sql serverDB运维实用sql大全

运维sql server的sql总结，包含阻塞语句、等待语句、某个时间段的sql性能查询等等常用sql语句

##断开库的连接，记得修改库名

USE master
GO
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE
GO
--查看是否还有用户连接
SELECT * FROM sys.[sysprocesses] WHERE DB_NAME([dbid])='DBName'
GO
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET MULTI_USER
GO

#############mssql###############

##查看数据库高物理io
SELECT *,B.client_net_address FROM SYS.SYSPROCESSES A
LEFT JOIN SYS.dm_exec_connections B
ON A.spid=B.session_id
WHERE SPID>100 ORDER BY physical_io DESC

#阻塞spid号多于50的

select * from sys.sysprocesses where blocked<>0 and spid<50;
#阻塞查询并按等待时间排序
select * from sys.sysprocesses where blocked<>0 order by waittime desc

##查看当前cpu消耗高spid
SELECT * FROM SYS.SYSPROCESSES WHERE SPID >50 ORDER BY cpu DESC

##重建索引
DBCC DBREINDEX (表名)

##慢sql
SELECT TOP 10
[session_id],
[request_id],
[start_time] AS '开始时间',
[status] AS '状态',
[command] AS '命令',
dest.[text] AS 'sql语句',
DB_NAME([database_id]) AS '数据库名',
[blocking_session_id] AS '正在阻塞其他会话的会话ID',
[wait_type] AS '等待资源类型',
[wait_time] AS '等待时间',
[wait_resource] AS '等待的资源',
[reads] AS '物理读次数',
[writes] AS '写次数',
[logical_reads] AS '逻辑读次数',
[row_count] AS '返回结果行数'
FROM sys.[dm_exec_requests] AS der
CROSS APPLY
sys.[dm_exec_sql_text](der.[sql_handle]) AS dest
WHERE [session_id]>50 AND DB_NAME(der.[database_id])='AIS20150329229999'
ORDER BY [cpu_time] DESC

####kill sql（一般kill之前一定要找开发确认好业务，被kill了不能kill的语句）
SELECT * FROM master.dbo.sysprocesses WHERE dbid IN
(
SELECT dbid FROM master.dbo.sysdatabases
WHERE NAME='A201701FinChengLin' --指定的数据库名字
)

kill spid

#根据spid获取sql语句
select er.session_id
,csql.text AS CallingSQL
from master.sys.dm_exec_requests er
WITH (NOLOCK)
CROSS APPLY MASTER.sys.fn_get_sql (er.sql_handle) csql
where er.session_id =153

#查看cpu消耗
SELECT TOP 10
total_worker_time/execution_count AS avg_cpu_cost, plan_handle,
execution_count,
(SELECT SUBSTRING(text, statement_start_offset/2 + 1,
(CASE WHEN statement_end_offset = -1
THEN LEN(CONVERT(nvarchar(max), text)) * 2
ELSE statement_end_offset
END - statement_start_offset)/2)
FROM sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle)) AS query_text
FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats
ORDER BY [avg_cpu_cost] DESC

#根据进程号获取语句
dbcc inputbuffer(spid)

##查看阻塞
sp_who_lock

#查看用户权限
WITH CTE AS
(
SELECT u.name AS 用户名,
g.name AS 数据库角色,
'√' as 'flag'
FROM sys.database_principals u
INNER JOIN sys.database_role_members m ON u.principal_id = m.member_principal_id
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals g ON g.principal_id = m.role_principal_id
)
SELECT * FROM CTE PIVOT(MAX(flag) FOR 数据库角色 IN ([public],
[db_owner],
[db_accessadmin],
[db_securityadmin],
[db_ddladmin],
[db_backupoperator],
[db_datareader],
[db_datawriter],
[db_denydatareader],
[db_denydatawriter])) AS T

##查看库连接的客户端详情
SELECT
SPID = er.session_id
,STATUS = ses.STATUS
,ElapsedMS = er.total_elapsed_time
,[Login] = ses.login_name
,Host = ses.host_name
,BlkBy = er.blocking_session_id
,DBName = DB_Name(er.database_id)
,CommandType = er.command
,SQLStatement = st.text
,ObjectName = OBJECT_NAME(st.objectid)
,CPUTime = er.cpu_time
,IOReads = er.logical_reads + er.reads
,IOWrites = er.writes
,LastWaitType = er.last_wait_type
,StartTime = er.start_time
,Protocol = con.net_transport
,ConnectionWrites = con.num_writes
,ConnectionReads = con.num_reads
,ClientAddress = con.client_net_address
,Authentication = con.auth_scheme
FROM sys.dm_exec_requests er
OUTER APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(er.sql_handle) st
LEFT JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions ses
ON ses.session_id = er.session_id
LEFT JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections con
ON con.session_id = ses.session_id
WHERE er.session_id > 50
ORDER BY
er.blocking_session_id DESC
,er.session_id

##表授权
use AIKZY2018
grant select on T_AR_RECEIVEBILL to bi;

#主从库创建用户
在辅助副本添加登录用户，让主副本上的登录用户也可以读取辅助副本数据
步骤1：查看主库上该账号的sid [test]为库名
SELECT * FROM [OTWB20170213098888]..sysusers
比如：dba 0x5FF8E51322754E4196600311D384CE03

