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  • 制作ubuntu16.04 自动安装iso镜像

    官网下载Ubuntu镜像安装,交互模式需要手动配置很多东西,为了快速安装,特制作自动安装镜像,方便安装系统。

     https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/i386/apb.html

    https://www.debian.org/releases/stretch/example-preseed.txt

     https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/i386/apbs04.html.zh-cn#preseed-partman

    制作方法:

    下载官网镜像iso文件:ubuntu-16.04.4-server-amd64.iso (http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/ubuntu-releases/16.04/ubuntu-16.04.4-server-amd64.iso)

    1. cd /root/
    2. wget http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/ubuntu-releases/16.04/ubuntu-16.04.4-server-amd64.iso
    3. mkdir mnt
    4. mount ubuntu-16.04.4-server-amd64.iso mnt/
    5. cp -rf ./mnt/* ./mnt/.disk/ ./ubuntu/ #将挂载的镜像目录copy到ubuntu目录中

    将镜像文件拷贝出来后,根据以下链接修改相关配置文件:

    http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/16044.html

    1.用以下内容替换isolinux.cfg文件内容(相关说明见上面链接)

    cp  ubuntu/isolinux/isolinux.cfg{,.bak}

    -------------------------------------------

    default autoinstall
    prompt 0
    timeout 100
    menu title Custom Live CD
    menu background splash.png
    menu color title 1;37;44 #c0ffffff #00000000 std
     label autoinstall
    menu label autoinstall - auto install ubuntu
    kernel /install/vmlinuz
    append initrd=/install/initrd.gz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed boot=install debian-installer/locale=en_US console-setup/ask_detect=false keyboard-configuration/layoutcode=us automatic-ubiquity quiet splash --

    ------------------------------------------------------

    2.用以下内容替换ubuntu-server.seed文件内容(相关说明见上面链接)

    cp  ubuntu/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed{,.bak}

    -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    #locate

    d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US
    d-i console-tools/archs select true
    d-i debian-installer/language string en
    d-i debian-installer/country string us

    d-i localechooser/supported-locales multiselect en_US.UTF-8, zh_CN.UTF-8
         
    #keyboard
    d-i console-setup/ask_detect boolean false
    d-i console-configuration/layoutcode string us
    d-i keyboard-configuration/modelcode string SKIP
         
    #clock
    d-i clock-setup/utc boolean false
    d-i time/zone string Asia/Shanghai
         
    #network
    d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto
    d-i netcfg/dhcp_failed note
    d-i netcfg/dhcp_options select Do not configure the network at this time
    d-i netcfg/get_hostname string cc
    d-i netcfg/get_domain string cc-domain
    d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string
         
    # Mirror
         

    d-i pkgsel/language-pack-patterns string
    d-i pkgsel/install-language-support boolean false
    d-i apt-setup/partner boolean true
    d-i debian-installer/splash boolean false
    d-i oem-config-udeb/frontend string debconf
    d-i mirror/http/proxy string
         
        # clock
    d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true
         
        ## set root password

    d-i passwd/root-login boolean root
    d-i passwd/root-password password root
    d-i passwd/root-password-again password root
    d-i user-setup/allow-password-weak boolean true
        #user
    d-i passwd/root-login boolean false
    #d-i passwd/root-password password 123
    #d-i passwd/root-password-again password 123
    d-i passwd/make-user boolean true
    d-i passwd/user-fullname string leo ##用户名
    d-i passwd/username string leo ##用户名
    d-i passwd/user-password password 123 ##密码
    d-i passwd/user-password-again password 123
    d-i user-setup/allow-password-weak boolean true
    d-i user-setup/encrypt-home boolean false

        ## Disk usage

    d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda
    #d-i partman-auto/method string lvm
    #d-i partman-auto-lvm/guided_size string max
    d-i partman-auto/method string regular
    d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true
    d-i partman-md/device_remove_md boolean true
    d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
    d-i partman-lvm/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
    d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic
    d-i partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
    d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
    d-i partman/confirm boolean true
    d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
    #basic system
    #d-i base-installer/kernel/linux/initramfs-generators string yaird
         
    #package
    tasksel tasksel/first multiselect ubuntu-desktop
    d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server build-essential vim landscape-common
    d-i pkgsel/update-policy select none
         
    #grub
    d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true
    d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true
         
    # Finish
    d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note
    oem-config oem-config/steps multiselect language, timezone, keyboard, user, network, tasksroot

     

