大学英语三听说文本

网页表格 大学英语听说文本以及答案.rar
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包含听力的全部文本,以及对应音频的名字
 
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u05_2.1_1n.mp3
u05_2.1_1s.mp3
文件名说明
u+单元+第几部分+第几题
一个单元有5部分的，每部分各有若题
n normal 正常语速
s slow 慢语速
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test

test

UNIT	TESTID	Title	Script	Script_Snd	Ques	Ans1	Ans2	Ans3	Ans4	Corr
1	1.1	Live and Love	W: Did the doctor call? Did he say I'm pregnant?^ M: Yeah, I just talked to him.^ W: What did he say? Are we going to have a baby?^ M: You're really excited about this, aren't you?^ W: You know I am! It's my dream to have a baby that I can teach how to be a loving person. I thought you were excited too.^ M: Sure, I am. I am. I'm excited for the same reason as you are. I think we can do what you said -- we can teach this baby how to grow up and become a loving person.^ W: So... is there a baby? What did the doctor say?^ M: It's exactly what we wanted. We're going to have a baby! Let's start off by calling our families and telling them the good news. I believe our parents are going to be as thrilled as we are.	u01_1.mp3	The doctor has not called yet to tell them about the woman's being pregnant.^The woman is more excited about having a baby than the man is.^Both of the speakers are looking forward to teaching their child to be a loving person.					F^NG^T
1	1.2	Live and Love	W: Did the doctor call? Did he say I'm pregnant?^ M: Yeah, I just talked to him.^ W: What did he say? Are we going to have a baby?^ M: You're really excited about this, aren't you?^ W: You know I am! It's my dream to have a baby that I can teach how to be a loving person. I thought you were excited too.^ M: Sure, I am. I am. I'm excited for the same reason as you are. I think we can do what you said -- we can teach this baby how to grow up and become a loving person.^ W: So... is there a baby? What did the doctor say?^ M: It's exactly what we wanted. We're going to have a baby! Let's start off by calling our families and telling them the good news. I believe our parents are going to be as thrilled as we are.	u01_1.mp3	How would you define a loving person? Do you think you are a loving person? Give your reasons.
1	2.1	To Be a Loving Person	W: I don't know what to say about your new girlfriend -- she seems so cold, so distant.^ M: Deep down, she's a loving person. The problem is that she didn't have a loving family like ours. So she doesn't know how to express love.^ Q: According to the man, what's wrong with his new girlfriend?	u01_2.1_1.mp3		A) She's much too cold and distant.	B) She's not loving toward her own family.	C) She's loving, but doesn't know how to show it.	D) She's never expressed her love to him.	C
1	2.1		W: You look at my father and see a tough man with a gun and blood on his hands. But I see him as a man who always provides for his family.^ M: Whoa, wait a minute. I didn't say anything of the sort. I admire your father a lot.^ Q: What does the man think about the woman's father?	u01_2.1_2.mp3		A) Her father is much too tough.	B) Her father is crazy about guns.	C) Her father has provided for the family.	D) Her father is admirable.	D
1	2.1		W: You know, I never understood why my parents kept giving second chances to my brother. He never does right by them.^ M: Then you don't understand the nature of love. Love means never quitting on the one you love.^ Q: What does the woman NOT understand?	u01_2.1_3.mp3		A) Love requires one not to give up on a person.	B) Her brother's nature keeps him from loving others.	C) Her parents have reasons for not quitting on her brother.	D) She always gets a second chance to do things right.	A
1	2.1		W: If only I had more money, I would buy my parents everything they wanted.^ M: That's a very nice thought, but it's really not necessary. Visit them more. That should be enough for them.^ Q: What should the woman do for her parents?	u01_2.1_4.mp3		A) Let them know they are important to her.	B) Make sure they have enough money.	C) Buy them only what's necessary.	D) Go and see them more often.	D
1	2.1		W: Excuse me! Have you already started class? Or am I on time?^ M: I've already begun the lesson. We're talking about the meaning of love. Please take your seat.^ Q: What is the topic for the class?	u01_2.1_5.mp3		A) What we can learn from love.	B) What love means.	C) How we can find love.	D) How our ideas of love began.	B
1	2.1		W: Some learn from their parents, some from their friends... but if a person has never learned about love, his life is a waste.^ M: I agree whole-heartedly. Thankfully, I learned about love from my parents at an early age.^ Q: What are the speakers talking about?	u01_2.1_6.mp3		A) The importance of learning about love.	B) The people we love in our lives.	C) The age we find love in our lives.	D) The gratitude we owe our parents.	A
1	2.1		W: It's 10 o'clock! You're late again! I just don't know what to say anymore.^ M: Sweetheart, love, darling, you should know that my being late has nothing to do with my love for you. Try to understand me.^ Q: What can we infer from the conversation?	u01_2.1_7.mp3		A) The man returns home late every day.	B) The man doesn't understand the woman.	C) The man doesn't love the woman anymore.	D) The man loves the woman though he is late again.	D
1	2.1		W: Sometimes I'm glad our mother isn't alive. I think if she could see the person I've become, she'd really be disappointed.^ M: Mom had a lot of love for you. If she were here now, she wouldn't judge you that way. She just would've been happy to see her kids and help them when she could.^ Q: According to the man, what would their mother NOT have done if she were alive?	u01_2.1_8.mp3		A) Shared all the love she had.	B) Stayed with them and helped.	C) Said she was disappointed in her daughter.	D) Felt happy to look upon her children.	C
1	2.1		M: Pardon me. Um, why don't you teach us anything about love in class?^ W: Well, love is important, but it's not a good topic for the classroom. You should learn about love from your parents or grandparents.^ Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?	u01_2.1_9.mp3		A) Teacher and student.	B) Mother and son.	C) Father and daughter.	D) Grandmother and grandson.	A
1	2.1		W: I've been thinking about how I could teach my children to be more loving.^ M: Sounds like a job for you and your husband. How about I give you some vacation time? You could take a family trip and talk more with your kids.^ Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?	u01_2.1_10.mp3		A) Wife and husband.	B) Employer and employee.	C) Father and daughter.	D) Mother and son.	B
1	2.2	Set Examples for Your Children	M: Sometimes I really don't understand you. You are often rude to our children, you never play with them, and you rarely say you love them. This isn't how parents are supposed to act. Where did you learn such behavior?^ W: Hey! I don't think I've treated them any differently than my parents treated me and my sisters!^ M: So that's where you learned it... from your parents?^ W: My parents were good. They raised three children.^ M: From what I can see, they didn't teach you how to be a loving person. What is going to happen to our kids? If you keep treating them poorly, they're going to grow up to be just like you.^ W: Listen, there's a lot that I can learn about being a good mother, but I still think I'm doing a good job. Look at our kids. They're already kind and loving people. And I don't think you have any reason to worry.	u01_2.2.mp3	1. What are the two speakers talking about?	A) The woman's attitude toward her children.	B) The impact of parents' relationship on their child.	C) Things a parent can learn about becoming loving.	D) The differences between the woman and her parents.	A
1	2.2				2. According to the man, what is wrong with the way the woman treats her children?	A) She doesn't care about her kids.	B) She acts unlike other parents.	C) She treats her kids rudely.	D) She leaves her kids alone.	C
1	2.2				3. According to the man, what didn't the woman's parents teach her?	A) To be polite to others.	B) To act lovingly toward others.	C) To raise children with good discipline.	D) To follow her parents' example.	B
1	2.2				4. What does the woman think?	A) Her children worry too much.	B) Her children are able to show love.	C) She knows enough about parenting.	D) She has taught her kids about being loving.	B
1	2.2				5. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?	A) Brother and sister.	B) Father and daughter.	C) Mother and son.	D) Husband and wife.	D
1	2.3	How to Raise a Loving Child	All parents want to raise a happy, successful and loving child, but there is little agreement about how best to reach this goal. Over the years, parents have tried dramatically different ways. They have put their baby on a schedule, or they have fed on demand; they have let their baby cry himself to sleep, or they have picked him up as soon as he cried; they have given their child whatever he wants, or they have taught him to get everything through his own efforts. These contrasting parenting strategies arise from quite different views of the nature of children and childhood and the roles of parents. Some parents view their child as naturally social. To them, their job is to allow him the space to succeed. Others think that their child should be taught how to act. There are probably positives and negatives to each method. None of them guarantees that your child will become the loving individual you want him to be. But some things are certain -- a child will be more likely to be loving if you show him love, more successful if you give him examples of success, and happier if you are happy.	u01_2.3.mp3	1. What is this passage about?	A) Becoming a happy, successful, and loving parent.	B) Raising children to be happy, successful, and loving.	C) Trying different methods of parenting.	D) Child-raising at different times in history.	B
1	2.3				2. What do parents NOT agree upon?	A) The best way to raise children.	B) The importance of being happy.	C) The need for different parenting methods.	D) The goals they have for a child.	A
1	2.3				3. Why do parents have different methods for raising children?	A) Because all methods have positive and negative points.	B) Because parents succeed in different areas of parenting.	C) Because parents have different ideas about a child's nature.	D) Because parents show different examples of success.	C
1	2.3				4. How will a father raise his child if he believes his child is naturally social?	A) He will be more loving toward the child.	B) He will tend to take more control.	C) He will give the child more room.	D) He will encourage the child to succeed.	C
1	2.3				5. What can we be certain of?	A) Parenting that includes lessons in love guarantees success.	B) Different methods should be tried because they all have positive and negative points.	C) Children have a better chance to become loving if they're loved.	D) Successful parenting will make your child the person you want him to be.	C
1	2.4	Good Marriage	Our "This I Believe" essay today comes from Corinne Colbert, a listener in Athens, Ohio. Colbert is a mother of two. She writes the newsletter for a business organization, and she is president of a parent-teacher's organization. Here's Corinne Colbert with her essay for "This I Believe".^ My husband is not my best friend. He doesn't complete me. In fact, he can be a self- absorbed jerk. We're nearly polar opposites: He's a lifetime member of the NRA who doesn't care for journalists, and I'm a lifelong liberal with a journalism degree. On the other hand, he doesn't beat or emotionally abuse me. He doesn't drink or chase other women. He's a good provider. So I'm sticking with him. Some people would call that "settling", like it's a bad thing. But I believe in settling.^ Alas, to many of us, the grass is greener on the other side of the fence. From movies to magazines to commercials, we're told that we should demand more from lives that are, for many of us, pretty good. We suppose to look better, eat better, find better jobs, be better lovers and parents and workers. A stable marriage isn't enough. It's supposed to be a fairy tale. Perfection is the goal.^ Settling in my sense, is about acceptance. I'm a pretty happy person, in large part because I'm honest with myself about what I have.^ Of course, some situations are worth improving. If your weight jeopardizes your health, exercise and change your eating habits; if your job makes you truly miserable, find a new one. If your marriage is toxic, end it. Chances are, though, you probably have what you need. If you're unhappy, ask yourself: Am I unhappy because I really don't have what I need, or because I just want more?^ So, yes, I'm settling. I'm happy with my husband who, despite his flaws, is a caring father, capable of acts of stunning generosity and fiercely protective of his family. Thinking about him may not set me on fire as it used to, but after 17 years and two kids, our love is still warm. And I believe that's good enough.	u01_2.4.mp3	1. The speaker is a lifelong liberal with ____________________ while her husband doesn't care for journalists. 2. The speaker thinks that lives are ____________________ for most of us, though we are told to demand more from lives. 3. The speaker says she is a happy person mainly because she is honest with herself ____________________ . 4. When you are unhappy, you should ask yourself whether it is because you don't have what you need, or because ____________________ . 5. One of the good points about the speaker's husband is that he is ____________________ .	a journalism degree^pretty good^about what she has^you just want more^protective of his family^about acceptance^as a writer				a journalism degree^pretty good^about what she has^you just want more^protective of his family
1	2.5	Watching TV Is Bad	Before the television was invented, families spent their spare time doing different activities together. Now, most families stay at home and watch TV. But there are a few reasons why watching television can be harmful.^ The most important reason why watching TV is bad is it influences how much family members communicate. Parents, grandparents, and other family members have a lot of wisdom to share. This wisdom, however, is often ignored by young people who watch TV.^ Furthermore, watching television is bad because it reduces children's study time. Researchers have found that children who watch little or no television spend three hours a day on study more than frequent TV watchers.^ Finally, TV programs can be a bad influence. Some shows, as we all know, include inappropriate language and too much violence. And while there is still a great amount of general discussion as to whether or not children will imitate the bad things they see on TV, many researchers say children do repeat what they see. Several studies link their behavior to TV programs; for example, children are three times more likely to get into fights at school if they watch violent TV programs.	u01_2.5.mp3	1^1^1	0^0^0		Reasons why watching TV is bad		It influences how much family members communicate.^It reduces children's study time.^It can be a bad influence.
1	2.6	Shinny Happy People	Hey!^ Shiny happy people laughing^ Meet me in the crowd^ People people^ Throw your love around^ Love me love me^ Take it into town^ Happy happy^ Put it in the ground^ Where the flowers grow^ Gold and silver shine^^ Shiny happy people holding hands^ Shiny happy people holding hands^ Shiny happy people laughing^^ Everyone around love them, love them^ Put it in your hands^ Take it take it^ There's no time to cry^ Happy happy^ Put it in your heart^ Where tomorrow shines^ Gold and silver shine^ Shiny happy people holding hands^ Shiny happy people holding hands^ Shiny happy people laughing^ Oh, here we go...	u01_2.6.mp3
1	3.1	Negation	A: It seems to be clearing up.^ B: That's such a nice change.^ A: I think it's going to be nice all weekend. What do you think of that?^ B: Well, that's not the way I see it. They say we are going to get some rain later.^ A: As long as it doesn't snow!
1	3.1		A: You haven't been around much lately, have you?^ B: No, I've been away on vacation.^ A: Wow. Where have you been?^ B: San Diego. I've got an old friend there. But I found the natives are a little bit harsh to strangers.^ A: Oh really? I wouldn't go along with you there. They treated me nicely when I was on a business trip there.
1	3.1		A: Would you like to order now, sir?^ B: Yes. I'll have the fish to start. Would you like the same, dear?^ C: Actually, I'd like some soup.^ A: And what would you like for the main course?^ B: We'll have the lamb chops, well-done, please.
1	3.1		A: I've been told you might have a vacant room.^ B: Yes. I have a spare room.^ A: What do you charge?^ B: $35 a week, but you can't have visitors.^ A: Fine. And do you mind if I keep pets?^ B: I'm afraid so. Pets aren't allowed here.
1	3.2	Summarize a Passage: Watching TV Is Bad	Before the television was invented, families spent their spare time doing different activities together. Now, most families stay at home and watch TV. But there are a few reasons why watching television can be harmful.^ The most important reason why watching TV is bad is it influences how much family members communicate. Parents, grandparents, and other family members have a lot of wisdom to share. This wisdom, however, is often ignored by young people who watch TV.^ Furthermore, watching television is bad because it reduces children's study time. Researchers have found that children who watch little or no television spend three hours a day on study more than frequent TV watchers.^ Finally, TV programs can be a bad influence. Some shows, as we all know, include inappropriate language and too much violence. And while there is still a great amount of general discussion as to whether or not children will imitate the bad things they see on TV, many researchers say children do repeat what they see. Several studies link their behavior to TV programs; for example, children are three times more likely to get into fights at school if they watch violent TV programs.	u01_2.5.mp3		The speaker believes that watching TV has three bad effects.^TV-watching is bad for our children.
1	3.3	To Love or to Spoil	Parents' desire to express love to their children is endless! Many parents want to give whatever they can afford to their children. Fashionable clothes, a separate bedroom with a television and a telephone, a lot of pocket money, or even a car -- if parents can give their children these things, they often will. They also try hard to protect their children from any outside threats or pressures. In this way, they hope their children will live a comfortable life that is free of the hardships that they themselves went through.	u01_3.3.mp3	Do you think this is true love? What must parents do in order to prove their love?	On the subject of gift-giving and a parent's love, we must get clear about what true love is. One thing that we can be sure of is that true love is not about giving material things. Parents who give their children many things, such as a beautiful car or brand-name clothing, are losing sight of what it means to love someone. If parents truly love their children, they will help them to get prepared to work on their own in the future. By giving their children too many things, parents actually work against the goal of readying them for life's long journey. The uncontrolled gift-giving impetus only creates spoiled children who are not well-positioned for a future in which they must depend on no one but themselves. This is not to say that parents should not give things to their children. Of course, some things are necessary, as children do have needs. However, gift-giving should be balanced. Parents must know how to say "No" to their children; this is true love.
