django-nginx-uwsgi 生产环境配置

要注意alias和root的区别
root /path相当于访问static的时候是访问/path/static
alias /path相当于访问static时是访问/path/

1.确认环境 python2.7 django1.8 centos6.8

A.安装django
pip install django==1.8
B.安装uwsgi
pip install uwsgi
报错（-bash: pip: command not found）解决方案
一、pip下载安装
1 安装依赖软件
yum install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel libcurl-devel gcc gcc-c++ -y
2 pip下载
wget "https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-1.5.4.tar.gz#md5=834b2904f92d46aaa333267fb1c922bb" --no-check-certificate

3 pip安装
tar -xzvf pip-1.5.4.tar.gz
cd pip-1.5.4
python setup.py install

python错误：ImportError: No module named setuptools
这句错误提示的表面意思是：没有setuptools的模块，说明python缺少这个模块，那我们只要安装这个模块即可解决此问题，下面我们来安装一下：
在命令行下：
下载setuptools包
wget http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz
解压setuptools包
tar zxvf setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz
cd setuptools-0.6c11
编译setuptools
python setup.py build
开始执行setuptools安装
python setup.py install

C.测试uwsgi是否安装成功
创建测试文件 vim check.py
#!/usr/bin/python
# coding:utf8
def application(env, start_response):
start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
return "Hello World"

启动uwsgi
uwsgi --http :8001 --wsgi-file check.py

用url访问测试，看到hello world 说明uwsgi可以使用
http://ip:8001
D.安装nginx
切换安装源
rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm
安装nginx
yum install nginx -y

E.部署项目代码
安装git命令
yum install git -y
创建代码根目录
mkdir /myweb
获取代码
cd /myweb
git clone https://github.com/xianxiaoyin/Monitoring

修改setting.py
添加 STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static') #指定静态资源存放位置
收集静态资源
cd /myweb/Monitoring
python manage.py collectstatic
报错：
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading either pysqlite2 or sqlite3 modules (tried in that order): No module named _sqlite3

解决方法：
需要安装sqlite-devel之后，重新编译安装Python即可。
yum install sqlite-devel
重新编译安装Python：
./configure
make
make install

报错：
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: The STATICFILES_DIRS setting should not contain the STATIC_ROOT setting
解决方法：
把STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')改为
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static1')

F.配置uwsgi
在/myweb目录下创建wsgi_conf.ini文件
[uwsgi]
socket = 0.0.0.0:3031
chdir = /myweb/Monitoring/
wsgi-file = Monitoring/wsgi.py
processes = 4
threads = 2

G.配置nginx

添加配置文件 vim test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
charset utf-8;
access_log /var/log/nginx/test.access.log main;
index index.html;
location / {
root /myweb/Monitoring;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:3031;
include uwsgi_params;
}
location /static {
alias /myweb/Monitoring/static;
}

}

H.分别启动nginx，uwsgi
service nginx restart #重启nginx
uwsgi wsgi_conf.ini #启动uwsgi

访问
http://ip

访问报502错误
日志显示（权限不够）
2017/02/16 15:56:25 [crit] 2652#2652: *4 connect() to 127.0.0.1:3031 failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream, client: 192.168.136.1, server: localhost, request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", upstream: "uwsgi://127.0.0.1:3031", host: "192.168.136.131", referrer: "http://192.168.136.131/"

解决方案：
关闭seliunx
1.临时关闭
setenforce 0
2.永久关闭
vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
把SELINUX=enforcing改为
SELINUX=disabled

自动搭建脚本

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding:utf-8
'''
install django in the production
django==1.8
python==2.7
uwsgi==2.0.14
'''
import os
import sys

def getVersion(command=''):# get python version
    version = os.popen(command)
    return version.read()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(getVersion('python --version'))
    print('{} {}'.format('uwsgi', getVersion('uwsgi --version')))
    #更新
    os.system('yum update -y')
    #安装依赖包
    a = os.system('yum install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel libcurl-devel gcc gcc-c++ -y')
    if a != 0:
        sys.exit()
    os.system('wget http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz')
    if os.path.exists('setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz'):
        os.system('tar zxvf setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz && cd setuptools-0.6c11 && python setup.py build && python setup.py install')
        os.system('rm -rf ./setuptools*')
    else:
        sys.exit('setuptools install error')
    os.system('wget "https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-1.5.4.tar.gz#md5=834b2904f92d46aaa333267fb1c922bb" --no-check-certificate')
    if os.path.exists('pip-1.5.4.tar.gz'):
        os.system('tar -xzvf pip-1.5.4.tar.gz && cd pip-1.5.4 && python setup.py install')
        os.system('rm -rf ./pip*')
    else:
        sys.exit('pip install error')
    #安装uwsgi
    os.system('pip install uwsgi ')
    #安装django
    os.system('pip install django==1.8')
    #安装nginx
    os.system('rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm')
    os.system('yum install nginx -y && yum install git -y')