步骤2：在副本数据库上创建对应账号，其中 sid对应的值是主库上所查到的sid的值
CREATE LOGIN [dba] WITH PASSWORD=N'Zd@pwd2018',
SID = 0xA23393D37FE24C49BD272901A9B7287B, DEFAULT_DATABASE=[OTWB20170213098888],
CHECK_EXPIRATION=OFF, CHECK_POLICY=OFF

####恢复挂起
USE master

GO
ALTER DATABASE cl_manager_sit SET SINGLE_USER

GO

ALTER DATABASE cl_manager_sit SET EMERGENCY

GO

DBCC CHECKDB(cl_manager_sit,REPAIR_ALLOW_DATA_LOSS)

go

ALTER DATABASE cl_manager_sit SET ONLINE

GO

ALTER DATABASE cl_manager_sit SET MULTI_USER

GO
##### 查看影响性能的sql具体详情
SELECT
SPID = er.session_id
,
STATUS = ses.STATUS
,
ElapsedMS = er.total_elapsed_time
,
[Login] = ses.login_name
,
Host = ses.host_name
,
BlkBy = er.blocking_session_id
,
DBName = DB_Name(er.database_id)
,
CommandType = er.command
,
SQLStatement = st.text
,
ObjectName = OBJECT_NAME(st.objectid)
,
CPUTime = er.cpu_time
,
IOReads = er.logical_reads + er.reads
,
IOWrites = er.writes
,
LastWaitType = er.last_wait_type
,
StartTime = er.start_time
,
Protocol = con.net_transport
,
ConnectionWrites = con.num_writes
,
ConnectionReads = con.num_reads
,
ClientAddress = con.client_net_address
,
Authentication = con.auth_scheme
FROM sys.dm_exec_requests er
OUTER APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(er.sql_handle) st
LEFT JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions ses
ON ses.session_id = er.session_id
LEFT JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections con
ON con.session_id = ses.session_id
WHERE er.session_id > 50
ORDER BY
er.blocking_session_id DESC
,er.session_id

###mssql查看主从延迟
SELECT availability_mode_desc ,
role_desc ,
replica_server_name ,
last_redone_time ,
GETDATE() now ,
DATEDIFF(ms, last_redone_time, GETDATE()) diffMS
FROM ( ( sys.availability_groups AS ag
JOIN sys.availability_replicas AS ar ON ag.group_id = ar.group_id
)
JOIN sys.dm_hadr_availability_replica_states AS ar_state ON ar.replica_id = ar_state.replica_id
)
JOIN sys.dm_hadr_database_replica_states dr_state ON ag.group_id = dr_state.group_id
AND dr_state.replica_id = ar_state.replica_id;

###收缩数据库（收缩是收缩数据文件的，不是收缩日志文件）
select * from sys.sysprocesses order by waittime desc

select * from sysfiles
dbcc shrinkdatabase('k3')

dbcc shrinkfile(2, 0)
dbcc shrinkfile(1, 0)
dbcc updateusage (0)
####查看某时间段的sql命令
SELECT TOP 1000 QS.creation_time, SUBSTRING(ST.text, (QS.statement_start_offset / 2) + 1,
((CASE QS.statement_end_offset WHEN - 1 THEN DATALENGTH(st.text) ELSE QS.statement_end_offset END - QS.statement_start_offset) / 2) + 1)
AS statement_text, ST.text, QS.total_worker_time
FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats QS CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(QS.sql_handle) ST
WHERE QS.creation_time BETWEEN '2020-02-06 13:00:00' AND '2020-02-06 15:15:00' AND ST.text LIKE '%%'
ORDER BY QS.total_worker_time desc

####查看某时间段的慢sql
SELECT TOP 20
creation_time,
    total_worker_time/1000 AS [总消耗CPU 时间(ms)],execution_count [运行次数],
    qs.total_worker_time/qs.execution_count/1000 AS [平均消耗CPU 时间(ms)],
    last_execution_time AS [最后一次执行时间],max_worker_time /1000 AS [最大执行时间(ms)],
    SUBSTRING(qt.text,qs.statement_start_offset/2+1, 
        (CASE WHEN qs.statement_end_offset = -1 
        THEN DATALENGTH(qt.text) 
        ELSE qs.statement_end_offset END -qs.statement_start_offset)/2 + 1) 
    AS [使用CPU的语法], qt.text [完整语法],
    dbname=db_name(qt.dbid),A
    object_name(qt.objectid,qt.dbid) ObjectName
FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats qs WITH(nolock)
CROSS apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(qs.sql_handle) AS qt
WHERE creation_time BETWEEN '2020-02-06 13:00:00' AND '2020-02-06 15:15:00'
ORDER BY  total_worker_time DESC

####查看某段时间的高io sql语句
select top 50 creation_time,
(total_logical_reads/execution_count) as avg_logical_reads,
(total_logical_writes/execution_count) as avg_logical_writes,
(total_physical_reads/execution_count) as avg_phys_reads,
Execution_count,
statement_start_offset as stmt_start_offset, statement_end_offset as stmt_end_offset,
substring(sql_text.text, (statement_start_offset/2),
case
when (statement_end_offset -statement_start_offset)/2 <=0 then 64000
else (statement_end_offset -statement_start_offset)/2 end) as exec_statement, sql_text.text,plan_text.*
from sys.dm_exec_query_stats
cross apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle) as sql_text
cross apply sys.dm_exec_query_plan(plan_handle) as plan_text
where creation_time BETWEEN '2020-02-06 13:00:00' AND '2020-02-06 15:15:00'
order by avg_logical_reads
Desc