1	4.1	Talk About Love	Hi everyone, my name is Kim. I was born in Korea and raised in California. Now, I want to talk to everyone a little bit about love today. I think the difference between love in the Western world and love in the Eastern world could be very different. I think growing up in, in the California you know love is more or less a means to an end, where, where... people, you know, fall in love and enjoy the process and maybe they live together. But in the Eastern world, it's more, well it's forbidden to live together before you're married. And I think falling in love is all about the goal of getting married and not so much about the process, so I think that's a little sad because you know if I was going to get married, I'd probably want to live with that person for a little while before I do. So there you go. I'm not saying what right or wrong, but, you know, it's your own take on love. Thank you.^ Hi, my name is Sarah. I'm from Germany and today I want to tell you about love and marriage, between the East and the West, between Germany and India. Um, actually I have a friend and she fell in love with a boy from India. And there are a lot of cultural differences in this relationship of course. In this relationship is, they, the family, the parents, because family in India, for example, in the Asian culture is much more important than in Germany. I heard somebody, I heard a saying once that when you, when you marry somebody in India, then you don't actually marry a person. You marry the whole family. So, for this friend from Germany that I had, she was together with this boy from India for about two years and when they fall in love with each other, she immediately told her parents in Germany. But he told his parents only after about two years.^ Hi, my name is Ayumi and I am from Japan. I spent a few years studying in the United States. The topic I will be talking about is "Life and Love". Growing up in Japan, it was not very common for parents to show their love and affection for their children. In my house, my dad and my mom didn't show us that they loved us by giving us hugs and kisses, or telling us that they loved us. But instead, they would take care of us by providing food and shelter for us, and making sure that we had everything we needed. Coming to America for school, I noticed that American families are much more affectionate. Parents always tell their kids that they love them and are never afraid to give them hugs. Going back to Japan, I've started doing this with my parents and they've slowly become more adapted to this new way of life. And I think it's great that we can be more open about being... of great... a family and showing our love to each other without hesitation. Thank you.^ Hi, my name is Ted and I'm from America. And today, I'm going to talk a little bit about love. Now, this isn't romantic love. I'm going to talk about the love between parents and their children -- family love. Now, I'm very lucky. I think I have great parents. I love my parents a lot. But one thing that's a little bit different, maybe unique to America, is that my parents raised me to be independent. So, they wanted me to be free, after I turned 18 or 21, to do what I wanted to do. And I live in Asia, which is far away. Another thing that's a little bit different than, say, Chinese culture, is that my parents don't want to be a burden to me as they grow older. So, they've been worrying about their retirement, saving for their retirement. They don't want me to take care of them. Of course I will if that... they need my help but they're saving for their own retirement. And that is something I will do as a parent. I don't want to be a burden to my son, although I will ask for his help if I ever do need it. So family love, love between parents and children, is important.							Kim01.jpg^Sarah.jpg^Ayumi.jpg^Ted.jpg
1	4.2				Kim: In the Eastern world, people are not allowed to live together before they get married. Sarah: Family is equally important for marriage in both Germany and India. Ayumi: Ayumi's parents refused to accept the US way of showing affection to each other. Ted: Ted's parents want to live on their own after retirement rather than living with him.	T F F T				Kim011.jpg^Sarah1.jpg^Ayumi1.jpg^Ted1.jpg
1	4.3
1	5.1	It's Paid to Be Nice	M: Hello? Yes. Um, can I get some help over here?^ W: Sure thing, handsome. What'll it be?^ M: A menu, please.^ W: We don't serve food -- just the beers you see on the wall.^ M: All right. What about that one? It's German, right?^ W: Yeah, it is. Is that what you'd like?^ M: That'll do. But I'd like a cold one if you got one.^ W: Sure thing, sweetie. That'll be $6.25.^ M: Say, you're kinda friendly, aren't you?^ W: Suppose it comes with the job. It pays to be nice to people, don't you think?^ M: I suppose it does. That's what my mother said to me anyway. Oh, wait. Wait a second. Oh no. I can't believe this.^ W: What's wrong?^ M: I think I left my wallet somewhere.^ W: Quick, look around. It's gotta be around here. Maybe on the floor.^ M: No... it's not there. I don't know where it could be. Any chance you can be nice and give me the beer for free?^ W: No chance of that happening. No, if no one's paying, I'm not nice.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.^ 1. What is the man doing in this conversation?^ 2. Where does this conversation take place?^ 3. What does the man want?^ 4. What did the man's mother teach him?^ 5. When is the woman friendly?	u01_5.1.mp3		Q1: What is the man doing in this conversation? Ans: C Q2: Where does this conversation take place? Ans: C Q3: What does the man want? Ans: A Q4: What did the man's mother teach him? Ans: D Q5: When is the woman friendly? Ans: B
1	5.2	Violence Does not Equal Love	It's difficult to know what is truly happening inside a relationship. Though a woman might appear to be happy, she may be a victim of violence. And though a man may appear to be gentle, he might not actually be. Every year estimates range from 3.4 million acts of violence against a wife or girlfriend to 3.9 million in this small country.^ This is bad news. Unfortunately, there is more. Nearly one-third of women reported being beaten by a husband or boyfriend at some point in their lives. Some of this violence resulted in injuries that required a doctor's care. Thirty-seven percent of women who sought emergency room treatment for violence-related injuries in 2005 were injured by their own husbands or boyfriends. What's more, twenty-six percent of all female murder victims in 2006 were killed by their partners.^ What this means is that we as a society must look for the signs of violence. Do you know someone who often gives poor excuses for being hurt? Maybe you should talk with her about violence. Often a woman will stay in a violent relationship because she believes her husband or boyfriend loves her. But she should know that violence does not equal love.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.^ 1. According to the passage, what is difficult?^ 2. How many women are beaten by a husband or boyfriend per year?^ 3. What can we infer from this passage?^ 4. What percentage of female murder victims were killed by a partner in 2006?^ 5. Why does a woman often choose to stay in a violent relationship?	u01_5.2.mp3		Q1: According to the passage, what is difficult? Ans: A Q2: How many women are beaten by a husband or boyfriend per year? Ans: C Q3: What can we infer from this passage? Ans: D Q4: What percentage of female murder victims were killed by a partner in 2006? Ans: C Q5: Why does a woman often choose to stay in a violent relationship? Ans: D
1	5.3	The Benefits of Love	Who doesn't love being in love? A true love listens to you talk about work, lets you have that last slice of pie, and (usually) remembers to take out the trash. He is ready to forget all kinds of misunderstandings. And he always thinks you're beautiful, even without makeup.^ Scientists have long been keen to prove that love gives us health benefits too. Researchers can't say for sure that a lover is more important than a loving family or warm friendship when it comes to wellness. But they are learning more about how a romantic partner makes us stronger, with health gains that range from faster healing and better control over illnesses to living longer.^ The benefits of love are explicit and measurable. A study last year from the University of Pittsburgh found that women in good marriages have a much lower risk of heart disease than those in high-stress relationships. The National Love and Health Study has been tracking more than a million subjects since 1979. The study shows that married people live longer, have fewer heart attacks and lower cancer rates, and even get pneumonia less frequently than singles. A new study from the University of Iowa also found that cancer patients with a strong sense of connection to others and in satisfying relationships were better able to fight off cancer. It seems that love helps people strengthen their immune systems.	u01_5.3.mp3		1) slice 2) misunderstandings 3) beautiful 4) benefits 5) wellness 6) range 7) explicit 8) has been tracking more than a million subjects since 1979 9) have fewer heart attacks and lower cancer rates 10) a strong sense of connection to others and in satisfying relationships
1	5.4	Imitate the reciter	When you are old and gray and full of sleep^ And nodding by the fire, take down this book,^ And slowly read, and dream of the soft look^ Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep;^ How many loved your moments of glad grace,^ And loved your beauty with love false or true;^ But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you,^ And loved the sorrows of your changing face.^^ From "When You Are Old" by William Butler Yeats	u01_5.4.mp3
2	1.1	The World's Healthiest Man	W: Thank you for agreeing to take this interview. I know you're quite a busy man.^ M: I'm always happy to talk to people and answer questions from the audience.^ W: That's very nice to hear. People are calling you the world's healthiest man. What do you think about that?^ M: What do I think? I think people are being very kind to me by saying so. I don't think I'm the healthiest man in the world, but I do take my health seriously. I exercise every day, running, swimming, and lifting weights.^ W: You certainly look great!^ M: Thanks. Better than that, though, I feel great. Exercise makes me happy, keeps my stress level down, and gives me all sorts of energy for my work and family.^ W: Do you have any special words for the audience?^ M: Yes. Start exercising today, and start living a better life.	u02_1.mp3	What exercises does the man do every day?^What are some of the benefits that daily exercise brings the man?^What exercise could you work into your schedule and what are the benefits of daily exercise?	0^0^0				Running, swimming, and lifting weights.^Exercise makes him happy, keeps his stress level down, and gives him all sorts of energy for his work and family.^Well, there is no swimming pool near my home and I can't swim every day. But anyway, I can run in the morning, lift weights after classes or practice tai chi before bedtime. There are many benefits of exercising. They include a stronger body, an improved mood, longer life, better appearance and an overall sense of well-being.
2	1.2	The World's Healthiest Man	W: Thank you for agreeing to take this interview. I know you're quite a busy man.^ M: I'm always happy to talk to people and answer questions from the audience.^ W: That's very nice to hear. People are calling you the world's healthiest man. What do you think about that?^ M: What do I think? I think people are being very kind to me by saying so. I don't think I'm the healthiest man in the world, but I do take my health seriously. I exercise every day, running, swimming, and lifting weights.^ W: You certainly look great!^ M: Thanks. Better than that, though, I feel great. Exercise makes me happy, keeps my stress level down, and gives me all sorts of energy for my work and family.^ W: Do you have any special words for the audience?^ M: Yes. Start exercising today, and start living a better life.	u02_1.mp3	Which do you prefer to stay healthy, doing exercise or eating healthy food? Give your reasons. Do you believe exercise can cure all of your problems? Why or why not?
2	2.1	Doing More Exercise	W: Wow! You look great! What have you been doing to look so good?^ M: I've been lifting weights. I really feel great. Strange, but it hardly took any time at all before I started seeing improvements in my body.^ Q: What has been happening?	u02_2.1_1.mp3		A) The man hasn't been doing much.	B) The man has been gaining weight.	C) The man has been exercising.	D) The man has been acting strangely.	C
2	2.1		M: Can you help me open this bottle? Someone put the cap on too tight.^ W: Sure thing! Umm... there! Hey, that wasn't tight at all! You really need to work out a little more and build up your strength!^ Q: According to the woman, what is the man's problem?	u02_2.1_2.mp3		A) His efforts at work are not enough.	B) His bottle cap is too tight.	C) His strength needs improvement.	D) His bottle cap is not tight enough.	C
2	2.1		M: I just don't know what I'm going to do about my energy level! No matter what I do, I always feel tired!^ W: Here's an idea: Since you've already been exercising a lot with no result, maybe you can change your diet.^ Q: According to the woman, what should the man do?	u02_2.1_3.mp3		A) Improve his energy level.	B) Eat different foods.	C) Change his ideas.	D) Exercise a lot more.	B
2	2.1		M: I'd really like to begin an exercise program, but I simply don't know how to begin.^ W: I've spoken to a doctor about it. I'll tell you what he told me: Start off with a little bit of running and then do more and more every day.^ Q: What does the woman recommend?	u02_2.1_4.mp3		A) Doing a little running at first.	B) Seeing a doctor for advice.	C) Running with her every day.	D) Doing an enjoyable exercise program.	A
2	2.1		M: I've been feeling terrible lately. Do you think exercise could help me?^ W: I can't say for sure. It probably wouldn't hurt, but exercise can't cure all of your problems.^ Q: What does the woman mean?	u02_2.1_5.mp3		A) Exercise can hurt.	B) Exercise doesn't ever hurt.	C) Exercise cures all problems.	D) Exercise doesn't always help.	D
2	2.1		W: You always do so well in your classes! How do you make it?^ M: Running gives me energy to stay up late into the night. This allows me to study more. Do the same and run with me tomorrow!^ Q: What does the man recommend?	u02_2.1_6.mp3		A) Getting energy for studies.	B) Joining him in his running.	C) Staying awake until late.	D) Studying more than before.	B
2	2.1		M: There's a strange limp in your walk. Did you pull a muscle or something?^ W: Nah. I just feel a bit tired from all of the exercise I've been doing at the gym. I'll return to normal in just a moment.^ Q: What is wrong with the woman?	u02_2.1_7.mp3		A) She has been exercising.	B) She has pulled a muscle.	C) She has worn herself out.	D) She has been to the gym.	C
2	2.1		M: Have you seen how much weight Angela's put on? Why do you think she stopped exercising and started eating such unhealthy foods?^ W: It's a sad story. Her parents got divorced, and now she's totally ignored her health.^ Q: What is the conversation about?	u02_2.1_8.mp3		A) People getting a divorce.	B) Sad stories about divorce.	C) Problems from poor eating.	D) Angela's recent troubles.	D
2	2.1		W: Hello? Are you the person I talked to on the phone about checking in for an appointment?^ M: Yes. Just sign your name on this piece of paper, and the doctor will see you as soon as he is free.^ Q: Where does the conversation possibly take place?	u02_2.1_9.mp3		A) In a clinic.	B) In a downtown office.	C) In a hotel.	D) In a doctor's home.	A
2	2.1		W: I've been so very worried, and I don't have a clue as to why I've been so sick.^ M: Try not to worry too much. Do some running, see me in a week, and let me know if things change. I'll run some tests on you if you're still not feeling well.^ Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?	u02_2.1_10.mp3		A) Doctor and patient.	B) Teacher and student.	C) Father and daughter.	D) Coach and player.	A
2	2.2	Do Not Overwork Yourself	M: Hey! Hold up! Can you spare a minute?^ W: Ugh, do you think you can make it quick?^ M: I'll only need a minute, and then you can return to your run.^ W: Fine, what's up?^ M: Ma and Pa asked me to talk to you about all the exercising you've been doing. They told me I could find you here at the school track.^ W: So what of it?^ M: They think you've been doing a bit too much.^ W: You know what the doctor said -- if I don't get active, I could die of a heart attack.^ M: Yeah, but I don't think he meant for you to do so much. You should take it slowly. Maybe you could build an exercise program that becomes more and more difficult as time goes by.^ W: Is that what your doctor said?^ M: No. It's just common sense. Everyone knows you shouldn't overwork yourself when you start exercising.^ W: Thanks for the concern. But tell Ma and Pa that I'll be fine with what I'm doing.	u02_2.2.mp3	1. What are the speakers talking about?	A) The causes for a person getting heart disease.	B) The advice that the woman's doctor has for her.	C) The woman's problems with her heart.	D) The amount of exercise the woman should get.	D
2	2.2				2. What is the woman doing when the man calls out to her?	A) She is talking to her parents.	B) She is seeing her doctor.	C) She is running on the school track.	D) She is going to the track.	C
2	2.2				3. What are the woman's parents concerned about?	A) That she is exercising too much.	B) That she isn't listening to her doctor.	C) That her heart is growing weaker.	D) That her heart is not strong enough.	A
2	2.2				4. How can the man be so sure of his opinion about exercise?	A) It is something that the woman's doctor told him.	B) It is something that people commonly know.	C) It is something that his parents told him.	D) It was helpful in his own exercise program.	B
2	2.2				5. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?	A) Brother and sister.	B) Father and daughter.	C) Mother and son.	D) Doctor and patient.	A
2	2.3	Stay Active	It is very important to exercise. Many studies have shown that regular activity and exercise can improve overall health substantially. Exercise reduces the risk of heart disease by up to 35%, stroke by about 28%, certain cancers by 20% and more, and high blood pressure by an amazing 52%. Exercise can also help you to build healthy bones and muscles. Athletes must do physical training on a regular basis to increase their level of performance. Exercising includes walking, running, biking, and plenty of other activities as well. My advice would be to pick something you enjoy doing and wouldn't mind pursuing on a regular basis. Then, you must stick to a schedule. You can even pick a few different activities to mix things up and keep it interesting. Also, always stretch before physical activity! This is very important as you do not want to pull muscles. Most importantly, to keep a healthy body you must stay ACTIVE!	u02_2.3.mp3	1. What is this passage about?	A) Sportsmanship.	B) Exercise.	C) Muscles.	D) Disease.	B
2	2.3				2. What effect does exercise have on preventing heart disease?	A) Exercise reduces one's chances of getting heart disease by 28%.	B) Exercise makes it 52% less likely that one will have heart disease.	C) Exercise can increase the chances of recovery from heart disease by 20%.	D) Exercise can reduce the chances of heart disease by 35%.	D
2	2.3				3. Why must athletes exercise?	A) To pull their muscles.	B) To stick to a fixed schedule.	C) To enjoy themselves in an activity.	D) To perform better.	D
2	2.3				4. What does the speaker recommend?	A) Standing physical pressure.	B) Taking up a particular sport.	C) Finding the kind of exercise you like.	D) Increasing physical exertion.	C
2	2.3				5. Why is stretching necessary before you start exercising?	A) To avoid pulling a muscle.	B) To make exercise interesting.	C) To "mix it up" and be different.	D) To stay in an active state.	A
2	2.4	Fast Food and Schools	Here at this Chicago High School and others, there has been so much emphasis on the quality of school menus, but this new study says that none of that really matters when fast food is just a short walk away.^ How can a cafeteria ever hope to compete with this? A new Harvard study says more and more schools now have to. Eighty percent of schools in Chicago with a fast food restaurant less than half a mile away, raising concerns about how easy it is for kids to eat poorly, and whether fast food companies are moving into the neighborhood on purpose.^ "They take into account the demographics of neighborhoods, the roadways in neighborhoods, and where the access is to the consumer base."^ Doctor Bryn Austin is the study's lead author and says on a typical day, nearly a third of American kids eat fast food. When they do, they consume more fat and calories, fewer vegetables and fruits than on days when they don't.^ Overall, nearly nine million children in the US are overweight or obese, more than one in every seven kids, a number that has tripled since 1980. McDonald's criticized the Chicago study saying most restaurants are in heavily trafficked areas. Schools said their spokesmen have nothing to do with it. But child health advocates like Doctor Matte Longjohn say the study shows how recent attempts to improve school menus, even remove soda vending machines, may not be enough to improve children's eating habits.	u02_2.4.mp3	1. People at the Chicago High School have focused on ____________________ . But it has been in vain. 2. There is some question as to whether fast food restaurants are purposely ____________________ . 3. On a regular day, about one out of three schoolchildren ____________________ . 4. McDonald's made critical comments about ____________________ . 5. Removing unhealthy drink machines from schools may not be enough to improve ____________________ .					the quality of school menus^moving into the neighborhood^eats fast food^the Chicago study^children's eating habits
2	2.5	Different Views on Exercise	People talk endlessly about the benefits of exercise. And when they aren't talking about it, they're reading about it in health magazines, watching programs about it on television, or listening to recordings about it. People can become so concerned about exercise that they begin to go insane with worry.^ It's easy to understand why people attach great importance to exercise. Exercise can not only improve your health, but also enhance your mood and reduce depression and anxiety. People who do regular exercise often achieve an overall sense of well-being.^ But this concern about exercise has gone too far. Some people are so obsessed with exercise that they give little time and attention to other aspects of their personal lives. I know a guy who spent all his spare time in the gym. Finally, he found himself estranged from his family. What's more, if you do it in the wrong way, exercise can actually harm your body. Some people work out hard and pull their muscles; some even hurt a joint or break a bone.	u02_2.5.mp3	It can improve your health.^0	It may affect your personal life.^0		Reasons for exercise^Reasons against exercise		It can enhance your mood and reduce depression and anxiety.^It can harm your body.