    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    修改完毕后,将ubuntu目录重新打包成iso镜像

    mkisofs 命令使用参考这里(http://man.linuxde.net/mkisofs)

    mkisofs -R -J -T -v -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -o auto-ubuntu-16.04.4-server-amd64.iso  ubuntu/

    生成的可以自动安装的iso镜像为:auto-ubuntu-16.04.4-server-amd64.iso

    https://blog.csdn.net/Frank_Abagnale/article/details/78963876

    https://blog.csdn.net/jinyuxiaoqiang/article/details/80827497

     https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-08/121662.htm

    https://blog.csdn.net/ak47mig/article/details/7068568

     http://blog.51cto.com/yangzhiming/2052396

    完毕。

    补充,实践发现,在vmware 的Esxi 上安装ubuntu16.04 使用该镜像可以正常安装启动。

    但是在dell服务器上安装   开机后,正常到选择启动项后,找到硬盘后直接黑屏,不显示启动时的那些信息。好像系统没有正确安装一样。

    解决方法是 :  Ctrl +Alt +F1   进如tty1   。进如系统后   把/etc/default/grub 里面的GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet" 里面的quiet删掉即可。

    -----------------------------isolinux.cfg -----------------

    default autoinstall
    prompt 0
    timeout 100
    menu title Custom Live CD
    menu background splash.png
    menu color title 1;37;44
    label autoinstall
    menu label autoinstall - auto install ubuntu
    kernel /install/vmlinuz
    append initrd=/install/initrd.gz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed boot=install debian-installer/locale=en_US console-setup/ask_detect=false keyboard-configuration/layoutcode=us automatic-ubiquity quiet splash --

    ------------------------ubuntu-server.seed--

    #locate

    d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US
    d-i console-tools/archs select true
    d-i debian-installer/language string en
    d-i debian-installer/country string us

    d-i localechooser/supported-locales multiselect en_US.UTF-8, zh_CN.UTF-8

    #keyboard
    d-i console-setup/ask_detect boolean false
    d-i console-configuration/layoutcode string us
    d-i keyboard-configuration/modelcode string SKIP

    #clock
    d-i clock-setup/utc boolean false
    d-i time/zone string Asia/Shanghai

    #network
    d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto
    d-i netcfg/dhcp_failed note
    d-i netcfg/dhcp_options select Do not configure the network at this time
    d-i netcfg/get_hostname string kankan
    d-i netcfg/get_domain string kankan-domain
    d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string


    #d-i netcfg/disable_autoconfig boolean true
    #d-i netcfg/dhcp_failed note
    #d-i netcfg/dhcp_options select Configure network manually
    #d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.1
    #d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string 192.168.1.42
    #d-i netcfg/get_netmask string 255.255.255.0
    #d-i netcfg/get_gateway string 192.168.1.1
    #d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true



    # Mirror


    d-i pkgsel/language-pack-patterns string
    d-i pkgsel/install-language-support boolean false
    d-i apt-setup/partner boolean true
    d-i debian-installer/splash boolean false
    d-i oem-config-udeb/frontend string debconf
    d-i mirror/http/proxy string

    # clock
    d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true
    ## set root password

    d-i passwd/root-login boolean root
    d-i passwd/root-password password root
    d-i passwd/root-password-again password root
    d-i user-setup/allow-password-weak boolean true
    #user
    d-i passwd/root-login boolean false

    d-i passwd/make-user boolean true
    d-i passwd/user-fullname string ubuntu
    d-i passwd/username string ubuntu
    d-i passwd/user-password password ubuntu
    d-i passwd/user-password-again password ubuntu
    d-i user-setup/allow-password-weak boolean true
    d-i user-setup/encrypt-home boolean false

    ## Disk usage

    d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda
    #d-i partman-auto/method string lvm
    #d-i partman-auto-lvm/guided_size string max
    d-i partman-auto/method string regular
    d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true
    d-i partman-md/device_remove_md boolean true
    d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
    d-i partman-lvm/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
    d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic
    d-i partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
    d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
    d-i partman/confirm boolean true
    d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true

    #basic system
    #d-i base-installer/kernel/linux/initramfs-generators string yaird

    #package
    #tasksel tasksel/first multiselect
    tasksel tasksel/first multiselect ubuntu-desktop
    d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server build-essential vim landscape-common ubuntu-desktop
    #d-i pkgsel/include string  gnome-shell ubuntu-gnome-desktop
    d-i pkgsel/update-policy select none

    #grub
    d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true
    d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true

    # Finish
    d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note
    oem-config oem-config/steps multiselect language, timezone, keyboard, user, network, tasksroot
                                                                                                    

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wuchangsoft/p/9610869.html
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