mysql 5.1以上支持定时任务。
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'event_scheduler'; 检查是否已开启该功能
开启计划任务功能:
SET GLOBAL event_scheduler = 1;
或SET GLOBAL event_scheduler = ON;
或者
my.ini or my.cnf 中的
[mysqld]
添加 event_scheduler=ON
先来看一下它的语法:
CREATE EVENT [IF NOT EXISTS] event_name
ON SCHEDULE schedule
[ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE]
[ENABLE | DISABLE]
[COMMENT 'comment']
DO sql_statement;
schedule:
AT TIMESTAMP [+ INTERVAL INTERVAL]
| EVERY INTERVAL [STARTS TIMESTAMP] [ENDS TIMESTAMP]
INTERVAL:
quantity {YEAR | QUARTER | MONTH | DAY | HOUR | MINUTE |
WEEK | SECOND | YEAR_MONTH | DAY_HOUR | DAY_MINUTE |
DAY_SECOND | HOUR_MINUTE | HOUR_SECOND | MINUTE_SECOND}
#单次计划任务: AT 时戳
#重复的计划任务 EVERY 时间(单位)的数量 时间单位 [STARTS 时戳][ENDS 时戳]
在两种计划任务中,时戳可以是任意的TIMESTAMP 和DATETIME 数据类型,要求提供的是将来的时间(大于CURRENT_TIMESTAMP),而且小于Unix时间的最后时间(等于或小于'2037-12-31 23:59:59')
时间单位是关键词:YEAR,MONTH,DAY,HOUR,MINUTE 或者SECOND
3.[ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE] COMPLETION 当单次计划任务执行完毕后或当重复性的计划任务执行到了ENDS阶段。而声明PRESERVE的作用是使事件在执行完毕后不会被Drop掉
4.[ENABLE|DESABLE] ENABLE 开启事件 DESABLE 关闭事件
5.COMMENT 注释
6.DO sql_statement 执行的sql语句
USE test;
CREATE TABLE aaa (timeline TIMESTAMP);
CREATE EVENT e_test_insert
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 SECOND
DO INSERT INTO test.aaa VALUES (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);
等待3秒钟后,再执行查询看看:
mysql> SELECT * FROM aaa;
+---------------------+
| timeline |
+---------------------+
| 2007-07-18 20:44:26 |
| 2007-07-18 20:44:27 |
| 2007-07-18 20:44:28 |
+---------------------+
2) 5天后清空test表:
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE AT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 5 DAY
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
3) 2007年7月20日12点整清空test表:
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE AT TIMESTAMP '2007-07-20 12:00:00'
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
4) 每天定时清空test表:
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
5) 5天后开启每天定时清空test表:
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY
STARTS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 5 DAY
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
6) 每天定时清空test表,5天后停止执行:
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY
ENDS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 5 DAY
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
7) 5天后开启每天定时清空test表,一个月后停止执行:
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY
STARTS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 5 DAY
ENDS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 1 MONTH
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
[ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE]可以设置这个事件是执行一次还是持久执行,默认为NOT PRESERVE。
8) 每天定时清空test表(只执行一次,任务完成后就终止该事件):
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY
ON COMPLETION NOT PRESERVE
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
[ENABLE | DISABLE]可是设置该事件创建后状态是否开启或关闭,默认为ENABLE。
[COMMENT ‘comment’]可以给该事件加上注释。
三、修改事件(ALTER EVENT)
ALTER EVENT event_name
[ON SCHEDULE schedule]
[RENAME TO new_event_name]
[ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE]
[COMMENT 'comment']
[ENABLE | DISABLE]
[DO sql_statement]
1) 临时关闭事件
ALTER EVENT e_test DISABLE;
2) 开启事件
ALTER EVENT e_test ENABLE;
3) 将每天清空test表改为5天清空一次:
ALTER EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 5 DAY;
四、删除事件(DROP EVENT)
语 法很简单,如下所示:
DROP EVENT [IF EXISTS] event_name
例如删除前面创建的e_test事件
DROP EVENT e_test;
当然前提是这个事件存在,否则会产生ERROR 1513 (HY000): Unknown event错误,因此最好加上IF EXISTS
DROP EVENT IF EXISTS e_test;
create event test
ON SCHEDULE AT '2007-09-01 12:00:00' + INTERVAL 1 DAY
on completion not preserve
do insert into yyy values('hhh','uuu');
解释:从2007-09-01开始,每天对表yyy在12:00:00进行一个插入操作。而且只执行一次(on completion not preserve )
我的计划任务为:
create event sysplan
ON SCHEDULE AT '2010-05-22 23:00:00' + INTERVAL 1 DAY
on completion not preserve
do truncate table bjproj.ae_tmp;
压力测试数据生成:没分钟插入一条数据
CREATE EVENT add_product ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 SECOND DO INSERT INTO test.products (`product`,`addtime`) VALUES (RAND()*50000+50000,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP) ;