2	2.6	Hey, Jack Kerouac	Hey, Jack Kerouac,^ I think of your mother^ and the tears she cried,^ they were cried for none other^ than her little boy lost in our little world that hated^ and that dared to drag him down.^ Her little boy courageous^ who chose his words from mouths of^ babes got lost in the wood.^ The hip flask slinging madman,^ steaming cafe flirts,^ they all spoke through you.^^ Hey Jack, now for the tricky part,^ when you were the brightest star who were the shadows?^ Of the San Francisco beat boys you were the favorite.^ Now they sit and rattle their bones and think of their blood stoned days.^ Chose your words from mouths of^ babes got lost in the wood.^ The hip flask slinging madman,^ steaming cafe flirts,^ in Chinatown howling at night.^^ Allen baby, why so jaded?^ Have the boys all grown up and their beauty faded?^ Billy, what a saint they've made you,^ You're just like Mary down in Mexico^ on All Souls' Day.^^ Chose his words from mouths of^ babes got lost in the wood.^ The cool junk booting madmen, all those street minded girls^ in Harlem howling at night.^ What a tear stained^ shock of the world, you've gone away^ without saying^ saying goodbye.	u02_2.6.mp3
2	3.1	Blame	A: You ought to be ashamed of the way you spoke to your mother.^ B: I didn't mean to do that. I just got angry and I couldn't control myself.^ A: Why didn't you calm down before speaking to her?^ B: I should've done that.
2	3.1		A: Good heavens, Tom! Look at the mess in your room! Get this place picked up immediately. Do you hear me?^ B: OK, Mom, give me a break. I have my hands full with this painting assignment. ^ A: This is more than I can bear. Just look at the paper wads everywhere... Look here! I've had enough of that! Move, Tom!^ B: I wish you'd stop nagging me, Mom. I will clean it up right away.
2	3.1		A: You... you are late again! You never come on time to our dates. You always make me angry!^ B: I'm terribly sorry, dear. I have been immersed in work this afternoon.^ A: It's work again! You are too work-obsessed to enjoy life.^ B: Darling, you know I really care about you. I promise I will not be late again.
2	3.1	Complaints	A: Do you think you could keep the noise down a little bit?^ B: I'm sorry. Am I keeping you awake?^ A: I'm afraid so. And another thing, would you mind not making long distance calls late at night?^ B: I'm terribly sorry. I thought you wouldn't mind.
2	3.1		A: That radio's pretty loud. Could you turn it down, please?^ B: Sorry. Was I disturbing you?^ A: I'm afraid so. And something else, please don't take my laptop without asking.^ B: I'm awfully sorry for that. I guess I wasn't thinking. I won't do it again.
2	3.1		A: I don't understand what's going on in these old people's heads.^ B: Stop complaining, Thomas. I'm afraid they have no idea about us either. ^ A: Don't you find they are arrogant and impolite to us? How come everyone in our company is middle-aged and stuffy?^ B: I know how you feel, but there's no need to go on and on about it. We just need to understand each other better. It'll be fine.
2	3.2	Summarize a Passage: Different Views on Exercise	People talk endlessly about the benefits of exercise. And when they aren't talking about it, they're reading about it in health magazines, watching programs about it on television, or listening to recordings about it. People can become so concerned about exercise that they begin to go insane with worry.^ It's easy to understand why people attach great importance to exercise. Exercise can not only improve your health, but also enhance your mood and reduce depression and anxiety. People who do regular exercise often achieve an overall sense of well-being.^ But this concern about exercise has gone too far. Some people are so obsessed with exercise that they give little time and attention to other aspects of their personal lives. I know a guy who spent all his spare time in the gym. Finally, he found himself estranged from his family. What's more, if you do it in the wrong way, exercise can actually harm your body. Some people work out hard and pull their muscles; some even hurt a joint or break a bone.	u02_2.5.mp3		The speaker gives reasons for and against exercise.^There are reasons for and against exercise.
2	3.3	What's the Point?	Every day, young people around the world take to the playgrounds and compete in games of different sorts. Basketball, soccer, and football are some of the most popular pursuits. Adults participate in their own games too. And there are thousands involved in various professional leagues, such as Major League Baseball, a league for professional baseball players in the US and Canada. One player in this league makes around $25 million a year! He says that money isn't important, though. He plays to win. Other people, however, say winning isn't that important. Sports should be played for exercise.	u02_3.3.mp3	What do you think about sports? Should people play sports for winning, for fitness, or for some other reason?	Sports should be considered an essential part of human life. First of all, they help people to improve their physical fitness and health. This enables them to live longer, happier lives. Secondly, sports are great fun. People can take part in sports with friends or do them alone. If the focus of sports is on competition, however, one may get confused. Winning then becomes the ultimate goal, with people becoming more aggressive when they play. In such a situation the beauty of sports is lost. Competition and financial gains seem to go hand-in-hand. But only a small bunch of people make millions of dollars in sports, and it is doubtful that we will ever be among those who do. Thus, we should concern ourselves mainly with the health-enhancing effect of sports instead.
2	4.1	Ways to Stay Healthy	Hello, my name is Betsy, from Hong Kong. Um, today, I'm going to talk to you about my favorite ways to stay healthy. Um, one of the two ways that I try to stay healthy for myself is one to eat very healthy food. The other is to do exercise. Now, I think these two are very general principles for pretty much everyone to stay healthy. Um, I especially love the Cantonese style of soups. Um, for uh... Cantonese cuisine, it's not only, you know, the love for food, but also to put all of these healthy ingredients to, um, make into these delicious soups. Now, for example, you have soups that you eat in the summer and you have soups that you eat in the winter, um to... to adjust the different body functions, which is great!^ Hi, this is Kim again, and today I would like to talk to all of you a little about staying healthy. Now, growing up in California, I know that most people are very, uh, health conscious, meaning that they know that they need to eat their fruits and vegetables, and they need to get their exercise. But, it seems that most people don't really do it because most of the people are still overweight and they only sign up to the gym but they never really go, right? And they're still eating a lot of fast food -- burgers and hot dogs and french... french fries, rather than back home, in Korea, you know, people eat simple stuff. Koreans eat a lot of kimchee, and we drink of lot of soup, we eat a lot of rice, you know, which is all high in protein and not a lot of fat. But we don't exercise, but I think that's getting better too. There's a little fact to share with you: uh, the Japanese people have the longest average life span and, you know, men and women both... to live until they're both into their eighties, so maybe we should look into that to see what they're doing. Alright, well thank you very much and talk to you again soon.^ Hi, my name is Andrew and I come from Canada. Now today I'm going to talk to you a little bit about health and ways to improve health. Now I'd like to focus more on eating habits and how what you eat can change your health situation. Now I've recently been a little bit concerned about my health so I've started changing my eating habits. Some of the things I've done to, uh, better my health include, uh, eating fiber. Uh, fiber is, uh, very good for you. It helps your digestion and what not. But it also helps get rid of some fat in your body, so I try to eat at least thirty grams of fiber every day. I think that helps me, uh, keep regular. I go to the bathroom on time, when I need to and this helps my health a lot. Another thing that I've done is, uh, start to take, uh, green tea extract pills. Now these are pills that are concentrated green tea and they have a lot of catechins in them and this seems to help me a lot too. It gets rid a lot of, rid of a lot of antioxidants. So these things have helped me a lot in my health.^ Hi, my name is Ted and I'm from the United States of America, the USA. I'm going to talk a little bit about keeping healthy, what some people do. Now, I can only really tell you what I do. I don't really watch what I eat. I really like to eat a lot. So, I don't pay too much attention to that. But one thing I do do is exercise. I really like to exercise. I like running, for example. That's something I try to do every other day. So, I go running for... maybe half an hour, usually around three kilometers. That's a pretty good run -- five kilometers some days. I also like to lift weights. That's a good thing to do as well. It's something I enjoy. I like to take my iPod and go to the gym. Now, something I don't do enough of is stretching, so that's something I really need to do more of, especially as I'm getting a bit older these days. So, running, lifting weights, and stretching, and I'll do more of that stretching because it's really important for your muscles. Don't worry about what you eat. Just exercise.							Betsy02.jpg^Kim01.jpg^Andrew02.jpg^Ted02.jpg
2	4.2				The Japanese people have the longest average life span. Eating healthy food and doing exercises are important for everyone to stay healthy. Running and weight-lifting is good ways of keeping healthy. Eating fiber improves digestion and helps getting rid of fat in the body.	2^1^4^3				Betsy021.jpg^Kim011.jpg^Andrew021.jpg^Ted021.jpg
2	4.3
2	5.1	Watch Out!	M: I thought Susan would live forever.^ W: No one lives forever.^ M: Yeah, I know. What I meant was that I didn't think she'd die so soon.^ W: What happened?^ M: Sad, really. You know how she was always exercising, right?^ W: Sure. I saw her running every day in front of my house and around the block several times while I was eating breakfast and getting ready for work in the morning.^ M: That was Susan. Always active. She ate well, and ran, ran, ran.^ W: So how did she die?^ M: Well, she did more than just running. She also liked to climb mountains. She said that the fresh air and the exercise were good for her.^ W: Did she fall off the mountain?^ M: Nah. Turns out she was attacked by a bear. Guess she wasn't fast enough to run away.^ W: That's horrible. But it's lucky that I stayed in my home and just watched others stay active.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.^ 1. What are the speakers talking about?^ 2. What did the woman see while she was eating her breakfast?^ 3. What does the man say about Susan?^ 4. What happened to Susan?^ 5. Why does the woman say she is fortunate?	u02_5.1.mp3		Q1: What are the speakers talking about? Ans: A Q2: What did the woman see while she was eating her breakfast? Ans: B Q3: What does the man say about Susan? Ans: C Q4: What happened to Susan? Ans: D Q5: Why does the woman say she is fortunate? Ans: B
2	5.2	Eating Right	Keeping healthy requires a conscious effort. You make choices about the foods you eat, just as you make choices about getting fresh air, exercise, and rest. And if you are like most people, you are making bad choices, particularly in your diet. I'd like to offer some suggestions here.^ Nowadays, health experts are warning against fats and proteins. Though these experts are right in telling you to be careful about the foods you eat, they are wrong in advising you to stay away from fats and proteins. Both of these things serve important functions in the body. Fats provide energy. And they are especially useful because they can be stored in the body for future use. Proteins are required for growth needs and for defending the body against disease. It is equally important that they are included in your diet too.^ A good diet is one that includes some fats and proteins -- but not too much. You should already be eating five servings of vegetables and four servings of fruits every day. So be sure to include two servings of something high in protein and one or two servings of something rich in fat into your diet. Then you will be on the road to great health!^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.^ 1. What is this passage about?^ 2. What can be inferred from the passage?^ 3. According to the passage, what is wrong?^ 4. According to the passage, which of the following can help in protecting the body from disease?^ 5. How many servings of vegetables should a person consume daily?	u02_5.2.mp3		Q1: What is this passage about? Ans: A Q2: What can be inferred from the passage? Ans: B Q3: According to the passage, what is wrong? Ans: D Q4: According to the passage, which of the following can help in protecting the body from disease? Ans: C Q5: How many servings of vegetables should a person consume daily? Ans: D
2	5.3	Old Age and Health	Today I would like to tell you about the effects of old age on health. Actually today a lot of advancements have taken place in the care of old people. And old people's physical health is not nearly as bad as it used to be.^ Probably the most ignored disorder among old people is depression. About 15% of old people suffer from this condition. Depression is often brought on by the problems which we have just mentioned.^ Although it is better now for old people, we have to admit that the body does change as we grow older. There are changes in the lungs, the senses, the brain and the skin.^ So what should old people do to combat these changes?^ They should eat a balanced diet -- not too much fat -- and chicken or fish should be eaten rather than eggs or beef. We all know this. But also, old people should eat more high-fiber and vitamin-rich foods, such as vegetables and fruits.^ Old people should give up smoking if they haven't already done so. They should also exercise regularly -- at least half an hour a time, three times a week. No section of the population can benefit more from exercise than the elderly.	u02_5.3.mp3		1) advancements 2) physical 3) depression 4) condition 5) mentioned 6) admit 7) combat 8) high-fiber and vitamin-rich foods, such as vegetables and fruits 9) should give up smoking if they haven't already done so 10) No section of the population can benefit more from exercise
2	5.4	Imitate the Speaker	Once again, I've had a great time, y' know. And I can't... I can't say enough for the people who've supported me. And, y' know, my life will take a change. And a lot of people say, "Well, Michael Jordan doesn't have any challenges away from the game of basketball." Well, I dispute that, y' know. Being a parent is very challenging. If you have kids you know that, y' know. I welcome that challenge and I look forward to it.^^ From Michael Jordan's "Retirement Speech" in 1999	u02_5.4.mp3
3	1.1	Ways to Win	I am nearly 60 years old, and I like to do things the way I have always done them, following the same methods I have used for years. After all, these methods have made me successful. However, I like to think I'm smarter than this. I'm too smart to think my ways of doing things are always the best. This is why I like to see what others are doing. How do Korean management teams train their staff members? What methods are used by German schools in teaching languages? What approaches do American high school teachers take in teaching about confidence? Looking at these things, I discover new ways of doing things. Then, if they are successful, I use them in making my own decisions.	u03_1.mp3	1. The speaker usually does things the same way because his ways have ____________________ . 2. The speaker likes to know ____________________ because he doesn't think his ways are necessarily the best. 3. The speaker will use other people's methods if ____________________ .					made him successful^what others are doing^they are successful
3	1.2	Ways to Win	I am nearly 60 years old, and I like to do things the way I have always done them, following the same methods I have used for years. After all, these methods have made me successful. However, I like to think I'm smarter than this. I'm too smart to think my ways of doing things are always the best. This is why I like to see what others are doing. How do Korean management teams train their staff members? What methods are used by German schools in teaching languages? What approaches do American high school teachers take in teaching about confidence? Looking at these things, I discover new ways of doing things. Then, if they are successful, I use them in making my own decisions.	u03_1.mp3	What're your criteria for being successful? Have you ever been successful? Describe it.
