C#汉字转拼音

　　下载并引入两个dll文件 NPinyin.dll 和 ChnCharInfo.dll 

　　其实这两个dll 任何一个都可以实现汉字转拼音，然而 NPinyin.dll 收录的汉字并不全，但是很人性化，能识别一些常用的汉字。ChnCharInfo.dll 是微软的很全但是不人性化。另外本套代码外有一个自己维护的个别汉字文件，例如一些多音字姓氏。

　　本程序的使用场景是姓名转拼音，所以先判断第一个汉字是否在自己维护的拼音库中存在，如果存在者优先使用这个库中汉字所对应的拼音，如果不存在者优先使用NPinyin库中转化拼音的方法，转化失败再使用微软提供的ChnCharInfo中转拼音的方法。

　　Main函数

 static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string path = @"PinYinDic.txt";
            StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(path, Encoding.Default);
            Dictionary<char, string> pinyinDic = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<char, string>>(sr.ReadToEnd());

            string name = "薄露露";
            Console.WriteLine(name+PinYinHelper.ConvertToAllSpell(name, pinyinDic).ToLower());
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

PinYinHelper类

public class PinYinHelper
    {
        private static Encoding gb2312 = Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");

        /// <summary>
        /// 汉字转全拼
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strChinese"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string ConvertToAllSpell(string strChinese, IDictionary<char, string> pinyinDic = null)
        {
            try
            {
                if (strChinese.Length != 0)
                {
                    StringBuilder fullSpell = new StringBuilder();
                    for (int i = 0; i < strChinese.Length; i++)
                    {
                        var chr = strChinese[i];
                        string pinyin = string.Empty;
                        if (i == 0)
                        {
                            pinyin = GetFromPinYinDic(chr, pinyinDic); 
                        }
                        if (pinyin.Length == 0)
                        {
                            pinyin = GetSpell(chr);
                        }
                        fullSpell.Append(pinyin);
                    }

                    return fullSpell.ToString().ToLower();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("全拼转化出错！" + e.Message);
            }

            return string.Empty;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 汉字转首字母
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strChinese"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetFirstSpell(string strChinese)
        {
            //NPinyin.Pinyin.GetInitials(strChinese)  有Bug  洺无法识别
            //return NPinyin.Pinyin.GetInitials(strChinese);

            try
            {
                if (strChinese.Length != 0)
                {
                    StringBuilder fullSpell = new StringBuilder();
                    for (int i = 0; i < strChinese.Length; i++)
                    {
                        var chr = strChinese[i];
                        fullSpell.Append(GetSpell(chr)[0]);
                    }

                    return fullSpell.ToString().ToUpper();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("首字母转化出错！" + e.Message);
            }

            return string.Empty;
        }

        private static string GetSpell(char chr)
        {
            var coverchr = NPinyin.Pinyin.GetPinyin(chr);
            bool isChineses = ChineseChar.IsValidChar(coverchr[0]);
            if (isChineses)
            {
                ChineseChar chineseChar = new ChineseChar(coverchr[0]);
                foreach (string value in chineseChar.Pinyins)
                {
                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
                    {
                        return value.Remove(value.Length - 1, 1);
                    }
                }
            }

            return coverchr;

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 从字典获取拼音
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="c">字</param>
        /// <param name="pinyinDic">字典</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static string GetFromPinYinDic(char c, IDictionary<char, string> pinyinDic)
        {
            if (pinyinDic == null
                || pinyinDic.Count == 0
                || !pinyinDic.ContainsKey(c))
            {
                return "";
            }

            return pinyinDic[c];
        }
    }

接下来是本程序维护的 PinYinDic.txt，该文件放在"inDebug"目录下，当然也可以不使用。

{
"红":"hong",
"贾":"jia",
"薄":"bo",
"褚":"chu",
"翟":"zhai",
"郇":"xun",
"盖":"ge",
"乐":"yue",
"区":"ou",
"卜":"bu",
"曾":"zeng",
"丁":"ding",
"无":"wu",
"长":"chang",
"其":"qi",
"巷":"xiang",
"将":"jiang",
"氏":"shi",
"色":"se",
"系":"xi",
"重":"chong",
"乜":"nie",
"孛":"bo",
"卒":"zu",
"单":"shan",
"解":"xie",
"仇":"qiu",
"隗":"wei",
"查":"zha",
"繁":"po",
"朴":"piao"
}