWW service must be restarted before changes to this property take effect. The default value is max-age=86400.
directory	Optional string attribute. Specifies the directory where compressed versions of static files are temporarily stored and cached. Note: In IIS 6.0, the default directory path for IIS temporary compressed files was %windir%\IIS Temporary Compressed Files. The default value is %SystemDrive%\inetpub\temp\IIS Temporary Compressed Files.
doDiskSpaceLimiting	Optional Boolean attribute. Specifies whether a limit exists for the amount of disk space that all compressed files, which are stored in the compression directory specified by the directory attribute, can occupy. The default value is true.
dynamicCompressionBufferLimit	Optional uint attribute. Specifies the maximum amount of dynamically compressed data that IIS will buffer before flushing the buffer to a client. This decreases the amount of memory that is necessary to perform dynamic compression. Note: This attribute was added in IIS 7.5. The default value is 65536.
dynamicCompressionDisableCpuUsage	Optional uint attribute. Specifies the percentage of CPU utilization at which dynamic compression will be disabled. Note: This attribute acts as an upper CPU limit at which dynamic compression is turned off. When CPU utilization falls below the value specified in the dynamicCompressionEnableCpuUsage attribute, dynamic compression will be re-enabled. The default value is 90.
dynamicCompressionEnableCpuUsage	Optional uint attribute. Specifies the percentage of CPU utilization below which dynamic compression will be enabled. The value must be between 0 and 100. Average CPU utilization is calculated every 30 seconds. Note: This attribute acts as a lower CPU limit below which dynamic compression is turned on. When CPU utilization rises above the value specified in the dynamicCompressionDisableCpuUsage attribute, dynamic compression will be disabled. The default value is 50.
expiresHeader	Optional string attribute. Specifies the content of the HTTP Expires header that is sent with all requested compressed files, together with the Cache-Control header specified in the cacheControlHeader attribute. This combination of headers ensures that older clients and proxy servers do not try to cache compressed files. To enable this setting, you must set the sendCacheHeaders attribute to true. The World Wide Web Publishing Service (WWW service) must be restarted before changes to this property take effect. The default value is Wed, 01 Jan 1997 12:00:00 GMT.
maxDiskSpaceUsage	Optional uint attribute. Specifies the number of megabytes of disk space that compressed files can occupy in the compression directory. When the space used by compressed files exceeds 90 percent of the value in this attribute, IIS deletes the least recently used files until a 90-percent usage level is reached. Note: In IIS 6.0, this limit was expressed in bytes; in IIS 7, it is expressed in megabytes. In IIS 7 the limit is applied per application pool. The default value is 100.
minFileSizeForComp	Optional uint attribute. Specifies the minimum number of kilobytes a file must contain in order to use on-demand compression. The default value for IIS 7.5 is 2700; for IIS 7.0 the default value was 256.
noCompressionForHttp10	Optional Boolean attribute. Specifies whether compression is disabled for requests that contain an HTTP 1.0 version number. Note: Some HTTP 1.0 clients do not handle the caching of compressed objects correctly. You can use this setting to avoid returning a compressed file to a client that cannot decompress it. The default value is true.
noCompressionForProxies	Optional Boolean attribute. Specifies whether the HTTP 1.1 response is disabled for compression requests that come through proxy servers. Note: Some HTTP proxy servers do not handle the caching of compressed objects correctly. You can use this setting to avoid returning a compressed file to a proxy server that cannot decompress it. The default value is true.
noCompressionForRange	Optional Boolean attribute. Specifies whether compression is disabled for HTTP requests that include the Range header. Note: Some clients cannot handle range requests correctly. You can use this setting to avoid returning a compressed file to a client that cannot decompress it. The default value is true.
sendCacheHeaders	Optional Boolean attribute. Specifies whether the headers configured in cacheControlHeader and expiresHeader are sent with each compressed response. The default value is false.
staticCompressionDisableCpuUsage	Optional uint attribute. Specifies the percentage of CPU utilization at which static compression is disabled. The value must be between 0 and 100. Average CPU utilization is calculated every 30 seconds. Note: This property acts as an upper CPU limit at which static compression is turned off. When CPU utilization falls below the value specified in the staticCompressionEnableCpuUsage attribute, static compression will be reenabled. The default value is 100.
staticCompressionEnableCpuUsage	Optional uint attribute. Specifies the percentage of CPU utilization at which static compression is enabled. The value must be between 0 and 100. Average CPU utilization is calculated every 30 seconds. Note: This property acts as a lower CPU limit below which static compression is turned on. When CPU utilization rises above the value specified in the staticCompressionDisableCpuUsage attribute, static compression will be disabled. The default value is 50.

