day14_oracle数据库备份 恢复

临时表空间恢复

1.建立临时表空间

SQL> create temporary tablespace temp123 tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp123.dbf' size 20M;

2.更改为默认

SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace temp123;

3.SQL> drop tablespace temp;(删除)

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日志文件,控制文件恢复

1.删除2个日志文件

[oracle@sq orcl]$ rm -rf redo01.log redo03.log 

删除所有控制文件

[oracle@sq orcl]$ rm -rf *.ctl

2.

SQL> startup force(报错)

3.

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCL" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG

    MAXLOGFILES 16

    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

    MAXDATAFILES 100

    MAXINSTANCES 8

    MAXLOGHISTORY 292

LOGFILE

  GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M,

  GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M,

  GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M

-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE

  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf',

  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf',

  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf',

  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf',

  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/aaa.dbf'

CHARACTER SET WE8ISO8859P1

;

4.SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

5.SQL> alter database open;(报错)

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;(报错)

SQL> recover database; (报错)

查看恢复目录

SQL> show parameter DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

SQL> recover database using BACKUP CONTROLFILE;

(using backup controlfile.  恢复就不会受“当前controlfile所纪录的SCN”的限制) 成功

提示中输入:  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log (当前就一个日志文件)

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

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部分数据库恢复

1.SQL> alter tablespace users begin backup;

  [oracle@sq orcl]$ cp users01.dbf /home/oracle/db_bak/

2.SQL> alter tablespace users end backup; 

  

3.SQL> create table tt as select * from dba_objects;

  SQL> select count(*) from tt;

  SQL> commit;

4.[oracle@sq orcl]$ rm -rf users01.dbf (模拟损坏)

5.SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;

SQL> conn sys/123456 as sysdba

6.SQL> startup force;(报错 缺少4号文件)

7.SQL> alter database datafile 4 offline;

  [oracle@sq orcl]$ cp /home/oracle/db_bak/users01.dbf .

8.SQL> recover datafile 4;

SQL> alter database datafile 4 online;

9.SQL> startup force;

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完全数据库恢复

步骤跟上面一样

recover database

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归档模式数据文件恢复

1.SQL> create tablespace tbs_recover datafile '/oracle/app/oradata/TEST/tbs_recover.dbf' size 10M;

2.

SQL> create table tab_recover tablespace tbs_recover as select * from dba_objects;

SQL> commit;

3.SQL> alter system switch logfile;

SQL> /

4.[oracle@sq123 TEST]$ rm -rf tbs_recover.dbf 

5.SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;

6.SQL> conn sys/123456 as sysdba

  SQL> select * from tab_recover;(报错)

7.SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;

8.SQL> alter database create datafile '/oracle/app/oradata/TEST/tbs_recover.dbf';

(创建出表空间)

9.SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;(报错)

SQL> recover datafile 5;

AUTO

10.SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;(成功)

   SQL> select * from tab_recover;(数据回来了)

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不完全数据库恢复

日志挖掘技术确定误操作时间与scn

查看当前时间

alter database begin backup;

cp *.dbf /home/oracle/db_bak

alter database end backup;

SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual;  2012-04-24 07:20:34

SQL> drop table tab_recover;

1.日志挖掘技术,确定误删除表的时间

[oracle@sq123 ~]$ mkdir logminer

存储目录

SQL> alter system set utl_file_dir='/home/oracle/logminer' scope=spfile;

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup

2.创建存储数据字典文件的文件

SQL> execute dbms_logmnr_d.build('shwdict.ora','/home/oracle/logminer');

cd /home/oracle/logminer/

3.

SQL> execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/TEST/archivelog/2012_03_12/o1_mf_1_9_7osoj41g_.arc',dbms_logmnr.new);

4.挖掘数据

SQL> exec dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr (dictfilename=>'/home/oracle/logminer/shwdict.ora');

5.

SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';

SQL> select SCN,TIMESTAMP,SQL_REDO from v$LOGMNR_CONTENTS where SQL_REDO like '%drop%';

结果:

    716922 2012-03-12 06:12:38

drop table tab_recover AS "BIN$uv7sdpUIi1TgQAB/AQByfw==$0" ;

恢复数据

6.

SQL> shutdown abort;

SQL> startup mount

[oracle@sq123 db_bak]$ cp *.dbf /oracle/app/oradata/TEST/

SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';

7.

SQL> recover database until time '2012-04-24 07:20:34';

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

8.

SQL> conn sys/123456 as sysdba

SQL> select count(*) from tab_recover; (数据恢复出来了)

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日志文件恢复

1.[oracle@sq orcl]$ rm *.log

  SQL> startup force(报错)

2.SQL> alter database open resetlogs;(报错)

3.SQL> recover database until cancel;

(执行RECOVER命令，在提示输入归档日志时，应用这些归档日志提示输入归档日志序列号时，不输入这个文件的名称或者不接受建议的名称，而是输入CANCEL)

(恢复不能成功,因为我们没有归档日志了)

4.添加隐藏参数

SQL> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=true scope=spfile;

(强制启动数据库，设置此参数之后，在数据库Open过程中，Oracle会跳过某些一致性检查，从而使数据库可能跳过不一致状态，Open打开)

5.SQL> startup force

  SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

  (可以启动,但是刚才没有同步到硬盘的数据丢失了)

--后续操作

SQL> create pfile from spfile

然后vi pfile文件 

删除 *._allow_resetlogs_corruption

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

SQL> startup force

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来自为知笔记(Wiz)