springmvc之与spring进行整合

1.新建一个Dynamic Web Project

2.建立相应目录如下：

3。在lib下加入相应的包

4.配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
    <!-- 配置启动spring IOC容器的Listener -->
    <!-- needed for ContextLoaderListener -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
    <!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

关键的就两个：contextConfigLocation和springDispatcherServlet。

5.springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
    
    <!--  
        问题: 若 Spring 的 IOC 容器和 SpringMVC 的 IOC 容器扫描的包有重合的部分, 就会导致有的 bean 会被创建 2 次.
        解决:
        1. 使 Spring 的 IOC 容器扫描的包和 SpringMVC 的 IOC 容器扫描的包没有重合的部分. 
        2. 使用 exclude-filter 和 include-filter 子节点来规定只能扫描的注解
    -->
    
    <!--  
        SpringMVC 的 IOC 容器中的 bean 可以来引用 Spring IOC 容器中的 bean. 
        返回来呢 ? 反之则不行. Spring IOC 容器中的 bean 却不能来引用 SpringMVC IOC 容器中的 bean!
    -->
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.gong.springmvc" use-default-filters="false">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" 
            expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" 
            expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

</beans>

6.spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.gong.springmvc">
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" 
            expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" 
            expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    
    <!-- 配置数据源，整合其他框架，事务 -->
</beans>

需要注意的就是由于spring和springmvc都需要扫描包，当存在重复的扫描时相关方法会执行两次，因此应该指定哪个配置文件扫描哪种路径下的文件或哪种注解。

7.新建java文件进行测试：

HelloWorld.java

package com.gong.springmvc;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloWorld {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    
    public HelloWorld() {
        System.out.println("Hello World Constructor...");
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/helloworld")
    public String helloWorld() {
        System.out.println("这是helloWorld方法");
        return "success";
    }
}

UserService.java

package com.gong.springmvc;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserService {
    public UserService() {
        System.out.println("UserService Constructor...");
    }
}

8。新建jsp页面

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

    <a href="helloworld">Hello World</a>

</body>
</html>

success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    
    <h4>Success Page</h4>
    
</body>
</html>

启动tomcat服务器之后：

点击：

跳转到成功界面，且在控制台中，只执行了一次构造方法，说明整合成功。