Child Elements

Element	Description
scheme	Optional element. Specifies the compression scheme (Gzip or Deflate) IIS uses to compress client requests.
dynamicTypes	Optional element. Specifies configuration settings for dynamic compression.
staticTypes	Optional element. Specifies configuration settings for static compression.

Configuration Sample

The following default <httpCompression> element is configured in the ApplicationHost.config file in IIS 7. This configuration section inherits the default configuration settings unless you use the <clear> element.

<httpCompression
      directory="%SystemDrive%\inetpub\temp\IIS Temporary Compressed Files">
   <scheme name="gzip" dll="%Windir%\system32\inetsrv\gzip.dll" />
   <dynamicTypes>
      <add mimeType="text/*" enabled="true" />
      <add mimeType="message/*" enabled="true" />
      <add mimeType="application/javascript" enabled="true" />
      <add mimeType="*/*" enabled="false" />
   </dynamicTypes>
   <staticTypes>
      <add mimeType="text/*" enabled="true" />
      <add mimeType="message/*" enabled="true" />
      <add mimeType="application/javascript" enabled="true" />
      <add mimeType="*/*" enabled="false" />
   </staticTypes>
</httpCompression>

Sample Code

The following code samples will add the MIME types for Office 2003 documents to the list of dynamic compression types.

(Note: Office 2007 documents use built-in compression, so they do not need to be compressed by IIS.)

AppCmd.exe

appcmd.exe set config -section:system.webServer/httpCompression /+"dynamicTypes.[mimeType='application/msword',enabled='True']" /commit:apphost

appcmd.exe set config -section:system.webServer/httpCompression /+"dynamicTypes.[mimeType='application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',enabled='True']" /commit:apphost

appcmd.exe set config -section:system.webServer/httpCompression /+"dynamicTypes.[mimeType='application/vnd.ms-excel',enabled='True']" /commit:apphost

Note: You must be sure to set the commit parameter to apphost when you use AppCmd.exe to configure these settings. This commits the configuration settings to the appropriate location section in the ApplicationHost.config file.

C#

using System;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Web.Administration;

internal static class Sample
{
   private static void Main()
   {
      using (ServerManager serverManager = new ServerManager())
      {
         Configuration config = serverManager.GetApplicationHostConfiguration();
         ConfigurationSection httpCompressionSection = config.GetSection("system.webServer/httpCompression");
         ConfigurationElementCollection dynamicTypesCollection = httpCompressionSection.GetCollection("dynamicTypes");

         ConfigurationElement addElement = dynamicTypesCollection.CreateElement("add");
         addElement["mimeType"] = @"application/msword";
         addElement["enabled"] = true;
         dynamicTypesCollection.Add(addElement);

         ConfigurationElement addElement1 = dynamicTypesCollection.CreateElement("add");
         addElement1["mimeType"] = @"application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";
         addElement1["enabled"] = true;
         dynamicTypesCollection.Add(addElement1);

         ConfigurationElement addElement2 = dynamicTypesCollection.CreateElement("add");
         addElement2["mimeType"] = @"application/vnd.ms-excel";
         addElement2["enabled"] = true;
         dynamicTypesCollection.Add(addElement2);

         serverManager.CommitChanges();
      }
   }
}

VB.NET

Imports System
Imports System.Text
Imports Microsoft.Web.Administration

Module Sample

   Sub Main()
      Dim serverManager As ServerManager = New ServerManager
      Dim config As Configuration = serverManager.GetApplicationHostConfiguration
      Dim httpCompressionSection As ConfigurationSection = config.GetSection("system.webServer/httpCompression")
      Dim dynamicTypesCollection As ConfigurationElementCollection = httpCompressionSection.GetCollection("dynamicTypes")