3	2.1	Ways to Success	W: The President has decided that the current education system must be changed.^ M: Yeah. But the question is what to change and how to change it. I'd like a leader who has real ideas for how things could be done!^ Q: What can we infer from the conversation?	u03_2.1_1.mp3		A) The President has no idea how to change anything in the country.	B) The President doesn't want to change the education system.	C) The President doesn't have the right people to carry out his ideas.	D) The President doesn't know exactly how to change the education system.	D
3	2.1		W: A new language school from England has gotten a lot of attention because of its success in teaching students English.^ M: I saw something on the news about it. I should ask my teacher what he thinks.^ Q: How does the man know of the English language school?	u03_2.1_2.mp3		A) He knew a teacher of the school.	B) He learned of it from the woman.	C) He heard about it from a news report.	D) He was a student of the school.	C
3	2.1		W: My daughter's college entrance exam is coming up, and I don't think she's ready.^ M: You might want to send her to a test preparation school, modeled on the schools in Japan. Students there do quite well.^ Q: Why does the man recommend the test preparation school?	u03_2.1_3.mp3		A) Because it is modeled on Japanese schools.	B) Because its students are successful.	C) Because it is what the woman wants.	D) Because it helped him learn quite well.	B
3	2.1		W: Our school has started offering classes in Chinese philosophy and religions.^ M: I've actually taken some of these classes, as well as a Chinese cooking class. And now I want to visit China to see how the people live.^ Q: What does the man want to learn about when he travels to China?	u03_2.1_4.mp3		A) Chinese cooking.	B) Chinese religions.	C) Chinese lifestyles.	D) Chinese philosophy.	C
3	2.1		W: Do you have any ideas for how I could improve my study skills?^ M: There are lots of special techniques and even classes on the subject of study skills, but I think you should forget about all of that. Just study more!^ Q: What should the woman do?	u03_2.1_5.mp3		A) Forget about studying.	B) Take a class in study skills.	C) Spend more time studying.	D) Learn special techniques.	C
3	2.1		W: I've been thinking a lot about how I could become happier. But I don't know what to do.^ M: Well, I think you should give up on the idea that money brings happiness. Try learning from poor, simple farmers. They always seem happy.^ Q: What does the man think of farmers?	u03_2.1_6.mp3		A) They always try to learn new things.	B) They always appear to be joyful.	C) They are too simple to be happy.	D) They don't care about money.	B
3	2.1		W: Well, I can't see why you are traveling to Germany.^ M: I know you want me to stay here, but my boss is sending me. I'm supposed to have a look at a factory there and learn something from it.^ Q: Why is the man traveling to Germany?	u03_2.1_7.mp3		A) He is going to visit a German factory.	B) He is going to open a factory in Germany.	C) He would like to have a look at the country.	D) He wants to see what makes a factory successful.	A
3	2.1		W: When the meeting begins, I'd like you to introduce the methods of negotiation you learned while you were in Japan.^ M: OK. Do you have plans to discuss how these methods can be used, or can I do that?^ Q: What are the speakers talking about?	u03_2.1_8.mp3		A) What methods to use when negotiating with Japanese.	B) What changes will occur when they adopt Japanese plans.	C) What will be discussed in the coming meeting.	D) What procedures Japanese meetings usually follow.	C
3	2.1		W: While you're away in Australia, I'd like you to learn all you can about Australian business, anything we can use to make our own company better.^ M: OK, I will. I'll work hard and make the best of this opportunity.^ Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?	u03_2.1_9.mp3		A) Teacher and student.	B) Employer and employee.	C) Brother and sister.	D) Salesperson and customer.	B
3	2.1		W: After trying new education methods from Germany, Japan, and India, I'm still shocked to find that nothing is helping our students here improve.^ M: Maybe methods aren't successful outside of their own countries and we should stick to our local British ways.^ Q: Where are the speakers?	u03_2.1_10.mp3		A) In Britain.	B) In India.	C) In Japan.	D) In Germany.	A
3	2.2	Jukus	M: Mandy has been working really hard to get into a good college. I wonder whether there's anything we can do to help.^ W: Well, we could send her to a juku.^ M: A what? That sounds Japanese.^ W: It is Japanese. A juku is a Japanese school that prepares students for the college entrance examination.^ M: There are Japanese schools here in the United States?^ W: Not quite. There are schools here that are in the style of the Japanese ones. And they're very successful in preparing students for big exams.^ M: That sounds good, but I don't think Mandy would want to leave the school she's at now.^ W: She wouldn't leave. Jukus are attended in addition to regular schools. She'd go there every day in the evening. And she'd also attend on weekends.^ M: You think Mandy would do that? It'd take a lot of her free time away.^ W: Our daughter is a good student, and she wouldn't mind the extra work involved.^ M: OK, maybe we can go and visit one first before we make any decisions. How about tomorrow?	u03_2.2.mp3	1. What are the speakers talking about?	A) Sending Mandy to Japan to study.	B) Sending Mandy to a special school.	C) Learning Japanese language.	D) Meeting Japanese people in the United States.	B
3	2.2				2. What do juku schools prepare students for?	A) Study in a Japanese school.	B) The college they will enter.	C) The college entrance exam.	D) Study in the United States.	C
3	2.2				3. What can we infer from the conversation?	A) The woman is in favor of jukus.	B) The woman is not sure of jukus.	C) Mandy would like to go to a juku.	D) Mandy does not like extra work.	A
3	2.2				4. How does the woman feel about Mandy?	A) Mandy has too much free time.	B) Mandy is serious about her studies.	C) Mandy is always doing extra work.	D) Mandy needs to do some more work.	B
3	2.2				5. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?	A) Brother and sister.	B) Father and daughter.	C) Teacher and student.	D) Husband and wife.	D
3	2.3	Problems with Public School Teachers	Young people go to school to gather information, become respectable members of society, and prepare themselves either for university studies or for employment. And it is a teacher's job to help students accomplish these goals. But are public school teachers doing a good job?^ A recent report has an answer -- NO. And the details are disturbing. For one, researchers claim that 57% of all class time is wasted. During this time, no teaching or learning is actually taking place, as teachers have given this time to students to do whatever they wish. If students want to talk to friends or play computer games, that is what they do. Secondly, teachers are neglecting their classes by sometimes not even being in the room with their students. According to the report, teachers spend 33% of the time outside of the classroom where their students can't see them. Thirdly, and probably most disturbing of all, 10% to 12% of teachers are drunk when they are giving their lessons.^ It is clear that something must change if public schools wish to help students accomplish their goals. And it seems that teachers should be supervised if improvements are to be made.	u03_2.3.mp3	1. What is this passage mainly about?	A) The problems with public school teachers.	B) The goals students have when going to school.	C) The improvements schools are making.	D) The time wasted in public school classes.	A
3	2.3				2. According to the report, what happens during over half of the class time?	A) Students are standing outside of their classrooms.	B) Students are doing things that are irrelevant to learning.	C) Students are trying to accomplish their goals.	D) Students are learning from friends and computer games.	B
3	2.3				3. How much of class time do teachers spend out of the sight of their students?	A) 33% of the time.	B) 57% of the time.	C) 10% of the time.	D) 12% of the time.	A
3	2.3				4. What does the speaker find most disturbing?	A) Teachers waste class time.	B) Teachers walk away from classes so often.	C) Teachers give classes while drunk.	D) Teachers let students do whatever they wish.	C
3	2.3				5. What is the first step toward improving schools?	A) To keep an eye on what teachers are doing.	B) To help students set goals that are clear.	C) To have teachers supervise their classes.	D) To help students accomplish their goals.	A
3	2.4	I Believe in Chance	I believe in mystery.^ I believe in family.^ I believe in being who I am.^ I believe in the power of failure.^ And I believe normal life is extraordinary.^ This I Believe.^ Now an essay from our series "This I Believe". Maria Mayo Robbins is getting a doctorate in religion at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. Her life is taking unexpected turns, good and bad, that helped her find meaning, and go forward.^ I believe in chance. Strings of unexpected encounters mark my life. I believe that chance has guided me, jolted me sometimes, onto paths I wouldn't have chosen but needed to follow, whether I knew it or not. Chance encounters have led me across continents and into unanticipated worlds.^ At 21, I first visited Italy. As I struggled with a mouthful of college Italian to find the word for "towel" in a hostel one morning, an older woman laughed, straightened out my garbled attempts and invited me to her home. Chance gently pushed me and led me to a lifelong connection to her family, their small town of Castelfranco Veneto and, several years later, the opportunity to live there.^ But chance is not always kind. When I was 25 years old, chance led an intruder to break into my home in the middle of a quiet spring night. The violence of that night and months of rehabilitation left me questioning how I could ever find meaning in such a vicious stroke of fortune. But in the years that followed, I drew even closer to my family and became a more empathetic friend. I relished the ability to walk, or even run, on my own. I did all the things I had always wanted to do; I pierced my nose, flew to Israel and hauled a rented grand piano up to my eighth-floor apartment. I lived a life in vivid moments. I followed the questions raised by the attack into graduate school, where today I continue to study and work for justice for victims of violence. I kept going, and meaning took hold in unexpected places.	u03_2.4.mp3	1. At Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, Maria Mayo Robbins, the speaker, ____________________ . 2. The speaker thinks her life ____________________ . 3. When the speaker was 21 years old, she ____________________ . 4. When the speaker was 25 years old, she ____________________ . 5. Being able to find meaning even in misfortune, the speaker ____________________ .	is studying for a doctorate in religion^is marked by chance encounters^only knew a little Italian^was attacked by an intruder in her home^began to live a life with vivid moments^learned to live freely and independently^chose to live in Israel				is studying for a doctorate in religion^is marked by chance encounters^only knew a little Italian^was attacked by an intruder in her home^began to live a life with vivid moments
3	2.5	Studying Abroad	Every year, dozens of students from my university go abroad, believing that overseas study will be very rewarding. Some think they will learn important skills, such as a foreign language, art, or technology. And they also think studying abroad will allow them to meet people with different thoughts. These new thoughts, the students believe, will broaden their minds and help build their careers later on.^ Well, these things may be true. Students going abroad may learn important skills, and they may also meet people who think differently. However, I am still against studying abroad.^ First, study abroad is costly. Students may pay up to three or four times more than they would if they study at a local university. This expense often causes a heavy burden to the students' families.^ Second, studying abroad means they have to leave friends and family behind. This is something students don't think much about when they leave, but it will greatly affect their lives. Without the support of family and friends, students suffer many difficulties.^ Third, studying abroad often brings about the experience of astounding culture shock. Some students can't adapt well to the new environment and suffer from traumatic stress.	u03_2.5.mp3	1^1^1	0@0^0@0@0		Reasons for studying abroad^Reasons against studying abroad		Students learn important skills.@Students meet different people.^Studying abroad is costly.@Students leave family and friends behind.@Students may suffer from culture shock.
3	2.6	Stuck in the Middle with You	Well I don't know why I came here tonight.^ I got the feeling that something ain't right.^ I'm so scared in case I fall off my chair^ And I'm wondering how I'll get down those stairs.^ Clowns to the left of me jokers to the right^ Here I am, stuck in the middle with you.^ Yes I'm stuck in the middle with you^ And I'm wondering what it is I should do.^ It's so hard to keep this smile from my face^ Losing control, yeah, I'm all over the place.^ Clowns to the left of me, jokers to the right,^ Here I am, stuck in the middle with you.^^ Well, you started off with nothing^ And you're proud that you're a self-made man.^ And your friends they all come crawling,^ slap you on the back and say, please, please.^^ Trying to make some sense of it all,^ But I can see that it makes no sense at all.^ Is it cool to go to sleep on the floor?^ I don't think that I can take anymore.^ Clowns to the left of me, jokers to the right,^ Here I am, stuck in the middle with you.^^ And you started off with nothing^ And you're proud that you're a self-made man.^ And your friends they all come crawling,^ Slap you on the back and say, please, please.^^ Yeah I don't know why I came here tonight^ I got the feeling that something ain't right^ I'm so scared in case I fall off my chair^ And I'm wondering how I'll get down those stairs.^ Clowns to the left of me, jokers to the right^ Here I am, stuck in the middle with you...^ stuck in the middle with you^ stuck in the middle with you^ Here I am, stuck in the middle with you	u03_2.6.mp3
3	3.1	Requests and Suggestions	A: My girlfriend's birthday is on Thursday, but I have no idea what present to give her. Could you give me some suggestions?^ B: How about some flowers? Girls love pretty flowers.^ A: That's what I usually do. I want to give her a surprise this time.^ B: Well, if I were you, I'd sing a song for her and record it on a tape.^ A: That sounds great.
3	3.1		A: Could I see you for a minute?^ B: Yeah, come on in.^ A: There's going to be an English speech contest this Friday evening. Would you be kind enough to be the judge?^ B: I'd love to, but I have to attend a meeting at my daughter's school. I suggest you talk to Professor Yang. She might be free then.
3	3.1	Commands and Warnings	A: When shall I turn in the term paper?^ B: You are supposed to submit it before June 14th.^ A: What if I fail to turn it in on time?^ B: In that case, you will lose some credits.
3	3.1		A: I haven't seen you lately. How have you been?^ B: I have been coughing terribly these days, and I've decided to give up smoking.^ A: It's a wise decision. I have warned you of the dangers of smoking, but you wouldn't listen.^ B: I hadn't thought that it would get so serious.^ A: But it's still not too late. You must learn to take care of yourself when you are away from home.^ B: Absolutely right.
3	3.2	Summarize a Passage: Studying Abroad	Every year, dozens of students from my university go abroad, believing that overseas study will be very rewarding. Some think they will learn important skills, such as a foreign language, art, or technology. And they also think studying abroad will allow them to meet people with different thoughts. These new thoughts, the students believe, will broaden their minds and help build their careers later on.^ Well, these things may be true. Students going abroad may learn important skills, and they may also meet people who think differently. However, I am still against studying abroad.^ First, study abroad is costly. Students may pay up to three or four times more than they would if they study at a local university. This expense often causes a heavy burden to the students' families.^ Second, studying abroad means they have to leave friends and family behind. This is something students don't think much about when they leave, but it will greatly affect their lives. Without the support of family and friends, students suffer many difficulties.^ Third, studying abroad often brings about the experience of astounding culture shock. Some students can't adapt well to the new environment and suffer from traumatic stress.	u03_2.5.mp3		Although there are advantages to studying abroad, the speaker points out some disadvantages to it.^There are advantages and disadvantages to studying abroad.
3	3.3		In China, one's educational level is decided by his or her ability to pass various examinations. The college entrance examination, Band-4, Band-6, the graduate school entrance examination, the list goes on and on. People take examinations in order to get somewhere. Those occupying higher positions must've done pretty well. Their teachers prepared them well to pass exams. Having said that, we can't help but wonder if their teachers prepared them well for life? Test-preparation doesn't necessarily train people to deal with real problems. By the time someone graduates, he or she might be able to get a good job. However, he or she might not be able to do this job well or with confidence.	u03_3.3.mp3	What do you think about testing? Is it the best tool to encourage students to learn?	The question as to whether testing is an optimal tool or not is thought-provoking. Clearly, an education system based on tests has problems. One such problem is that tests do not attach due importance to the ability the test-taker has to solve practical problems. An education that teaches one only how to pass a test doesn't show one how to plan a career, how to invest money, how to find a husband or wife, or how to do many other important things. Once these individuals graduate, they will face real life and not a test. This means that the ability to take tests becomes nearly useless. Education should cater to more practical needs. Teachers should instruct students on how to do the things that will be important in life. Students should be learning skills that do more for them than just help them pass tests.
