前言
spring Boot中引入了自动配置,让开发者利用起来更加的简便、快捷,本篇讲利用RabbitMQ的自动配置为例讲分析下Spring Boot中的自动配置原理。
在上一篇末尾讲述了Spring Boot 默认情况下会为ConnectionFactory、RabbitTemplate等bean,在前面的文章中也讲到嵌入的Tomcat默认配置为8080端口
这些都属于Spring Boot自动配置的范畴,当然其自动配置相当多。
EnableAutoConfiguration注解
在创建Application时我们使用了SpringBootApplication注解,在spring boot实战(第九篇)Application创建源码分析中曾有所分析,再来看下其定义:
- @Target(ElementType.TYPE)
- @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
- @Documented
- @Inherited
- @Configuration
- @EnableAutoConfiguration
- @ComponentScan
- public @interface SpringBootApplication {
- Class<?>[] exclude() default {};
- }
该注解上存在元注解@EnableAutoConfiguration,这就是Spring Boot自动配置实现的核心入口;其定义为:
- @Target(ElementType.TYPE)
- @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
- @Documented
- @Inherited
- @Import({ EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class,
- AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class })
- public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
- /**
- * Exclude specific auto-configuration classes such that they will never be applied.
- * @return the classes to exclude
- */
- Class<?>[] exclude() default {};
- }
很显然能看出有一特殊的注解@Import,该注解在spring boot实战(第十篇)Spring boot Bean加载源码分析中有讲解到,加载bean时会解析Import注解,因此需要讲目光聚集在这段代码
- @Import({ EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class,
- AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class })
EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector
来看EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector类
- public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {
- try {
- AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotationAttributes.fromMap(metadata
- .getAnnotationAttributes(EnableAutoConfiguration.class.getName(),
- true));
- Assert.notNull(attributes, "No auto-configuration attributes found. Is "
- + metadata.getClassName()
- + " annotated with @EnableAutoConfiguration?");
- // Find all possible auto configuration classes, filtering duplicates
- List<String> factories = new ArrayList<String>(new LinkedHashSet<String>(
- SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(EnableAutoConfiguration.class,
- this.beanClassLoader)));
- // Remove those specifically disabled
- factories.removeAll(Arrays.asList(attributes.getStringArray("exclude")));
- // Sort
- factories = new AutoConfigurationSorter(this.resourceLoader)
- .getInPriorityOrder(factories);
- return factories.toArray(new String[factories.size()]);
- }
- catch (IOException ex) {
- throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
- }
- }
看如下代码,获取类路径下spring.factories下key为EnableAutoConfiguration全限定名对应值
- SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(EnableAutoConfiguration.class,
- this.beanClassLoader))
其结果为:
- # Auto Configure
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cloud.CloudAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jpa.JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.solr.SolrRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.rest.RepositoryRestMvcAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.gson.GsonAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hateoas.HypermediaAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.integration.IntegrationAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.XADataSourceAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JmsAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jmx.JmxAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JndiConnectionFactoryAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.activemq.ActiveMQAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.hornetq.HornetQAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.liquibase.LiquibaseAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mobile.DeviceResolverAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mobile.DeviceDelegatingViewResolverAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mobile.SitePreferenceAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.reactor.ReactorAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.SecurityAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.FallbackWebSecurityAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.SocialWebAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.FacebookAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.LinkedInAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.TwitterAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.solr.SolrAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.velocity.VelocityAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.GzipFilterAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.HttpMessageConvertersAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.MultipartAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ServerPropertiesAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,
- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.WebSocketAutoConfiguration
以上为Spring Boot中所有的自动配置相关类;在启动过程中会解析对应类配置信息,以RabbitMQ为例,则会去解析RabbitAutoConfiguration
RabbitAutoConfiguration
首先来看RabbitAutoConfiguration类上的注解:
- @Configuration
- @ConditionalOnClass({ RabbitTemplate.class, Channel.class })
- @EnableConfigurationProperties(RabbitProperties.class)
- @Import(RabbitAnnotationDrivenConfiguration.class)
- public class RabbitAutoConfiguration {
- @Configuration: 应该不需要解释
-
@ConditionalOnClass:表示存在对应的Class文件时才会去解析RabbitAutoConfiguration,否则直接跳过不解析,这也是为什么在不导入RabbitMQ依赖Jar时工程能正常启动的原因
-
@EnableConfigurationProperties:表示对@ConfigurationProperties的内嵌支持,默认会将对应Class这是为bean,例如这里值为RabbitProperties.class,其定义为:
- @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.rabbitmq")
- public class RabbitProperties {
- /**
- * RabbitMQ host.
- */
- private String host = "localhost";
- /**
- * RabbitMQ port.
- */
- private int port = 5672; .... //省略部分代码}
- @Import为导入配置,RabbitAnnotationDrivenConfiguration具体实现如下:
- @Configuration
- @ConditionalOnClass(EnableRabbit.class)
- class RabbitAnnotationDrivenConfiguration {
- @Autowired(required = false)
- private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;
- @Bean
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "rabbitListenerContainerFactory")
- public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory rabbitListenerContainerFactory(
- ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
- SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
- factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
- if (this.transactionManager != null) {
- factory.setTransactionManager(this.transactionManager);
- }
- return factory;
- }
- @EnableRabbit
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = RabbitListenerConfigUtils.RABBIT_LISTENER_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)
- protected static class EnableRabbitConfiguration {
- }
- }
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "rabbitListenerContainerFactory")
- @Configuration
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean(ConnectionFactory.class)
- protected static class RabbitConnectionFactoryCreator {
- @Bean
- public ConnectionFactory rabbitConnectionFactory(RabbitProperties config) {
- CachingConnectionFactory factory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
- String addresses = config.getAddresses();
- factory.setAddresses(addresses);
- if (config.getHost() != null) {
- factory.setHost(config.getHost());
- factory.setPort(config.getPort());
- }
- if (config.getUsername() != null) {
- factory.setUsername(config.getUsername());
- }
- if (config.getPassword() != null) {
- factory.setPassword(config.getPassword());
- }
- if (config.getVirtualHost() != null) {
- factory.setVirtualHost(config.getVirtualHost());
- }
- return factory;
- }
- }
- @Bean
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean(RabbitTemplate.class)
- public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate() {
- return new RabbitTemplate(this.connectionFactory);
- }
创建了默认的RabbitTemplate;下面创建的RabbitMessagingTemplate实现对RabbitTemplate的包装。