      Dim addElement As ConfigurationElement = dynamicTypesCollection.CreateElement("add")
      addElement("mimeType") = "application/msword"
      addElement("enabled") = True
      dynamicTypesCollection.Add(addElement)

      Dim addElement1 As ConfigurationElement = dynamicTypesCollection.CreateElement("add")
      addElement1("mimeType") = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
      addElement1("enabled") = True
      dynamicTypesCollection.Add(addElement1)

      Dim addElement2 As ConfigurationElement = dynamicTypesCollection.CreateElement("add")
      addElement2("mimeType") = "application/vnd.ms-excel"
      addElement2("enabled") = True
      dynamicTypesCollection.Add(addElement2)

      serverManager.CommitChanges()
   End Sub

End Module

JavaScript

var adminManager = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.ApplicationHost.WritableAdminManager');
adminManager.CommitPath = "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST";
var httpCompressionSection = adminManager.GetAdminSection("system.webServer/httpCompression", "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST");
var dynamicTypesCollection = httpCompressionSection.ChildElements.Item("dynamicTypes").Collection;

var addElement = dynamicTypesCollection.CreateNewElement("add");
addElement.Properties.Item("mimeType").Value = "application/msword";
addElement.Properties.Item("enabled").Value = true;
dynamicTypesCollection.AddElement(addElement);

var addElement1 = dynamicTypesCollection.CreateNewElement("add");
addElement1.Properties.Item("mimeType").Value = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";
addElement1.Properties.Item("enabled").Value = true;
dynamicTypesCollection.AddElement(addElement1);

var addElement2 = dynamicTypesCollection.CreateNewElement("add");
addElement2.Properties.Item("mimeType").Value = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
addElement2.Properties.Item("enabled").Value = true;
dynamicTypesCollection.AddElement(addElement2);

adminManager.CommitChanges();

VBScript

Set adminManager = WScript.CreateObject("Microsoft.ApplicationHost.WritableAdminManager")
adminManager.CommitPath = "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST"
Set httpCompressionSection = adminManager.GetAdminSection("system.webServer/httpCompression", "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST")
Set dynamicTypesCollection = httpCompressionSection.ChildElements.Item("dynamicTypes").Collection

Set addElement = dynamicTypesCollection.CreateNewElement("add")
addElement.Properties.Item("mimeType").Value = "application/msword"
addElement.Properties.Item("enabled").Value = True
dynamicTypesCollection.AddElement(addElement)

Set addElement1 = dynamicTypesCollection.CreateNewElement("add")
addElement1.Properties.Item("mimeType").Value = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
addElement1.Properties.Item("enabled").Value = True
dynamicTypesCollection.AddElement(addElement1)

Set addElement2 = dynamicTypesCollection.CreateNewElement("add")
addElement2.Properties.Item("mimeType").Value = "application/vnd.ms-excel"
addElement2.Properties.Item("enabled").Value = True
dynamicTypesCollection.AddElement(addElement2)

adminManager.CommitChanges()

The following code samples will add the MIME types for Office 2003 documents to the list of static compression types.

(Note: Office 2007 documents use built-in compression, so they do not need to be compressed by IIS.)

AppCmd.exe

appcmd.exe set config -section:system.webServer/httpCompression /+"staticTypes.[mimeType='application/msword',enabled='True']" /commit:apphost

appcmd.exe set config -section:system.webServer/httpCompression /+"staticTypes.[mimeType='application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',enabled='True']" /commit:apphost

appcmd.exe set config -section:system.webServer/httpCompression /+"staticTypes.[mimeType='application/vnd.ms-excel',enabled='True']" /commit:apphost

Note: You must be sure to set the commit parameter to apphost when you use AppCmd.exe to configure these settings. This commits the configuration settings to the appropriate location section in the ApplicationHost.config file.