3	4.1	Ways to Win in Different Cultures	Hi, my name is Sarah. I'm from Germany. And uh today, I want to tell you something about cultural differences. How uh when you deal with people from other cultures... I have an example of a friend. One day, uh she asked a friend of her for a favor, to come to a special place for this translation, which was only one bus stop away from the friend's house. Um, but she knew that this friend um didn't like... didn't like to come for some reason. And when she called this friend, he told her that the place was actually too far away. But it couldn't be too far away because it was just one bus stop away. Just that maybe this friend didn't want really to say "no" to her, and she got very angry. I think for Germans we would prefer that... that this friend actually says "no, I don't like to do this task because of this and this reason," to be very direct and for us, it's a matter of honesty, I think.^ Hi, my name is Ayumi, and I am from Japan. I spent a few years studying in the United States. The topic I'll be talking about is "Ways to Win in the Work Environment." Style of management in Japan is very focused on regulation and detail. We work longer hours than our counterparts in the Western society. And we also are very respectful of the boss and employee relationship. We also believe that our personal life is very reflective of what you can achieve in your professional work. One thing that Japanese value is teamwork. We always work as a team and no one stands out by themselves. It's very rare to find someone who will talk about their own achievements. I found that in the United States, it's very much the opposite of what we see in Japan. In the US, they value their freedom. And they value their ability to talk about themselves and it's very much individually-oriented versus the team atmosphere. Thank you.^ Hi, my name is Betsy and I'm from Hong Kong. Today, I'm going to talk to you about "Ways to Win in Chinese Culture." There's a saying in the Chinese culture, it says: "It doesn't matter what you do. It matters who you know." And this means that uh personal relationship and communications is valued more than your ability. For instance, at the workplace, if you have a very good attitude and you're very good with people, um, even though you don't know as much uh usually it's OK. Um, because people like to work with you, therefore, people are also more willing to help you learn what you need to know on the job. Now on the contrary, even though you're very professional, you're very capable, but if you have a very bad attitude and people don't like to work with you, um usually that does... doesn't get... get you anywhere. So, like I said, in the Chinese culture, it's about who you know and how you handle people, um, more than anything.^ Hi, my name is Andrew and I come from Canada. Now, I'd like to talk to you a little bit today about negotiation or ways to win in different cultures. I myself being from Canada have, I think, a unique view on this kind of topic because we are the northern neighbors to the United States. Now of course they are the most popular culture in the world. You see them on TV, in negotiating, and uh even fighting with other countries when they're trying to resolve conflicts. So we know their negotiation styles, very direct. Everyone wants to win and winning is the most important thing. Now, being in Asia for the last eight years, I've kind of observed how people in this culture do things. And it's more of a cooperative effort. Now, in Canada I say it's between those two extremes. It's a little more cooperative than the States would be. But it's not so cooperative as the Asians seem. So we kind of have the best between two... both worlds, I'd say. And not to say we're the best -- just a different way to do things.							Sarah.jpg^Ayumi.jpg^Betsy.jpg^Andrew09.jpg
3	4.2	Ways to Win in Different Cultures			Sarah: Germans prefer refusing people indirectly though it may sound dishonest. Ayumi: In Japan teamwork is valued and very few people talk about their own achievements. Betsy: Personal relationship and communication are important at the workplace. Andrew: People in Canada are much more cooperative when compared with people in Asia and the US.	F T T F				Sarah1.jpg^Ayumi1.jpg^Betsy1.jpg^Andrew091.jpg
3	4.3	Ways to Win in Different Cultures
3	5.1	Learning from Other People	M: You have a foreign roommate, don't you?^ W: No. But you have one, right?^ M: That's right -- Leo. He's from France, and he's told me a lot about life in his country.^ W: I hope Leo's not teaching you how to find a new girlfriend! You've got your hands full with me!^ M: Hey, don't worry about that; I'm not going to replace you! He doesn't teach me about finding new loves or anything like that. You can relax about that.^ W: But being romantic is what the French are famous for, isn't it?^ M: Come on, you should know better than that. The French are famous for many things, so stop stereotyping them! Leo has opened my eyes to a lot of different things.^ W: Like what?^ M: Well, art, music, literature... the things the French are so accomplished in.^ W: How about food? The French are famous for their food.^ M: They are, but Leo hasn't taught me anything about French food. I plan to learn about that when I go to France.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.^ 1. What are the speakers talking about?^ 2. Who is Leo?^ 3. What does the woman know?^ 4. What does the man plan to learn about in France?^ 5. What is the relationship between the two speakers?	u03_5.1.mp3		Q1: What are the speakers talking about? Ans: C Q2: Who is Leo? Ans: D Q3: What does the woman know? Ans: D Q4: What does the man plan to learn about in France? Ans: A Q5: What is the relationship between the two speakers? Ans: B
3	5.2	Paying for College	No doubt, college can teach you many things that will make you successful in life. Still, there is something you must take care of if you want to continue in school. I'm talking about paying for it. Paying for college is about to get harder. Starting in July, interest rates on new student loans will rise to 6.8 percent from today's rate of 4.7 percent. In the future, they may reach 7.5 percent or even 10 percent. Here, we see that getting a degree is becoming even more expensive.^ On a $20,000 loan, students will be paying about $2,500 more just in interest payments over the life of the loan.^ The cost of getting an education is going to prevent a lot of young adults from living alone. Parents are also going to face more difficulties, for they will have to support their children while their children are living at home.^ If you are a student, you should do what you can to reduce the amount of money you spend while in college. Try to borrow as little as possible, and try to pay off your debt as soon as you can in order to reduce interest rate payments.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.^ 1. What is this passage about?^ 2. What is today's interest rate on student loans?^ 3. What is the result of the rise in interest rates for student loans?^ 4. What causes problems for parents?^ 5. What does the speaker advise?	u03_5.2.mp3		Q1: What is this passage about? Ans: B Q2: What is today's interest rate on student loans? Ans: B Q3: What is the result of the rise in interest rates for student loans? Ans: C Q4: What causes problems for parents? Ans: D Q5: What does the speaker advise? Ans: B
3	5.3	Set Goals Right Away	Why is it important to set goals? Because goals can help you do, be, and experience anything you want in life. Instead of just letting life happen to you, you can use goals to indicate your direction.^ Here, we can distinguish between two different types of people. Successful and happy people have a vision of how their life should be. They set lots of goals, both short-term and long-term, to help them reach their vision. By setting goals, your desired achievements in life, you are taking control of your life. It's like having a map to show you where you want to go.^ In most cases, winners in life set goals and follow through on them. People who win decide what they want in life, and then get there by making plans and setting goals. But in contrast to successful people, unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren't difficult to set -- and they aren't difficult for people to attain. It's up to you to find out what your goals, ideals, and visions really are. You are the one who can decide what to go after and in what direction to aim your life. So, if you're not a goal-setter, it's time to get busy.	u03_5.3.mp3		1) experience 2) indicate 3) distinguish 4) Successful 5) long-term 6) achievements 7) follow 8) unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident 9) and they aren't difficult for people to attain 10) what to go after and in what direction to aim your life
3	5.4	Imitate the Speaker	For a true writer each book should be a new beginning where he tries again for something that is beyond attainment. He should always try for something that has never been done or that others have tried and failed. Then sometimes, with good luck, he will succeed.^ How simple the writing of literature would be if it were only necessary to write in another way what has been well written. It is because we have had such great writers in the past that a writer is driven far out past where he can go, out to where no one can help him.^^ From Ernest Hemingway's "Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech"	u03_5.4.mp3
4	1.1	Symbols of America	Welcome! Thank you for joining us on our tour of America. You probably know a lot about America already, but now you're going to learn a whole lot more! Maybe you've heard about some of America's famous writers, like Jack Kerouac, from Americans you've met in your own country. And maybe Americans traveling abroad have also filled you in on some of our great artists, like Jackson Pollock. On this tour, we're going to visit the homes they once lived in. It could also be that you've learned about great American musicians, like Louis Armstrong, and symbols of America, like the Statue of Liberty, in your history classes. Well, you'll be interested to know then that we'll be visiting some different museums dedicated to these people. Once again, I'm glad you've chosen to travel with us. If you need any help, please call on me! I'm going to be your tour guide for the next few days.	u04_1.mp3	Writer^Artist^Musician^Symbol					Jack Kerouac^Jackson Pollock^Louis Armstrong^Statue of Liberty
4	1.2		Welcome! Thank you for joining us on our tour of America. You probably know a lot about America already, but now you're going to learn a whole lot more! Maybe you've heard about some of America's famous writers, like Jack Kerouac, from Americans you've met in your own country. And maybe Americans traveling abroad have also filled you in on some of our great artists, like Jackson Pollock. On this tour, we're going to visit the homes they once lived in. It could also be that you've learned about great American musicians, like Louis Armstrong, and symbols of America, like the Statue of Liberty, in your history classes. Well, you'll be interested to know then that we'll be visiting some different museums dedicated to these people. Once again, I'm glad you've chosen to travel with us. If you need any help, please call on me! I'm going to be your tour guide for the next few days.	u04_1.mp3	Please name the national symbols of your country. Do you think a certain person or a statue or a building can stand for a country? Give your reasons.
4	2.1	America's Greatest Symbols	W: It used to be that pictures of Uncle Sam were used just to encourage men to join the army. But now you can see his image in many other places as well.^ M: Yeah. There are pictures of him all over the place, especially in advertisements.^ Q: What are the speakers talking about?	u04_2.1_1.mp3		A) The advertisements seen in many places.	B) The use of Uncle Sam's image.	C) The places Uncle Sam has been to.	D) The men who joined the army.	B
4	2.1		W: The Statue of Liberty represents a welcoming spirit toward immigrants, right?^ M: Well, mostly. But at first, it represented freedom from slavery. Then, it stood for the friendship between France and the US. And then even more.^ Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?	u04_2.1_2.mp3		A) Immigrants welcomed the Statue of Liberty into the US.	B) The Statue of Liberty has had different meanings through the years.	C) Most of all, the Statue of Liberty represents freedom from slavery.	D) Immigrants were always welcomed at the Statue of Liberty.	B
4	2.1		W: In the painting, American Gothic, a farmer is holding a weapon. Why? Is he going to war?^ M: No! That's not a weapon! He's holding a tool for doing farm work!^ Q: What mistake did the woman make?	u04_2.1_3.mp3		A) She thought the farmer in the painting was holding a tool.	B) She thought the farmer in the painting had been to war.	C) She thought the farmer in the painting was holding a weapon.	D) She thought the farmer in the painting was using his tool as a weapon.	C
4	2.1		W: I've traveled around the US, but I haven't discovered anything that seems to represent it.^ M: You haven't been to Washington D.C. then. If you had, you would've seen a lot of buildings and statues that have come to represent the US.^ Q: Why should the woman travel to Washington D.C.?	u04_2.1_4.mp3		A) To visit a friend there.	B) To build a statue for the US.	C) To meet typical Americans.	D) To view symbols of the US.	D
4	2.1		W: What do you think comes to mind when foreigners think of the US?^ M: I'm not sure. But I hope they think of our beautiful forests and natural wonders. After all, this is what I think of.^ Q: What does the man wish for?	u04_2.1_5.mp3		A) That foreigners would associate the US with places of beauty and wonder.	B) That America's beautiful forests would become a greater wonder.	C) That people would wonder where America's beautiful forests had gone.	D) That more foreigners would leave America full of hope and wonder.	A
4	2.1		W: I had no idea that America was so famous for its painters.^ M: Well, there have been more than a few great American painters. However, I don't think the US values them as much as it should do.^ Q: According to the man, what is wrong with the US?	u04_2.1_6.mp3		A) Its famous painters have little value.	B) Its people don't give enough credit to its painters.	C) Its painters had no idea how to become famous.	D) It has few great painters.	B
4	2.1		W: I have to write a report on America's greatest symbol, but I don't know what it is.^ M: Well, you have a lot to choose from. There's the Golden Gate Bridge, the White House, the Statue of Liberty and so on... but if you ask me, I think it's the painting American Gothic.^ Q: According to the man, what is America's greatest symbol?	u04_2.1_7.mp3		A) The Golden Gate Bridge.	B) The Statue of Liberty.	C) The White House.	D) American Gothic.	D
4	2.1		W: I don't think America has a symbol that compares with either the Eiffel Tower in Paris or the Great Wall of China.^ M: What are you talking about? There are many symbols in this country. Take the Washington Monument for example, it holds a lot of importance for people here.^ Q: What does the man think of the Washington Monument?	u04_2.1_8.mp3		A) It is greater than the Eiffel Tower.	B) It is more important than the Great Wall.	C) It has a symbolic meaning for Americans.	D) It holds an important place in American history.	C
4	2.1		W: Let's see... so far we've been to Yosemite National Park, the Black Hills, and the Hoover Dam. What's the next stop on this tour? I'm getting kinda tired of sitting.^ M: I'm not exactly sure. Give me a moment and I'll ask the bus driver.^ Q: Where are the speakers?	u04_2.1_9.mp3		A) In the Yosemite Park.	B) At the Black Hills.	C) At the Hoover Dam.	D) On a bus.	D
4	2.1		M: I'm not sure why Mom and Dad took us on this tour of great American symbols.^ W: Seeing these things up close is so much better than learning about them in school. I think they just wanted us to enjoy ourselves.^ Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?	u04_2.1_10.mp3		A) Brother and sister.	B) Teacher and student.	C) Mother and son.	D) Father and daughter.	A
4	2.2	Statue of Liberty	W: Please be careful as you board the ship. We've had a bit of rain today, and the deck is slippery. There, now as you settle into your seats, let me share some information about the Statue of Liberty. But first, does anyone have any questions?^ M: I have some questions about the Statue.^ W: Could you please speak up?^ M: I said, I have some questions about the Statue!^ W: Well then, let me hear them.^ M: Well, you see, I'm writing a report for school. So I need some details, such as how big the Statue is, when it was built, and so on. Mostly, I just need general information.^ W: OK. You know that the Statue was built in France, right?^ M: Sure.^ W: Well, the French originally wanted to complete the Statue by 1876, but they had trouble gathering funds for it. So, it wasn't finished until 1884. It was then transported to the US. It's worth mentioning that the Statue was sent in pieces, which were reassembled after arriving in New York.^ M: When was that?^ W: In 1885.^ M: How tall is the Statue of Liberty?^ W: Altogether, from the ground to the tip of the torch, the Statue is about 93 meters tall.^ M: That's a bit taller than I thought.^ W: My number includes the base size. But subtracting the height of the base, the Statue is about 46 meters.	u04_2.2.mp3	1. Where are the speakers?	A) At the Statue of Liberty.	B) In France.	C) On a tour boat.	D) At a school.	C
4	2.2				2. Why does the man want information about the Statue of Liberty?	A) Because he wants to build a statue like it.	B) Because he wants to impress the woman.	C) Because he wants to visit France someday.	D) Because he wants to write a paper for his class.	D
4	2.2				3. When did the French finish building the Statue?	A) In 1876.	B) In 1884.	C) In 1885.	D) It doesn't say.	B
4	2.2				4. What surprises the man?	A) The Statue was taken apart for transportation.	B) The Statue is taller than he had imagined.	C) The French had problems funding its construction.	D) The Statue was transported on a ship to the US.	B
4	2.2				5. What can we infer from the conversation?	A) The Statue's base is about the same height as the Statue.	B) The Statue is much taller than all other statues.	C) The Statue took longer to be completed than did the base.	D) The Statue required a lot of time to be put back together.	A
4	2.3	American Gothic	I am not only a painter, but a student of art. Sometimes, I don't quite understand why a piece of art is so popular, or why it means what it does to people. Such was the case when I first thought about American Gothic, Grant Wood's famous painting of two farmers.^ American Gothic was inspired by a trip that Wood made in 1930. He saw a house that was built in the 1870s or 1880s, and he was very attracted to its strong design. He then made a quick sketch, went back to his studio, and began his painting immediately. In addition to his sketch made that year, he used an 1890 photograph to help him.^ The painting was strongly criticized by people who thought it made fun of simple farmers. I admit, I once thought the same thing. To me, great paintings are ones that try to understand people, not to laugh at them. And I didn't like American Gothic. When I saw the painting in person, I recognized the strength in the faces of the farmers. I started to see that the artist was expressing the strength of simple American farmers. This is why so many people see the painting as a symbol of the US.	u04_2.3.mp3	1. What does the speaker have trouble understanding?	A) How to paint something.	B) Why a painting is liked.	C) Who the painter Grant Wood was.	D) Simple farmers living in America.	B
4	2.3				2. By the time Wood started American Gothic, how old was the photograph he used?	A) 40 years old.	B) 50 years old.	C) 60 years old.	D) Less than one year old.	A
4	2.3				3. Why didn't some people like American Gothic?	A) Because the design was too strong.	B) Because the painting looked like a photograph.	C) Because the painting was too simple.	D) Because the painting seemed to be making a joke.	D
4	2.3				4. What did the speaker see when she saw the painting in person?	A) The painting was making fun of people.	B) The painting was a symbol of the US.	C) The painting expressed an understanding of people.	D) The painting showed the strength of American farmers.	D
4	2.3				5. What can be inferred from the passage?	A) American Gothic is something of a joke.	B) The speaker changed his mind about the painting.	C) People must see the painting in person to understand it.	D) Great paintings can also make jokes about people.	B
4	2.4	Cola Wars	On this week's Fortune First, Coke or Pepsi.^ It is the question that has fueled the rivalry known as the "cola wars" for decades, but the fight is no longer just about the cola.^ Americans are drinking less carbonated sodas and they want healthier things. Coca Cola launched Coke Zero, a calorie-free drink sweeter than Diet Coke and recently purchased Vitamin Water. The company also created "Make Every Drop Count", an interactive program which encourages coke drinkers to live healthy and active lifestyles. Pepsi is not missing a beat either.^ They've been buying healthier brands, Naked Juice, Star Foods. One of their key divisions is Quicker Foods which of course makes a variety of healthier alternatives. They had a whole chain of fast food restaurants; they don't own those any more. One of the things that they've done which is kind of innovative is they put together a theatre group. Basically it's an alternative to the focus group.^ These plays don't promote Pepsi so much as healthy lifestyles to the audience of retail executives and Pepsi sales teams.^ Coke and Pepsi are not the only companies struggling to meet consumer demands. Many fast food giants have added healthier options to their menus.^ Rivalries are ultimately always a good thing for the consumer at least because they spur competitiveness.	u04_2.4.mp3	1. The "cola wars" have been going on ____________________ . 2. The program "Make Every Drop Count" is meant to encourage coke drinkers to live ____________________ . 3. Coke, Pepsi, and many fast food giants are struggling to ____________________ . 4. Rivalries are basically a good thing because they ____________________ .	for decades^healthy and active lifestyles^meet consumer demands^spur competitiveness^buy healthier brands^own more fast food restaurants				for decades^healthy and active lifestyles^meet consumer demands^spur competitiveness
4	2.5	Is It a Sport?	The most popular sports in America got their starts either through the traditions of other countries or the efforts of people who were not American. But there is one sport that no other country wants to claim, a sport that many people don't even want to call a sport. I'm speaking of professional wrestling.^ Professional wrestling is a form of stage fighting that is done in front of large audiences. It is also televised, and is enormously popular in the United States and in many other countries, especially in Mexico and Japan.^ Many people say that professional wrestling is not a sport because its outcomes are predetermined. The participants know who is going to win before they begin. In fact, they plan it this way. What is more, professional wrestlers don't try to hurt each other. Unlike boxing, professional wrestling doesn't aim for actual violence, just pretend violence.^ But I think people who say this are missing a few important points. First, professional wrestling is very athletic. Participants are very strong and fast, and what they do is difficult. Second, professional wrestling is not the only sport with a predetermined end. Ice skating has a predetermined end as well. And third, not all sports are actually violent. Baseball, for one, is a sport that is not supposed to be violent.	u04_2.5.mp3	1^1^1	Its outcomes are predetermined.@0^It is very athletic.@0@0		Reasons why professional wrestling is not a sport^Reasons why professional wrestling is a sport		0@Participants don't actually try to hurt each other.^0@Some other sports have predetermined ends.@Not all sports are violent.
4	2.6	Paint It Black	I see a red door and I want it painted black^ No colours anymore, I want them to turn black^ I see the girls walk by dressed in their summer clothes^ I have to turn my head until my darkness goes^^ I see a line of cars and they're all painted black^ With flowers and my love, both never to come back^ I see people turn their heads and quickly look away^ Like a newborn baby it just happens everyday^^ I look inside myself and see my heart is black^ I see my red door and I must have it painted black^ Maybe then I'll fade away and not have to face the facts^ It's not easy facing up when your whole world is black^^ No more will my green sea go turn a deeper blue^ I could not foresee this thing happening to you^ If I look hard enough into the setting sun^ My love will laugh with me before the morning comes^^ I see a red door and I want it painted black^ No colours anymore I want them to turn black^ I see the girls walk by dressed in their summer clothes^ I have to turn my head until my darkness goes^^ I wanna see your face painted black, black as night, black as coal^ Don't wanna see the sun, flying high in the sky^ I wanna see it painted, painted, painted, painted black, yeah	u04_2.6.mp3
4	3.1	Certainty	A: It's already 6:45. Are you sure Brian will arrive at 7:00?^ B: I'm not sure because it's rush hour, but I'm certain he is on the way.^ A: Can't be long. It's all for him. We want to give him a surprise party. What if he doesn't show up?^ B: Come on. Don't talk like that. He will definitely come.
4	3.1		A: So, everything is ready. The conference will begin in a minute.^ B: I'm a bit nervous. Are you certain it will be a success? It's our first time to host such a big conference.^ A: It will be successful, I'm sure. We have prepared for a whole month. ^ B: It's clear that we worked very hard. But I just can't help getting worried.^ A: Don't worry. It will be fine.
