一、背景介绍
1.1.项目简单介绍
Swagger项目是由Dilip Krishnan和Adrian Kelly等人维护开发的一个为Spring Web MVC 项目提供方法文档的一个框架。该框架最基本的功能是将Controller的方法进行可视化的展现,像方法凝视。方法參数,方法返回值等都提供了对应的用户界面。尤其是对JSON參数的支持。同一时候能够结合swagger-ui能够对用户界面进行不同程度的定制,也能够对方法进行一个简单的測试。
1.2.code repository
- github:https://github.com/springdox/springdox
- maven:http://www.mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.mangofactory/swagger-springmvc
1.3.演示项目
二、开发准备
2.1.环境准备
- idea intellij 13+
- Oracle java 1.6
- Gradle 2.0 +
2.2.项目搭建
2.2.1.jar仓库
Maven
Gradle
2.2.2.相关依赖
- As of v0.9.5 all dependencies on scala have been removed.
- Spring 3.2.x or above
- jackson 2.4.4
- guava 15.0
2.2.3.编写配置文件
编写一个Java文件,并使用注解:
- @Configuration 配置注解,自己主动在本类上下文载入一些环境变量信息
- @EnableWebMvc
- @EnableSwagger 使swagger生效
- @ComponentScan("com.myapp.packages") 须要扫描的包路径
演示样例:
package org.bugkillers.back.swagger; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter; import com.mangofactory.swagger.configuration.SpringSwaggerConfig; import com.mangofactory.swagger.models.dto.ApiInfo; import com.mangofactory.swagger.paths.SwaggerPathProvider; import com.mangofactory.swagger.plugin.EnableSwagger; import com.mangofactory.swagger.plugin.SwaggerSpringMvcPlugin; /** * 使用注解的方式来扫描API * 无需在Spring的xml配置文件来配置。由 @see @EnableWebMvc 取代 * <p/> * <p> @author 刘新宇 * * <p> @date 2015年1月30日 下午1:18:48 * <p> @version 0.0.1 */ @Configuration @EnableWebMvc @EnableSwagger @ComponentScan(basePackages ={"com.ak.swaggerspringmvc.shared.controller", "com.ak.spring3.music"}) public class CustomJavaPluginConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { private SpringSwaggerConfig springSwaggerConfig; @Autowired public void setSpringSwaggerConfig(SpringSwaggerConfig springSwaggerConfig) { this.springSwaggerConfig = springSwaggerConfig; } /** * 链式编程 来定制API样式 * 兴许会加上分组信息 * @return */ @Bean public SwaggerSpringMvcPlugin customImplementation(){ return new SwaggerSpringMvcPlugin(this.springSwaggerConfig) .apiInfo(apiInfo()) .includePatterns(".*") // .pathProvider(new GtPaths()) .apiVersion("0.0.1") .swaggerGroup("user"); } private ApiInfo apiInfo() { ApiInfo apiInfo = new ApiInfo( "bugkillers-back API", "bugkillers 后台API文档", "<a href="http://127.0.0.1:9081/api" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: inherit !important; background: none !important;">http://127.0.0.1:9081/api", "bugkillers@163.com", "My License", "My Apps API License URL" ); return apiInfo; } @Override public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) { configurer.enable(); } class GtPaths extends SwaggerPathProvider{ @Override protected String applicationPath() { return "/restapi"; } @Override protected String getDocumentationPath() { return "/restapi"; } } }
也能够自己不写配置类,直接使用默认的实现类,在Spring的配置文件里共配置:(不推荐)
2.2.4.与swagger-ui集成
方式一:
- Note: Only use this option if you don't need to customize any of the swagger-ui static content, otherwise use option 2.
- Use the web-jar which packages all of the swagger-ui static content.
- Requires that your app is using the servlet 3 specification.
- For non-spring boot applications some extra spring configuration (ResourceHandler's) is required. See: https://github.com/adrianbk/swagger-springmvc-demo/tree/master/swagger-ui
- Manually copy all of the static content swagger-ui's dist directory (https://github.com/wordnik/swagger-ui/tree/master/dist)
- Provide the necessary view resolvers and resource handlers to serve the static content.
- Consult the spring documentation on serving static resources.