C#

using System;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Web.Administration;

internal static class Sample
{
   private static void Main()
   {
      using (ServerManager serverManager = new ServerManager())
      {
         Configuration config = serverManager.GetApplicationHostConfiguration();
         ConfigurationSection httpCompressionSection = config.GetSection("system.webServer/httpCompression");
         ConfigurationElementCollection staticTypesCollection = httpCompressionSection.GetCollection("staticTypes");

         ConfigurationElement addElement = staticTypesCollection.CreateElement("add");
         addElement["mimeType"] = @"application/msword";
         addElement["enabled"] = true;
         staticTypesCollection.Add(addElement);

         ConfigurationElement addElement1 = staticTypesCollection.CreateElement("add");
         addElement1["mimeType"] = @"application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";
         addElement1["enabled"] = true;
         staticTypesCollection.Add(addElement1);

         ConfigurationElement addElement2 = staticTypesCollection.CreateElement("add");
         addElement2["mimeType"] = @"application/vnd.ms-excel";
         addElement2["enabled"] = true;
         staticTypesCollection.Add(addElement2);

         serverManager.CommitChanges();
      }
   }
}

VB.NET

Imports System
Imports System.Text
Imports Microsoft.Web.Administration

Module Sample

   Sub Main()
      Dim serverManager As ServerManager = New ServerManager
      Dim config As Configuration = serverManager.GetApplicationHostConfiguration
      Dim httpCompressionSection As ConfigurationSection = config.GetSection("system.webServer/httpCompression")
      Dim staticTypesCollection As ConfigurationElementCollection = httpCompressionSection.GetCollection("staticTypes")

      Dim addElement As ConfigurationElement = staticTypesCollection.CreateElement("add")
      addElement("mimeType") = "application/msword"
      addElement("enabled") = True
      staticTypesCollection.Add(addElement)

      Dim addElement1 As ConfigurationElement = staticTypesCollection.CreateElement("add")
      addElement1("mimeType") = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
      addElement1("enabled") = True
      staticTypesCollection.Add(addElement1)

      Dim addElement2 As ConfigurationElement = staticTypesCollection.CreateElement("add")
      addElement2("mimeType") = "application/vnd.ms-excel"
      addElement2("enabled") = True
      staticTypesCollection.Add(addElement2)

      serverManager.CommitChanges()
   End Sub

End Module

JavaScript

var adminManager = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.ApplicationHost.WritableAdminManager');
adminManager.CommitPath = "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST";
var httpCompressionSection = adminManager.GetAdminSection("system.webServer/httpCompression", "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST");
var staticTypesCollection = httpCompressionSection.ChildElements.Item("staticTypes").Collection;

var addElement = staticTypesCollection.CreateNewElement("add");
addElement.Properties.Item("mimeType").Value = "application/msword";
addElement.Properties.Item("enabled").Value = true;
staticTypesCollection.AddElement(addElement);

var addElement1 = staticTypesCollection.CreateNewElement("add");
addElement1.Properties.Item("mimeType").Value = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";
addElement1.Properties.Item("enabled").Value = true;
staticTypesCollection.AddElement(addElement1);

var addElement2 = staticTypesCollection.CreateNewElement("add");
addElement2.Properties.Item("mimeType").Value = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
addElement2.Properties.Item("enabled").Value = true;
staticTypesCollection.AddElement(addElement2);

adminManager.CommitChanges();

VBScript

Set adminManager = WScript.CreateObject("Microsoft.ApplicationHost.WritableAdminManager")
adminManager.CommitPath = "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST"
Set httpCompressionSection = adminManager.GetAdminSection("system.webServer/httpCompression", "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST")
Set staticTypesCollection = httpCompressionSection.ChildElements.Item("staticTypes").Collection

Set addElement = staticTypesCollection.CreateNewElement("add")
addElement.Properties.Item("mimeType").Value = "application/msword"
addElement.Properties.Item("enabled").Value = True
staticTypesCollection.AddElement(addElement)

Set addElement1 = staticTypesCollection.CreateNewElement("add")
addElement1.Properties.Item("mimeType").Value = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"
addElement1.Properties.Item("enabled").Value = True
staticTypesCollection.AddElement(addElement1)

Set addElement2 = staticTypesCollection.CreateNewElement("add")
addElement2.Properties.Item("mimeType").Value = "application/vnd.ms-excel"
addElement2.Properties.Item("enabled").Value = True
staticTypesCollection.AddElement(addElement2)

adminManager.CommitChanges()