par函数mgp 参数-控制坐标轴的位置

mgp 参数的值为长度为3的一个向量，默认值为 c(3, 1, 0); 3个数值控制的元素不同

1) 第一个数值：3， 控制xlab 和  ylab的位置

示例用法：

par(mfrow = c(1, 3), oma = c(1, 1, 1, 1))

plot(1:10, main = "main", sub = "sub", mgp = c(1, 1, 0))
box(which = "figure")
plot(1:10,main = "main", sub = "sub", mgp = c(2, 1, 0))
box(which = "figure")
plot(1:10, main = "main", sub = "sub",mgp = c(3, 1, 0))
box(which = "figure")

效果图如下：

注意观察，xlab 和 ylab的位置，从左到右我分别设置了1到3; 从图中也可以看出来，影响的元素的包括xlab, ylab, sub

2) 第二个数值 1， 影响的是坐标轴的轴线的位置

 示例用法：

par(mfrow = c(1, 3), oma = c(1, 1, 1, 1))

plot(1:10, main = "main", sub = "sub", mgp = c(3,1, 0))
box(which = "figure")
plot(1:10,main = "main", sub = "sub", mgp = c(3, 2, 0))
box(which = "figure")
plot(1:10, main = "main", sub = "sub",mgp = c(3, 3, 0))
box(which = "figure")

效果图如下:

可以看出，受影响的元素为 坐标轴对应的标签的位置；

3） 第三个数值 0：

示例用法：

par(mfrow = c(1, 3), oma = c(1, 1, 1, 1))

plot(1:10, main = "main", sub = "sub", mgp = c(3,1, 0))
box(which = "figure")
plot(1:10,main = "main", sub = "sub", mgp = c(3, 1, 1))
box(which = "figure")
plot(1:10, main = "main", sub = "sub",mgp = c(3, 1, 2))
box(which = "figure")

效果图如下:

可以看到，影响的元素为坐标轴轴线的位置；