4	3.1	Possibility	A: It's impossible we will complete the task at the end of the month. We haven't even agreed on the proposal.^ B: But the supervisor said it can't be changed. Is there any chance we could catch up with our work?^ A: We could stand a chance if we worked 24 hours a day.^ B: So why not try?^ A: You must be kidding. It's inhuman.^ B: Then what can we do? Wait for the punishment?
4	3.1		A: I heard Laura won the first prize in the English competition.^ B: It can't be true. She has never earned a mark over 80 on any test.^ A: Is it likely she didn't take studying seriously? You know she is very smart.^ B: That's possible. But to get the first prize is never easy.^ A: Have you noticed that she has put a lot of time into studying English lately? She even cut other classes for the competition.^ B: That helps explain it.
4	3.2	Summarize a Passage: Is It a Sport?	The most popular sports in America got their starts either through the traditions of other countries or the efforts of people who were not American. But there is one sport that no other country wants to claim, a sport that many people don't even want to call a sport. I'm speaking of professional wrestling.^ Professional wrestling is a form of stage fighting that is done in front of large audiences. It is also televised, and is enormously popular in the United States and in many other countries, especially in Mexico and Japan.^ Many people say that professional wrestling is not a sport because its outcomes are predetermined. The participants know who is going to win before they begin. In fact, they plan it this way. What is more, professional wrestlers don't try to hurt each other. Unlike boxing, professional wrestling doesn't aim for actual violence, just pretend violence.^ But I think people who say this are missing a few important points. First, professional wrestling is very athletic. Participants are very strong and fast, and what they do is difficult. Second, professional wrestling is not the only sport with a predetermined end. Ice skating has a predetermined end as well. And third, not all sports are actually violent. Baseball, for one, is a sport that is not supposed to be violent.	u04_2.5.mp3		The speaker lists reasons for and against professional wrestling being a sport.^There are reasons for and against professional wrestling being a sport.
4	3.3	Hooray for Hollywood!	More than the Statue of Liberty or any other symbol, Hollywood has come to represent America. Hollywood is at the heart of American cinema and at the heart of America itself. Hollywood films are known for their largeness -- largeness in stars, largeness in action, and largeness in emotion. Everything communicated by a Hollywood film is more exciting and more powerful than in real life. What is more, in most Hollywood films, good people win over bad people and the endings are generally happy. This Hollywood image of life follows the wishes of the American people to see the prosperous and successful lives they wish to have.	u04_3.3.mp3	What do you think of Hollywood films? What should be the purpose of films?	Hollywood films, with all of their largeness, seem to have lost sight of something very important. Film is an important art form. It is like music or literature. As with art, it can influence us spiritually, making us think more about how we can become better people. European cinema is famous for producing films that show the reality of life, with all of its sadness. These films focus on finding truth in the world and, therefore, make us think more. Sometimes American films do this too, but not often enough. Most of the time, American films give us a false view of life. People are shown fighting and loving in ways that are unlike the ways of ordinary people. Films in this style provide a way to escape reality, not to face it and improve it.
4	4.1	National Symbols	Hello, this is Betsy from Hong Kong. Today, I'm going to talk to you about the movies from Hong Kong. Um, I really think that movies are a symbol of Hong Kong, because when I speak to my friends from America, they all say that they love Jacky Chan and that they love John Woo. And these two are the very big-name action stars uh in Hong Kong. And also when I speak to my Asian friends, um, especially one of them love the Chinese zombie movies when we were growing up watching. And I think these... um just these two to give you example of you know movies, are really a symbol of Hong Kong. And I think recently, you see um director Wong Kai Wei's movie... they're enjoyed by people all over the world. His movie's very poetic, um, very dreamy, and I think that's definitely one of the ways that Hong Kong movie is going.^ Hi, I'm Sebastian from Germany. When you think of Germany, most people will, depending on, you know, their interest, they will either think of your pig's knuckle, your beer and your bread, or you'll think of cars and machines. So, every country has its stereotypes. Most people, they know this. They know what their country, what their country stands for. But it doesn't apply to most people though in their personality, in their interests. But then on the other hand there are some cases where, where... where the basic trend of the country is really noticeable, for example, with Germany now. Um, like I said, there's a lot of machinery, there's a lot of this whole engineering idea, and you'll notice in uh at university, these will be some of the most popular courses. There are a lot of people even though that take business. They will take a double major with engineering. And, so, you know you can say what you want, but then the stereotypes, they are of course stereotypes, but they are an idea of generalization and there will be a trend that a lot of people will follow.^ Hi! My name is Steve. I come from England. A national symbol is a symbol of any entity that considers itself a national community. National symbols intend to unite people by creating visual, verbal, or iconic representations of the national people, values, goals, or history. The flag of a nation is a national symbol. Britain's flag is called the Union Jack. It symbolizes the union of Scotland, England, and Wales. England has a national flower. It's the red rose and symbolizes the two monarchs when they ruled England. Wales, for example, uses a daffodil as its national flower. Sometimes, buildings can be a national symbol. When you think of England, you often think of places like the houses of Parliament or Buckingham Palace.^ Hi, my name is Ted and I'm from America. And today, I'm going to talk to you a little bit about the symbols of America -- what symbolizes my country. Now, for some people, they might say "that's easy!" Hollywood films, popular culture, even food, these things, hot dogs, hamburgers, McDonald's -- these things symbolize America. But I'm going to take a little bit of a different tact. I think it's entrepreneurs, people who start their own companies. I think in America, my country, people have the freedom to start their own company. A man or a woman can start a company. People like Bill Gates, who started Microsoft. Or, people like Warren Buffet, who is a billionaire, lives in the same home he lived in 30 years ago, and he gives a lot of his money to charity. So, I think entrepreneurs, people from other countries, oftentimes who move to America and then start their own business, their own company. This is the true symbol of America, not Hollywood films or McDonald's. Entrepreneurs!							Betsy02.jpg^Sebastian.jpg^Steve.jpg^Ted.jpg
4	4.2	National Symbols			Betsy: Movies are symbol of Hong Kong. Sebastian: The most important symbol of Germany is its beer. Steve: Flowers and buildings can be symbol of a place. Ted: Entrepreneurs are more symbolic of the US than Hollywood.	T F T T				Betsy021.jpg^Sebastian1.jpg^Steve1.jpg^Ted1.jpg
4	4.3	National Symbols
4	5.1	More Information About the Statue of Liberty	W: You look like you're hard at work. Do you have a test coming up?^ M: No. I have a report that's due next week. I have to write five pages on the Statue of Liberty. I'm still gathering information on it. What I've learned is really quite interesting.^ W: It's kinda embarrassing, but I don't know much about it.^ M: Mind if I educate you?^ W: Mind? Heck, I'd appreciate it.^ M: OK. So, here are some facts that I learned from my research. The Statue stands 46 meters high and weighs 225 tons. It was first constructed in France. To travel from Paris to New York Harbor, the Statue had to be disassembled into 300 pieces and shipped in more than 200 wooden boxes.^ W: When was it first displayed?^ M: On October 28th, 1886, President Grover Cleveland delivered an address at the Statue's dedication ceremony, during which she was ultimately unveiled to the American people.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.^ 1. What are the speakers talking about?^ 2. Why is the man gathering information about the Statue?^ 3. What is the woman embarrassed about?^ 4. How many boxes were used in sending the Statue from Paris to New York?^ 5. What happened in October of 1886?	u04_5.1.mp3		Q1: What are the speakers talking about? Ans: D Q2: Why is the man gathering information about the Statue? Ans: C Q3: What is the woman embarrassed about? Ans: C Q4: How many boxes were used in sending the Statue from Paris to New York? Ans: B Q5: What happened in October of 1886? Ans: B
4	5.2	Barbie Dolls	Violent computer games might be teaching children to be violent. Adult movies may be teaching children to use unacceptable language. But what is being taught by Barbie dolls? Many people throughout the years have complained about Barbie dolls. Here are a couple of their complaints.^ For one, people say that Barbie encourages an unrealistic image. The doll's waist is too thin, her neck is too long, and her breasts are too big. Some parents and doctors are concerned about the ideas this gives to young girls. They say that young girls grow up with an idea of beauty that is simply impossible. Young girls will stop from eating, exercise too much, and still they cannot match up with Barbie.^ Barbie also seems to be living in a mostly white world. Barbie is white and her boyfriend is white. Defenders of Barbie say this complaint is not fair, and they point to the many Barbies of different races. In 1978, Mattel, the company that makes Barbie, came out with a Hawaiian Barbie. Then they followed this up with a Black Barbie in 1979, an Asian Barbie in 1981, and an Indian Barbie in 1982.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.^ 1. What is the speaker talking about?^ 2. What might adult movies teach to children?^ 3. What message does Barbie convey to young girls?^ 4. What do people say in support of Barbie?^ 5. When was the Asian Barbie released?	u04_5.2.mp3		Q1: What is the speaker talking about? Ans: C Q2: What might adult movies teach to children? Ans: A Q3: What message does Barbie convey to young girls? Ans: B Q4: What do people say in support of Barbie? Ans: D Q5: When was the Asian Barbie released? Ans: B
4	5.3	Independent Films	When people think of American films, they generally think of Hollywood. However, some films are independent of Hollywood studios. Films made independently from Hollywood are known as independent films. They are made with smaller budgets than their Hollywood counterparts. Movies made in this manner typically emphasize high professional quality in terms of acting, directing, screenwriting, and other elements associated with production. They are also known for creativity and innovation. These movies usually rely upon critical praise or specialized marketing to obtain an audience.^ American independent cinema was energized in the late 1980s and early 1990s. This occurred as another new generation of filmmakers made films. In terms of directing, screenwriting, editing, and other elements, these movies were innovative and often irreverent. They began playing with and contradicting the conventions of Hollywood movies, which audiences seemed to enjoy.^ Furthermore, their considerable financial successes and crossover into popular culture made them even more profitable. Independent films became big business with a large following. Some people have taken advantage of this rise in popularity, making more and more independent films.	u04_5.3.mp3		1) studios 2) counterparts 3) emphasize 4) innovation 5) specialized 6) energized 7) filmmakers 8) They began playing with and contradicting the conventions of Hollywood movies 9) Furthermore, their considerable financial successes and crossover into popular culture 10) Some people have taken advantage of this rise in popularity
4	5.4	Imitate the Speaker	I arrived in Hollywood at the age of 22, in a time different than today's. Back then no route had been established for where I was hoping to go. No pathway left in evidence for me to trace, no custom for me to follow. Yet here I am this evening at the end of a journey that in 1949 would have been considered almost impossible, and in fact might never have been set in motion, were there not an untold number of courageous unselfish choices made by a handful of visionary American filmmakers, directors, writers and producers.^^ From Sidney Poitier's Speech for Winning Oscar Lifetime Achievement Honorary Award	u04_5.4.mp3
5	1.1	StoryCorps	W: We are going to die. This is a sad fact of life -- one that we all must accept. Usually, death involves losing the stories we've collected in our memories. David Isay is here to tell us how we can save all of this information. Thank you for joining us.^ M: Thank you for having me. I've started an oral-history project called StoryCorps to preserve stories that would be lost. I visit homes and I record people as they talk about the important things they've experienced in their lives.^ W: What are some of the best stories you've come across through this project?^ M: I've heard all sorts of adventure stories, mountain climbing and this sort of thing, but what really gets me, what really touches me, are stories with a special message of love and hope.	u05_1.mp3	It is an oral-history project that ____________________ . He records people talking about ____________________ . He likes stories that have a message of ____________________ .	What is StoryCorps? What does David Isay record? What stories does David Isay like best?				preserves stories that would be lost^the important things in their lives^love and hope
5	1.2		W: We are going to die. This is a sad fact of life -- one that we all must accept. Usually, death involves losing the stories we've collected in our memories. David Isay is here to tell us how we can save all of this information. Thank you for joining us.^ M: Thank you for having me. I've started an oral-history project called StoryCorps to preserve stories that would be lost. I visit homes and I record people as they talk about the important things they've experienced in their lives.^ W: What are some of the best stories you've come across through this project?^ M: I've heard all sorts of adventure stories, mountain climbing and this sort of thing, but what really gets me, what really touches me, are stories with a special message of love and hope.	u05_1.mp3	Have you ever dealt with the passing of a loved one? Describe your feelings. "You should always make the most of each day because you never know what could happen tomorrow." Do you agree with the statement? Give your reasons.
5	2.1	Death's Lessons for Life	W: I'll never forgive myself for not being there at Mom's side when she died.^ M: Don't beat yourself up about this. You were there with her during so much of her life, so you have nothing to be ashamed of.^ Q: Why shouldn't the woman feel bad about not being there when her mother died?	u05_2.1_1.mp3		A) Because she had beaten herself up about it already.	B) Because she had stayed with her mother so much already.	C) Becaue her mother had forgiven her about it already.	D) Becaue her mother had never been ashamed of her.	B
5	2.1		W: Before his death, Grandpa said we should always be generous with each other.^ M: That's Grandpa, always telling others what to do. But I'm not so sure he followed his own advice. I, for one, never saw him share with anyone.^ Q: According to the man, what kind of person was Grandpa?	u05_2.1_2.mp3		A) He was generous with others.	B) He shared with everyone.	C) He was not a generous person.	D) He was a man of few words.	C
5	2.1		W: Now that Dad has passed away, we need to prepare some words to say about his life.^ M: We should tell others what he told us -- to make the world a better place by being loving people. I'm sure the rest of the family would appreciate this.^ Q: What does the man think that they should talk about?	u05_2.1_3.mp3		A) The rest of their loving family.	B) Everything their father did in the world.	C) When their father passed away.	D) Some advice their father once gave them.	D
5	2.1		W: My father keeps asking me to take him to a suicide doctor. He says he's ready to die.^ M: Since his illness is beyond cure, maybe you should respect his wishes. I know you don't agree, but it's his life and his choice.^ Q: What does the man think?	u05_2.1_4.mp3		A) He thinks the woman's father has a right to die.	B) He thinks the doctor won't agree with this decision.	C) He thinks the woman doesn't respect her father.	D) He thinks the woman's father can still be cured.	A
5	2.1		W: Though she didn't say so, I think Mom would want me to have some of her money now that she has passed away.^ M: You can have all of it! I don't care about the money; I only care about honoring her memory.^ Q: What does the man care about?	u05_2.1_5.mp3		A) Getting his mother's money.	B) Respecting the memory of his mother.	C) Doing what his mother said.	D) Finding out what his mother said.	B
5	2.1		W: I don't know why Grandma didn't want us to be in the hospital with her when she passed away.^ M: Well, you know, she was a nurse. So she saw a lot of death. It's an ugly thing, and she didn't want us to see it.^ Q: Why did Grandma want the speakers to stay away from her when she passed away?	u05_2.1_6.mp3		A) Because she wanted to have a nurse beside her instead.	B) Because she wanted to keep them from seeing something bad.	C) Because she said the nurses would take care of her instead.	D) Because she heard a nurse say that it was the best thing.	B
5	2.1		W: Do you ever wonder what will happen after death? I mean, is there a heaven, or...^ M: Ah, don't be silly! When you're dead, you're dead! And that's all there is to it! Nothing can convince me otherwise!^ Q: What are the speakers talking about?	u05_2.1_7.mp3		A) The time when the woman will die.	B) What happens after a person dies.	C) How a person can overcome the fear of death.	D) Why a person should wonder about heaven.	B
5	2.1		W: I hear you perform assisted suicides for old people. Is that right? Maybe you can end my pain?^ M: I'm afraid you have me confused with a different doctor. And if you're thinking of killing yourself, you should talk to a family member, your husband perhaps.^ Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?	u05_2.1_8.mp3		A) The doctor will not help the woman die.	B) The woman's pain has ended.	C) The woman feels very confused.	D) The woman's husband won't help her.	A
5	2.1		W: I feel terrible that I couldn't make it to the hospital when Mom was dying.^ M: You should. She kept asking where you were. Our mother was so good to you. You should've been there.^ Q: What is the relationship between the two speakers?	u05_2.1_9.mp3		A) Mother and son.	B) Father and daughter.	C) Doctor and patient.	D) Brother and sister.	D
5	2.1		W: When winter hits, old people die at a surprising rate here. Maybe 60 or 70 people will go in the first month.^ M: Actually, the first month of last winter took 85 in our town. And with Dad being 86 now, I'm praying that he can survive the winter.^ Q: How old is their father?	u05_2.1_10.mp3		A) 60.	B) 70.	C) 85.	D) 86.	D
5	2.2	Mom's Final Advice	M: How's your mother?^ W: She didn't pull through.^ M: What?^ W: Yeah, she passed away. It happened last night, at just after eleven o'clock. But I'd been expecting it for a long time.^ M: Oh, I'm so sorry.^ W: Thanks. I'll be OK. Mom left me with some wisdom just before she passed away.^ M: What did she say?^ W: Minutes before she went, she said that there were 20 good things in life. And if a person did at least 15 of these things, that person would be happy.^ M: Would you mind telling me what these things are?^ W: Sure. One was that a person should have children. Having children can teach you about sharing, love, and so much more. Mom said it was the best thing she had ever done.^ M: And the others?^ W: She said that a person should give money to charity, write a book, travel around the world, and make peace with one's enemies.^ M: That's five things altogether. What about the others?^ W: She closed her eyes then. And that was it.^ M: That's so sad!^ W: Not really. I think I could guess the rest. Essentially, Mom was telling me to have an exciting and loving life, without hatred or anger.	u05_2.2.mp3	1. What are the speakers talking about?	A) A mother's happy life.	B) A mother's final advice.	C) A mother's time in the hospital.	D) A mother's best virtues.	B
5	2.2				2. According to the woman's mother, how many things should a person do at least in order to be happy?	A) 5.	B) 20.	C) 15.	D) 11.	C
5	2.2				3. What can one learn from having children?	A) To make peace with others.	B) To give money to charity and to write.	C) To have less enemies than before.	D) To be loving and generous with others.	D
5	2.2				4. What can we infer from the conversation?	A) The mother had told the daughter to waste less money.	B) The mother had done everything that was important to her.	C) The mother didn't really have more things to say.	D) The mother would have said more if she hadn't died.	D
5	2.2				5. Why did the daughter feel all right even though her mother failed to list all of the good things?	A) Because she felt she understood the essentials of what her mother meant to say.	B) Because she felt her mother's advice is of little value but loved her anyway.	C) Because she felt her mother was at peace with the world, especially her children.	D) Because she felt her mother had taught her how to stop being full of hatred and anger.	A
5	2.3	Are You Afraid to Die?	Are you afraid to die? We asked over 57,000 adults this question and others in a poll. Before we conducted the poll, we had an idea of what sort of answers we would receive. We expected around 90 percent of the people to admit a great fear of death, and most of them, up to 70 percent, to say they were afraid of what comes after death. But it wasn't the case, not at all.^ A surprising 80 percent of people responding to the poll said they didn't fear death at all. Twelve percent said they feared death only a little, and only eight percent reported great fear associated with death.^ However, people are not without worries. The people we polled answered the other questions, saying, though they didn't fear death, they feared the problems leading up to death. The biggest of these problems had to do with close family members. Adults with children overwhelmingly said they worried about children who would have to watch them die. The process of watching someone die is incredibly difficult, and parents didn't want their children to see them go through it. Interestingly enough, however, most of the people who said this also said they wanted to care for their own parents as their parents became elderly.	u05_2.3.mp3	1. What is the speaker talking about?	A) A poll investigating the fear of death.	B) How people try to live longer lives.	C) How difficult it is to care for the elderly.	D) The questions people have about death.	A
5	2.3				2. What did researchers expect?	A) Few people in this world to fear death.	B) Most people to fear problems leading toward death.	C) A large majority to fear death more than anything.	D) Almost everyone to fear what will happen after death.	C
5	2.3				3. What percentage of people fear death only a little?	A) 8%.	B) 12%.	C) 80%.	D) 90%.	B
5	2.3				4. What is the biggest concern about death?	A) Watching their children die.	B) Caring for others as they die.	C) Having their children watch them die.	D) Fearing what comes after death.	C
5	2.3				5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?	A) Most adults don't want to watch their parents approach death.	B) Most adults can't care for their parents as their parents approach death.	C) Most adults want to be with their parents as they grow old.	D) Most adults think it will be difficult to watch their parents approach death.	C
5	2.4	Words to Live By	I'll give you some advice about life. Eat more roughage. Do more than others expect you to do and do it at pains. Remember what life tells you. Don't take to heart every thing you hear. Don't spend all that you have. Don't sleep as long as you want. Whenever you say "I love you", please say it honestly. Whenever you say "I'm sorry", please look into the other person's eyes. Fall in love at first sight. Love deeply and ardently, even if there is pain, but this is the way to make your life complete. Find a way to settle, not to dispute. Never judge people by their appearance. Speak slowly, but think quickly. When someone asks you a question you don't want to answer, smile and say, "Why do you want to know?" Remember that the man who can shoulder the most risk will gain the deepest love and the supreme accomplishment. Call your mother on the phone. If you can't, you may think of her in your heart. When someone sneezes, say, "God bless you." If you fail, don't forget to learn your lesson.	u05_2.4.mp3	1. You should do more than others expect you to do and ____________________ . 2. A person should be honest when he says " ____________________ ". 3. People should not be judged by ____________________ . 4. "Why do you want to know?" is a good answer to a question ____________________ . 5. If you can't call your mother, you may ____________________ .					do it at pains^I love you^their appearance^you don't want to answer^think of her in your heart
5	2.5	Quick Death and Slow Death	Death can be sudden or drawn out. And I suppose there are advantages to each. A sudden death is painless, so a person who dies quickly doesn't suffer as much. In addition, a quick death is cheap. Family members don't have to pay for large hospital bills for this kind of conclusion.^ These are good reasons to wish for a quick death. However, I believe there are also good reasons to want a slower death. In my opinion, the benefits of a slow death are greater than the benefits of a faster one.^ Most important to me, and first among my list of reasons, is that a slow death gives a person time to think about his or her life. What is life's meaning? What was the best part? We spend all our lives thinking about these questions. It's nice to have some time at the end to consider them and hopefully come to definitive answers.^ Secondly, a slow death allows one to say goodbye to his or her family and friends. This may be important to those left behind. It gives them a sense of closure and the opportunity to say things that may have been difficult at other times.^ And thirdly, a slow death gives one time to arrange his or her financial affairs. A person can make out a will. This, of course, makes things easier for the family.	u05_2.5.mp3	1^1^1	It is painless.@0^It gives one time to think about life.@0@0		A quick death is better^A slow death is better		0@It is cheap.^0@It allows one to say goodbye.@It gives one time to arrange his or her financial affairs.
