《重构——改善既有代码》
Motivation
ü 类型码不是类型安全的,终究只是一堆数字或者一个字符串。使用类代替类型码,可以做更好的编译检查。
ü 如果类型码不影响宿主类的行为,则优先考虑使用Replace Type Code with Class
Mechanics
ü 为类型码建立一个类。类中应该定义一组静态变量,表示允许被创建的实例。
ü 修改源类实现,将类型码替换为上面新建的类。
Eclipse重构菜单中没有直接的对应选项,一般主要应用下面两个可逆操作,完成类型码变量的替换:
[Inline] CLAIMED --> PermissionState.CLAIMED
[Extract Constant] PermissionState.CLAIMED --> CLAIMED
表示类型的Class,一般可以是enum, 静态内部类,或者一般的类。
1. 使用enum
private enum PermissionState { REQUESTED("REQUESTEDd"), CLAIMED("CLAIMEDd"), DENIED("DENIED"), GRANTED("GRANTED"); String mState; private PermissionState(String state) {mState = state;} private String getState() { return mState; } // enum 有valueof(String arg)作为setState() }
2. 静态内部类
static class PermissionState { public final static PermissionState REQUESTED = new PermissionState("REQUESTED"); public final static PermissionState CLAIMED = new PermissionState("CLAIMED"); public final static PermissionState DENIED = new PermissionState("DENIED"); public final static PermissionState GRANTED = new PermissionState("GRANTED"); public final static PermissionState UNKNOWN = new PermissionState("UNKNOWN"); String mState; // 构造函数应该private private PermissionState(String state) { mState = state; } public String getState() { return mState; } }
3. 一般类,意味着有继承体系
abstract class PermissionState { public final static String REQUESTED = "REQUESTED"; public final static String CLAIMED = "CLAIMED"; public final static String DENIED = "DENIED"; public final static String GRANTED = "GRANTED"; public final static String UNKNOWN = "UNKNOWN"; // String mState; // no field mState public abstract String getState() ; // override by subclass public void setState() { //switch REQUESTED, CLAIMED } }
一般两个特征总是必不可少,getState, setSate。 进一步,因为类型码是有限可列举的,所以setState最好是可以使用HashMap实现,static Hashmap<typecode, class>.
over
完整的重构代码包here下载