The following is one way to serve static content from /src/main/webapp
2.6.5.Controller配置
使用注解对Controller进行配置:
- @Api 配置方法API
- @ApiOperation API的操作 GET PUT DELETE POST
- @ApiParam API的方法參数描写叙述
演示样例Controller:
package org.bugkillers.back.user.controller;
import java.util.List;
import org.bugkillers.back.bean.User;
import org.bugkillers.back.result.Result;
import org.bugkillers.back.user.service.UserService;
import org.bugkillers.back.util.ResultUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.wordnik.swagger.annotations.Api;
import com.wordnik.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import com.wordnik.swagger.annotations.ApiParam;
/**
* 用户操作Controller
* <p/>
* <p>
*
* @author 刘新宇
*
* <p>
* @date 2015年1月30日 上午10:50:34
* <p>
* @version 0.0.1
*/
@Api(value = "user-api", description = "有关于用户的CURD操作", position = 5)
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService service;
/**
* 注冊用户
* @param user
*/
@ApiOperation(value = "注冊", notes = "注冊用户", position = 3)
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = { "/regist" }, method = RequestMethod.POST)
public ResponseEntity<?> regist(@RequestBody User user) {
service.save(user);
Result<String> result = ResultUtil.buildSuccessResult("注冊成功");
return new ResponseEntity<Result<String>>(result, HttpStatus.OK);
}
/**
* 依据pk查找用户
* @param userPk
* @return
*/
@ApiOperation(value = "依据pk查找用户", notes = "返回用户实体对象", response = User.class, position = 2)
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = { "/{userPk}" }, method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ResponseEntity<?> findByPk(
@ApiParam(value = "填写Pk", allowableValues = "range[1,5]", required = true, defaultValue = "userPk", allowMultiple = true) @PathVariable("userPk") Integer userPk) {
Result<User> result = ResultUtil.buildSuccessResult(service.findByPk(userPk));
return new ResponseEntity<Result<User>>(result, HttpStatus.OK);
}
/**
* 測试
* @param who
* @return
*/
@ApiOperation(value = "Hellow World", notes = "測试功能", position = 1)
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = { "/hello/{who}" }, method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ResponseEntity<?
> hello(
@ApiParam(value = "填写名称") @PathVariable("who") String who) {
Result<String> result = ResultUtil.buildSuccessResult( "Hello guys" + " " + who + "!");
return new ResponseEntity<Result<String>>(result, HttpStatus.OK);
}
/**
* 查询全部
* @return
*/
@ApiOperation(value = "获取全部用户", notes = "返回用户实体对象集合", position = 5)
@RequestMapping(value = "/findAll", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public @ResponseBody ResponseEntity<?> findAll() {
Result<List<User>> result = ResultUtil.buildSuccessResult( service.findAll());
return new ResponseEntity<Result<List<User>>>(result, HttpStatus.OK);
}
/**
* 依据用户pk更新实体
* @param userPk 用户pk
* @param user 返回更新后的实体
* @return
*/
@ApiOperation(value = "更新用户", notes = "返回更新的用户实体对象",position = 5)
@RequestMapping(value = "/update/{userPk}", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
public ResponseEntity<?> updateByPk(
@PathVariable("userPk") Integer userPk, @RequestBody User user) {
user.setPk_user(userPk);
service.update(user);
Result<User> result = ResultUtil.buildSuccessResult(user);
return new ResponseEntity<Result<User>>(result, HttpStatus.OK);
}
/**
* 依据用户pk删除实体
* @param userPk 用户pk
* @return
*/
@ApiOperation(value = "删除用户", notes = "依据pk删除用户",position = 5)
@RequestMapping(value = "/delete/{userPk}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ResponseEntity<?> deleteByPk(
@PathVariable("userPk") Integer userPk) {
service.delete(userPk);
Result<String> result = ResultUtil.buildSuccessResult("删除成功");
return new ResponseEntity<Result<String>>(result, HttpStatus.OK);
}
}
2.2.6.启动中间件
项目配置了Jetty或者Tomcat等Web容器的话,在相应的Controller配置好的话就能够启动看效果了。
- 远程演示样例:http://115.29.170.213/api
2.2.7.需求定制
- 分组信息定制
- Url定制
- Http对应定制
三、学习感想
Swagger非常好的为我们在开发RESTful框架应用时,前后台分离的情况下提供了非常有效的解决方式。上手迅速,操作简单,界面精简,功能完好。满足各种定制化的需求,是在使用Spring MVC做Web开发时的不二选择。
通过对swagger的学习。增强了英语交流的能力。改变了曾经的学习方法。收获了非常多,同一时候也也得感谢国外友人的悉心帮助~技术无国界~
3.1 Guava工具类的使用 http://ifeve.com/google-guava/
Guavaproject包括了若干被Google的 Java项目广泛依赖 的核心库,比如:集合 [collections] 、缓存 [caching] 、原生类型支持 [primitives support] 、并发库 [concurrency libraries] 、通用注解 [common annotations] 、字符串处理 [string processing] 、I/O 等等
3.2 Gradle构建工具的使用 http://ifeve.com/google-guava/
配置更加简洁。支持Maven,好多开源项目已经从Maven转到Gradle。
3.3 Groovy语言 http://groovy.codehaus.org/User+Guide
和scala、clojure等同是在JVM上执行的脚本语言,丰富的类库。和Java互通。能够作为Java程序猿的第二语言。
3.4 链式编程 (return this)
Java中类似Swagger配置文件SwaggerSpringMvcPlugin
JQuery中类似 $("#p1").css("color","red").slideUp(2000).slideDown(2000);