5	2.6	I'm Fat	Your butt is wide, well mine is too^ Just watch your mouth or I'll sit on you^ The word is out, better treat me right^ 'Cause I'm the king of cellulite^ Ham on, ham on, ham on whole wheat, all right^^ My zippers bust, my buckles break^ I'm too much man for you to take^ The pavement cracks when I fall down^ I've got more chins than Chinatown^^ Well, I've never used a phone booth^ And I've never seen my toes^ When I'm goin' to the movies^ I take up seven rows^^ Because I'm fat, I'm fat, sha mon (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ You know I'm fat, I'm fat, you know it (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ You know I'm fat, I'm fat, come on you know (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ Don'tcha call me pudgy, portly or stout^ Just now tell me once again who's fat^^ When I walk out to get my mail^ It measures on the Richter scale^ Down at the beach I'm a lucky man^ I'm the only one who gets a tan^ If I have one more pie a la mode^ I'm gonna need my own zip code^^ When you're only having seconds^ I'm having twenty-thirds^ When I go to get my shoes shined^ I gotta take their word^^ Because I'm fat, I'm fat, sha mon (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ You know I'm fat, I'm fat, you know it (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ You know I'm fat, I'm fat, you know it you know (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ And my shadow weighs forty-two pounds^ Let me tell you once again who's fat^^ If you see me comin' your way^ Better give me plenty space^ If I tell you that I'm hungry^ Then won't you feed my face^^ Because I'm fat, I'm fat, sha mon (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ You know I'm fat, I'm fat, you know it (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ You know I'm fat, I'm fat, you know it, you know (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ Woo woo woo, when I sit around the house I really sit around the house^^ You know I'm fat, I'm fat, sha mon (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ You know I'm fat, I'm fat, you know it, you know it (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ You know, you know, you know, come on (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ And you know all by myself I'm a crowd^ Let me tell you once again^^ You know I'm huge, I'm fat, you know it (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ You know I'm fat, you know, hoo (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ You know I'm fat, I'm fat, you know it, you know (Fat, fat, really really fat)^ And the whole world knows I'm fat and I'm proud^ Just tell me once again who's fat	u05_2.6.mp3
5	3.1	Belief	A: Hi, you are back. I hope you had a nice trip to the island.^ B: We sure did. The travel agency made great arrangements for us. They were very thoughtful. We really have full confidence in them.^ A: I agree. By the way, I've been to the island, too. It's a great place to relax and sightsee.^ B: I feel the same way.
5	3.1		A: Our team has played well in the first half.^ B: No doubt we will win.^ A: I'm sure the goalkeeper won't let us down.^ B: Absolutely. Everyone has confidence in him.
5	3.1		A: Bob said he could finish the project in ten days.^ B: I know he'll get it done.^ A: He is one of the most capable employees in this company.^ B: He sure is. Everybody is convinced of his abilities.
5	3.1		A: The rumor is that Sam lied to us. Do you believe that?^ B: No, I don't. I have never doubted his honesty. He didn't lie to us. Take my word for it.^ A: I also have faith in his honesty. He doesn't even tell white lies.^ B: Everyone believes he is honest.
5	3.1	Doubt	A: My car wheels are gone.^ B: I can't believe it. Are you kidding? What happened?^ A: I left the car out of the garage last night. I meant to put it away later, but then totally forgot about it.^ B: You did? That's too bad.
5	3.1		A: The report is due next Monday, but I haven't started it yet.^ B: You can't be serious! You only have two days left.^ A: That's true. That's why I'm not sure if I can finish it on time.^ B: Don't worry. I'll help you.
5	3.1		A: I'm surprised Jim is absent again from the meeting.^ B: He told me he was ill.^ A: I doubt that.^ B: I also suspect he was lying.
5	3.1		A: Oh, no. Laura has changed her mind again. She says she is going to Hawaii for vacation.^ B: I haven't much faith in her words.^ A: This is the third time she has changed her mind.^ B: Don't expect me to believe her again.
5	3.2	Summarize a Passage: Quick Death and Slow Death	Death can be sudden or drawn out. And I suppose there are advantages to each. A sudden death is painless, so a person who dies quickly doesn't suffer as much. In addition, a quick death is cheap. Family members don't have to pay for large hospital bills for this kind of conclusion.^ These are good reasons to wish for a quick death. However, I believe there are also good reasons to want a slower death. In my opinion, the benefits of a slow death are greater than the benefits of a faster one.^ Most important to me, and first among my list of reasons, is that a slow death gives a person time to think about his or her life. What is life's meaning? What was the best part? We spend all our lives thinking about these questions. It's nice to have some time at the end to consider them and hopefully come to definitive answers.^ Secondly, a slow death allows one to say goodbye to his or her family and friends. This may be important to those left behind. It gives them a sense of closure and the opportunity to say things that may have been difficult at other times.^ And thirdly, a slow death gives one time to arrange his or her financial affairs. A person can make out a will. This, of course, makes things easier for the family.	u05_2.5.mp3		The speaker believes that quick death and slow death have advantages respectively.^There are advantages to both quick death and slow death.
5	3.3	A Worthwhile Life	A: Thank you for coming, Uncle Steve.^ B: I loved your mom very much. Hearing that she had passed away hurt me deeply, maybe more than anything ever has. She was a very special woman to many people, and she'll be missed.^ A: Ma had a simple nature. She didn't do anything big to change the world -- never cured some terrible disease, never invented a product to improve people's lives, never led a campaign to make life more fair for all of the disadvantaged people in the world -- but I think she led a worthwhile life. She cared for her family and friends. She worked hard at her job. Yes, many people will miss her.	u05_3.3.mp3	What do you think of the mother's simple life? What makes life worth living?	As to what makes life worth living, there are many possible answers. Some people believe that a simple life is best. As it is impossible for most people to do such things as fighting for the freedom of all humankind, one should not be expected to do too much. That is, it is enough for people to do simple things. Simple, here doesn't mean unimportant. Sharing love, raising a family, and doing a good job at work are all simple but important things. These are the things that should be our focus. When we are near the end of our lives, we should be able to take pride in the simple things that we did along the way. Otherwise, life, this very precious thing, would be a waste.
5	4.1	Talk About Death	Hi, my name is Sarah. I'm from Germany. And today, I want to describe a bit how burials happen in Germany and what we do for that. Um, I think first when somebody of our family dies, um, what you have to do after is of course write the special card to all the family members and to all the people that... that person know to tell, yep, that he or she is dead. And then you also have to, of course, take care of the burial and you have to buy a coffin. Then, maybe after a few days, a week or so, um, all the people that are invited meet in the church and we have a mass, to say the last good-bye to that person. Each year, we have one special day where um people actually come back to the tomb and take care, clean it up, and put new flowers.^ Hi, my name is Ayumi. I'm from Japan and I spent a few years studying in the United States. The topic I will be talking about is "Death Lessons for Life". A few years ago, one of my good friends passed away in a car accident. He was on his way to visit some friends and the driver of the car fell asleep, and ran into the side of the road. He was only 20 years old. Jack and I were very close. We spent our childhood growing up together, playing games and computer games, watching TV, and even taking family vacations together. His death was a shock to all of us. At school, we had a memorial service to remember him, where everyone gathered together and told stories about their experiences with Jack. His death taught all of us that life was very fragile. It should not be taken for granted. And you should always make the most of each day because you never know what could happen tomorrow. Thank you.^ Hi, my name is Andrew and I come from Canada. I'm going to talk a little bit about death, and how we view and how we deal with it in the West. Death is obviously something that no one wants to deal with. Everyone would like to live on forever if they could, and they were happy. I guess if they were sad, they might not want to. But uh there are traditional ways to deal with the body after its... its uh owner has... has passed away. Uh, the most traditional of which would be a burial in a coffin. Now, when my father died, he did not want this to happen. He thought that it would be a waste of money to have a coffin which sometimes costs a few thousand dollars and bury it in a place that has to be rented. So, he choose... chose to be cremated, which is burned and turned into ashes. Now, he also didn't want this to be buried as well. He... his last wish actually was for his ashes to be spread in his favorite park where he used to go walking. So, he was free in death as he was in life.^ Hi, everybody. This is Kim. I was born in Korea and raised in the States. Now, I would like to talk to all of you out there about something we all have in common and it's usually a pretty serious issue. Um, I'm talking about death, right? Uh, actually it's usually referred to as a very, you know, morbid thing in the East where people... we spend a lot of time grieving when... when our loved ones pass away. Now, I'm not really saying that's wrong. But in our culture, there's so much tradition and... and... and... and... and... and... we spend a lot of time just grieving over the passing of a loved one. But uh growing up in the States, I've uh been to uh... uh, not many but a few, occasions where people actually treated it as a celebration of how uh the loved one lived. So, I think... but there's also the grieving of OK losing that person. But I think it's a... a more positive way of looking at something that we all share. And that's what will eventually happen to us someday. Just be happy and smile. Thanks.							Sarah.jpg^Ayumi.jpg^Andrew.jpg^Kim.jpg
5	4.2				Sarah: In Germany, people go to clean tombs and put flowers every month. Ayumi: We should make good use of every day because there are so many things to be done. Andrew: The most traditional way of dealing with a dead body is to buy a coffin and have a burial. Kim: In Korea, people will spend a lot of time grieving over the death of a loved one.	F F T T				Sarah1.jpg^Ayumi1.jpg^Andrew1.jpg^Kim1.jpg
5	4.3
5	5.1	Live Forever?	W: I would like to live forever.^ M: That's impossible!^ W: Yeah, I know. But still, it'd be nice. Don't you think so?^ M: Hardly.^ W: What do you mean?^ M: People are living longer and longer nowadays. Only a few generations ago, it was uncommon for people to live into their 70s or 80s. The government offered to make payments to people older than 65, because not so many people lived to be older than that.^ W: Yeah?^ M: Yeah. But now, people are regularly living to be 90, 95... My great-grandmother turned 100 last week.^ W: So why is this a problem?^ M: You should see my great-grandmother! She's miserable. She says she WANTS to die.^ W: Why?^ M: "Life is too painful when all your organs are weak," she says.^ W: Yeah, I can understand that. But think of all the good things a person would miss if he or she were dead!^ M: But the dead don't worry about this. When you're dead, there are no cares at all!^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.^ 1. What can be inferred from the conversation?^ 2. According to the conversation, what is common now?^ 3. How old is the man's great-grandmother?^ 4. Why does the great-grandmother want to die?^ 5. What does the man think?	u05_5.1.mp3		Q1: What can be inferred from the conversation? Ans: D Q2: According to the conversation, what is common now? Ans: A Q3: How old is the man's great-grandmother? Ans: A Q4: Why does the great-grandmother want to die? Ans: B Q5: What does the man think? Ans: C
5	5.2	Care Centers	There's a care center for old people near my university. It's a place where old people go to live out the last years or months of their lives. Doctors and nurses care for them and make them as comfortable as possible. I know this place well, because I go there as a volunteer almost every day.^ Some people might find this place depressing. And I have to admit, sometimes it is. Still, I learn a lot from the experience, and I find it mostly uplifting. Here, among the elderly, I make friends that are unlike any of my friends at school. These people have experienced so much. One man told me about his adventures in Africa. A woman told me about her children. She has 19!^ Care centers for the elderly are often visited by people like me. Still, more people are needed to offer warmth and attention. Some care centers advertise for more volunteers to come. They are especially interested in people who can play the piano. But everyone is welcome to visit, as long as they are friendly and ready to listen.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.^ 1. What is the speaker talking about?^ 2. What does the speaker do?^ 3. What did the speaker learn from the people at the care center?^ 4. What did one woman tell the speaker about?^ 5. Who are greatly needed in some care centers?	u05_5.2.mp3		Q1: What is the speaker talking about? Ans: B Q2: What does the speaker do? Ans: D Q3: What did the speaker learn from the people at the care center? Ans: C Q4: What did one woman tell the speaker about? Ans: A Q5: Who are greatly needed in some care centers? Ans: A
5	5.3	People Should Move On	Dad was the kindest man I ever met. Yet I was never able to know him as well as I wanted to. He never elaborated upon the things close to his heart. I know he loved all his children. But because outward signs of affection were never shown in our family, I was never able to express my love for him.^ I was with Dad on the night he passed away. I longed to be able to kneel by his bedside and say, "I love you, Dad." I tried to, but I was embarrassed. Even at that time I felt he would consider it wrong for me to try to express my feelings in words.^ After Dad had passed away, all of the children gathered around Mom. I'd visit her twice a day and listen to her talk about Dad. At first, listening to the stories was a real chore, but over time, I started to enjoy them more and more. And then, once, when I had listened to her all afternoon, Mom said, "Now that I've talked to you, I feel ten years younger." And then she was done. No more stories. When I asked her to tell me another, she said that people shouldn't live their lives always thinking about the past. People should move on.	u05_5.3.mp3		1) Yet 2) elaborated 3) outward 4) kneel 5) embarrassed 6) express 7) gathered 8) but over time, I started to enjoy them more and more 9) Now that I've talked to you, I feel ten years younger 10) people shouldn't live their lives always thinking about the past
5	5.4	Imitate the Speaker	My third story is about death.^ When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: "If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: "If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?" And whenever the answer has been "No" for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.^ Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything -- all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure -- these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important.^^ From the "Commencement Address at Standford University" by Steve Jobs	u05_5.4.mp3
6	1.1	"Get Ready"	The word from scientists and politicians is to "get ready". Get ready for earthquakes. Get ready for global warming. Get ready for nature, because nature is not your faithful friend. Changing climate patterns and natural disasters bring about real problems and challenges for every person on this planet. This has always been the case for mankind. However, these changes are occurring more rapidly than ever before, and the disasters are becoming more severe. In order to survive, people must work together to defend themselves. We must come up with new ideas for our preservation. We must also develop new technologies, such as pre-warning systems that can tell us when disasters are on their way. For more information on how you can protect yourself, visit your local library for books on the subject of survival or view the government website.	u06_1.mp3	What is the word from scientists and politicians?^What makes the present situation different from that of the past?^What books should we get in a library for self-protection information?	0^0^0				"Get ready".^Climate changes are occurring more rapidly and natural disasters are becoming more severe.^Books on the subject of survival.
6	1.2		The word from scientists and politicians is to "get ready". Get ready for earthquakes. Get ready for global warming. Get ready for nature, because nature is not your faithful friend. Changing climate patterns and natural disasters bring about real problems and challenges for every person on this planet. This has always been the case for mankind. However, these changes are occurring more rapidly than ever before, and the disasters are becoming more severe. In order to survive, people must work together to defend themselves. We must come up with new ideas for our preservation. We must also develop new technologies, such as pre-warning systems that can tell us when disasters are on their way. For more information on how you can protect yourself, visit your local library for books on the subject of survival or view the government website.	u06_1.mp3	Which do you think are more disastrous, natural disasters or man-made disasters? Do you know how we can prevent disasters from happening or how we can take care of them? Describe it.
6	2.1	Defending Ourselves Against Disasters	W: We were struck by an earthquake last week, storms this week, and reports show a tornado is on its way! What did we do to deserve this?^ M: Deserve has nothing to do with it. It's nature. We've just got to ready ourselves against it.^ Q: How does the man feel?	u06_2.1_1.mp3		A) He feels they deserve the earthquake and all the other disasters.	B) He feels they did nothing to deserve the disasters that continue to occur.	C) He feels everyone is ready for the tornado that's coming in soon.	D) He feels they must protect themselves against disasters.	D
6	2.1		W: I'm worried our home won't stand up to an earthquake if one should come.^ M: Perhaps not. But I built it to withstand a flood, and I think it should do that just fine. After all, floods are our concern in this region, not earthquakes.^ Q: What was the man thinking about when he built his house?	u06_2.1_2.mp3		A) That it wasn't able to survive an earthquake.	B) That it wasn't able to withstand a flood.	C) That it must stand up to an earthquake.	D) That it must be able to survive in a flood.	D
6	2.1		W: Did you see the news? An earthquake hit Japan today.^ M: Oh, that's terrible. Just a week ago, there were earthquakes in the US and China. I hope we can learn to protect ourselves from them.^ Q: What is the conversation about?	u06_2.1_3.mp3		A) Japan having terrible earthquakes.	B) News reports telling of earthquakes.	C) People learning how to protect themselves.	D) Earthquakes occurring around the world.	D
6	2.1		M: Many voters are concerned about the rising costs of fuel.^ W: I think they're being a little shortsighted. Rising fuel costs are good for the environment, because higher costs force people to consume less resources.^ Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?	u06_2.1_4.mp3		A) The woman feels bad because she can't pay the higher fuel costs.	B) The woman feels happy because rising fuel costs can benefit the environment.	C) The woman feels concerned because fuel costs are starting to rise.	D) The woman feels concerned because she doesn't know who to vote for.	B
6	2.1		W: Is it just my imagination, or are the winters not as cold as they used to be?^ M: I don't think you're imagining it. Many other people are saying the same thing. And some are worried that it's signaling something bad to come.^ Q: What do some people expect?	u06_2.1_5.mp3		A) Winters are still as cold as ever.	B) People will be more imaginative.	C) Something bad is going to happen.	D) More people will say the same thing.	C
6	2.1		M: If anyone knows a better energy source than oil, share your idea with the class.^ W: I might have an answer. Wind power is renewable, clean, and can be obtained in more places than oil.^ Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?	u06_2.1_6.mp3		A) Wind power is superior to oil.	B) Oil is decreasing in reserve.	C) Wind power is as clean as oil.	D) Oil is not a good energy source.	A
6	2.1		M: You're too young to remember, but in the 1970s there was a terrible energy crisis.^ W: I've read about it. And if we want to avoid another one, and protect what we have, I think we must learn how to conserve our resources.^ Q: What has the woman read about?	u06_2.1_7.mp3		A) Ways to protect what they now have.	B) Ways to avoid the upcoming energy crisis.	C) What happened during the 1970s energy crisis.	D) How to conserve their resources in the future.	C
6	2.1		W: You've been standing here all day. What are you doing?^ M: I'm talking to people about our shrinking forests. It's a very important issue. If forests aren't protected, we won't have any trees left.^ Q: What is the man doing?	u06_2.1_8.mp3		A) Reading a book about forests.	B) Protecting people in danger.	C) Telling others about the condition of forests.	D) Standing under a big tree and shouting.	C
6	2.1		M: New regulations will require most factories to reduce waste output by 30 to 35 percent.^ W: Some will only have to cut waste by only two or three percent. But we're going to be hit hard by this new law. We're going to get it down by 50 percent.^ Q: How much will the speakers' factory have to cut waste by?	u06_2.1_9.mp3		A) 50%.	B) 2 or 3%.	C) 30%.	D) 35%.	A
6	2.1		W: Can you go upstairs, gather the newspapers in your room, and bring them downstairs, honey? I'm going to make a run to the recycling plant.^ M: Can I do it after school? I'm really in a hurry.^ Q: Where are the speakers?	u06_2.1_10.mp3		A) In a recycling plant.	B) At school.	C) At their home.	D) In a newspaper office.	C
6	2.2	Being Safe in an Earthquake	W: Today we're very lucky to have with us a special guest. So I want you all to say hello to Officer Mitchell.^ M: Thank you, Ms. Lewis. I'm here to tell you about being safe during an earthquake. To start, does anybody have any questions? Anybody? Anyone at all? Would anyone like...^ W: Officer Mitchell, I think the students are a little shy. How about I ask you some questions?^ M: Sure. That'd be fine.^ W: What should I do in an earthquake?^ M: You should find a secure location to wait it out, like under a heavy table or desk, or in an interior hallway where you can brace yourself between two walls. Doorways are the safest places to stand, thanks to the strong beams overhead. However, watch out for swinging doors. And stay away from windows.^ W: What if I'm outside?^ M: In that case, you should get into an open area, away from falling buildings, trees, and other things. And if you're in a crowded public area, you should crouch low with your hands protecting your head and neck.^ W: That sounds like good advice. But what if I'm driving?^ M: Then pull over to the side of the road, stop, and wait until the quake has ended. Remember, earthquakes, like so many other things in nature, are dangerous.	u06_2.2.mp3	1. What are the speakers talking about?	A) How to protect yourself during an earthquake.	B) Damage that is done by an earthquake.	C) Things that can happen during an earthquake.	D) Things people usually do during an earthquake.	A
6	2.2				2. Where is the conversation taking place?	A) In a police office department.	B) In a car.	C) In a classroom.	D) Outside.	C
6	2.2				3. Where is the best place to stay inside a building during an earthquake?	A) Next to a wall.	B) In a doorway.	C) In a hallway.	D) Under a desk.	B
6	2.2				4. Under what circumstance should a person get low and protect his or her head during an earthquake?	A) When staying under a heavy table.	B) When staying outside surrounded by people.	C) When staying in one's car on the road.	D) When staying in a falling building.	B
6	2.2				5. Where should a person stop his or her car during an earthquake?	A) Away from falling buildings.	B) On the road.	C) In the center of a public area.	D) On the side of the road.	D
6	2.3	The Earth Will Die?	How should we feel when told the earth is going to die? Should we feel responsible? Troubled? Upset? I don't think so. I've come to realize that mankind is unable to "kill" the earth. Yes, we can change it. But the earth has been changed before, and has not died yet.^ For example, during the past 1.65 million years, there have been four major, and many minor, episodes of global cooling. These episodes resulted in the southward surge of huge fields of glacial ice in both North America and Eurasia. These episodes also caused great migrations of animals and plants. And yet, the earth remained.^ The earth also survived greater changes, ones that caused mass extinctions of animals. During a six-to-eight-million-year time period around 380 million years ago, only 300 species groups were left in existence. And still, the earth remained. It would've survived if only 250 or 200 groups had lived, or even 100.^ So what should we do when we are told that the earth will die? Well, we probably shouldn't listen. The earth will survive. We, on the other hand, may not. And so, it is in our best interest to conserve resources and defend ourselves against natural disasters.	u06_2.3.mp3	1. What is the speaker talking about?	A) The damages people have done to the earth.	B) The responsibility we have to save the earth.	C) The reason why the earth will survive.	D) The history of all the changes to the earth.	C
6	2.3				2. What caused great migrations of animals and plants?	A) Irresponsible human actions.	B) The mass extinctions of animals.	C) The changes in the earth six to eight million years ago.	D) The climate changes starting 1.65 million years ago.	D
6	2.3				3. How many groups of species were left around 380 million years ago?	A) 250.	B) 200.	C) 300.	D) 100.	C
6	2.3				4. What should we worry about most?	A) Great changes to the earth.	B) The number of species left.	C) The earth dying.	D) Mankind dying out.	D
6	2.3				5. What should we defend ourselves against?	A) Things such as tornadoes and earthquakes.	B) People who control resources.	C) How the earth can survive.	D) How mankind can survive.	A
6	2.4	Quake's Deadly Toll Rising	More than 24 hours after tragedy struck South and Central Asia, the clean-up is already under way in Islamabad. But this is what actually happened at the same spot, a hundred kilometers away from the epicenter of the 7.6 earthquake, seconds after the earth shook, a massive cloud of dust is all that can be seen of a multi-storey building in Pakistan's capital, Islamabad. But the epicenter was in the Kashmirian Mountains, near here, Muzaffarabad, the capital of Pakistan-administered Kashmir. It's a very mountainous region, remote at the best of times. Victims were in need in similarly treacherous terrain in the northwestern frontier province.^ No one knows how long it will take for rescuers and aid to get to such places. Road access is likely to be limited, if not impossible. Until then, like here in Afghanistan, people are using their bare hands to clear debris. Too late for this ten-year-old girl. Pakistan's President, General Pervez Musharraf and his government try to assure the public that everything is being done to help victims. The earthquake and continuing aftershocks struck in a heavily militarized region. That may be an advantage now. There are reports of extraordinary cooperation between the Pakistani and Indian soldiers in disputed Kashmir.^ "In some of the areas, the army was already deployed and they immediately started the rescue works and in the other areas, the rescue teams are being flown through the helicopters."^ But the need is overwhelming and urgent, unknown numbers of people are sleeping in the open and they've lost everything.	u06_2.4.mp3	1. People are cleaning up after the earthquake in ____________________ . 2. A cloud of dust is all that remains of ____________________ . 3. The epicenter of the earthquake was in ____________________ . 4. It might actually be an advantage that the earthquake and aftershocks have hit ____________________ . 5. Pakistani soldiers are being joined in their rescue efforts by soldiers from ____________________ .	Islamabad^a tall Islamabad building^the Kashmirian Mountains^a heavily militarized region^India^the northwestern frontier province^a rescue center				Islamabad^a tall Islamabad building^the Kashmirian Mountains^a heavily militarized region^India
6	2.5	Oil's Problems	Since oil first started being used to generate a mass amount of energy, its problems have been obvious to people. And in recent years, oil's problems have been increasingly troublesome. At this point, it's clear that we need to be developing other methods for generating energy.^ One major problem is that oil is very dirty. Oil burning leads to the release of gases that pollute the environment. Problems resulting from this include global warming and health concerns for people. Oil drilling also causes environmental problems, as oil coming up to the surface of the ground spills into the surrounding land.^ A second major problem is that oil transportation is dangerous to wildlife. Oil spills, possible when we transport oil by ship, are extremely deadly to marine life.^ And a third major problem is that oil is limited. Since oil takes millions of years to form, and since we are using a lot of it, we will eventually run out. When that day comes, the world will be in real trouble. Thus, it's better to develop new methods for generating energy now.	u06_2.5.mp3	1^1^1	0^0^0		Oil's Problems		Oil is dirty.^Oil transportation is dangerous to wildlife.^Oil is limited.
6	2.6	She's No Lady, She's My Wife	She hates my mama^ She hates my daddy too^ She loves to tell me^ She hates the things I do^ She loves to lie beside me^ Almost every night^ She's no lady she's my wife^^ The preacher asked her^ And she said I do^ The preacher asked me^ And she said yes he does too^ And the preacher said^ I pronounce you 99 to life^ Son she's no lady she's your wife^^ And I can't remember^ How I met her^ Seems like she's always just been hanging here off my right arm^ And I can't remember^ How I ever^ Thought that I just couldn't live without a woman's charm^^ And even though^ She loves the smell of French perfume^ And even though^ She walks around in high-heel shoes^ All I know^ Is I'm the one who pays her price^ Man she's no lady she's my wife^^ And I can't remember^ How I met her^ Seems like she's always just been hanging here off my right arm^ And I can't remember^ How I ever^ Thought that I just couldn't live without a woman's charm^^ Yes she hates my mama^ She hates my daddy too^ She loves to tell me^ How much she hates the things I do^ She loves to lie beside me^ Almost every night^ She's no lady she's my wife^ She's no lady she's my wife	u06_2.6.mp3
6	3.1	Predicting	A: We're going to have a picnic this afternoon. Will you come with us?^ B: I'd like to, but I think it's going to rain.^ A: I bet you are wrong about that. It's going to be a lovely day -- not a cloud in the sky.^ B: But the weather forecast predicts we will have some rain today.
6	3.1		A: Are you determined to walk through the woods by yourself?^ B: Yeah. I am.^ A: Won't you take a guide with you?^ B: No. I'm sure I won't get lost in the woods.
6	3.1		A: What time is it, please?^ B: It's 7:45. You are going to be late for work!^ A: Don't worry. Harry is going to give me a ride. So I'm sure I will make it.^ B: You'd better hurry up. The traffic is going to be really heavy this morning; it's Monday.^ A: I know. But I bet I won't be late.
6	3.1		A: I predict the oil crisis will continue for another three months.^ B: You do? But I think it will stop sooner.^ A: Some experts' prediction is that the war will probably last for a few years.^ B: I don't think so. I wouldn't be surprised if it is over very soon.
6	3.1	Promising	A: I heard you are going to the post office.^ Can I count on you to express mail this letter for me? It has to be mailed today.^ B: Yes. You can count on me.^ A: You won't forget? I know you have a busy schedule.^ B: I won't forget. You can be sure of that.^ A: This is really important to me.^ B: Don't worry. I promise I'll do it for you.
6	3.1		A: Remember it's Bob's birthday this Sunday.^ B: I won't forget it. I will send him a present.^ A: Can you also send him a card with both of our names on it?^ B: Definitely. I promise I'll do that.
6	3.1		A: My son Jimmy was angry with me because I forgot to buy him a toy car.^ B: You should always keep your word.^ A: I know. I give you my word that I'll go buy it right now.^ B: Jimmy will forgive you then.
6	3.1		A: Can I pick up my car today?^ B: I'm afraid you can't. But I promise you can come to get it tomorrow.^ A: Are you sure? I have to use it this weekend.^ B: I give you my word. It'll be ready tomorrow.
6	3.1	Reminding	A: I have to go to work. Have a nice day. Bye.^ B: Remember to buy some milk on your way back.^ A: No problem. I'll do that.^ B: And don't forget to buy some cat food.^ A: Don't worry. I won't.
6	3.1		A: Did you remember to call Jane?^ B: Oh, I totally forgot to! I'm sorry.^ A: Well, remember to call her as soon as possible.^ B: I'll do it in a minute.
6	3.1		A: Our assignment is due tomorrow. Have you finished it yet?^ B: My goodness! I forgot all about it.^ A: It slipped my mind, too. But Jenny reminded me.^ B: Thanks for reminding me. I will start it right now.
6	3.1		A: This is really a busy road, and the cars all look fabulous.^ B: Look out! There is a car coming.^ A: Thanks. Look at that car. Is it a BMW sports car?^ B: Watch your step! Make sure you don't get distracted by cars when you are crossing the streets.^ A: Thanks for reminding me. I'll concentrate.
6	3.2	Summarize a Passage: Oil's Problems	Since oil first started being used to generate a mass amount of energy, its problems have been obvious to people. And in recent years, oil's problems have been increasingly troublesome. At this point, it's clear that we need to be developing other methods for generating energy.^ One major problem is that oil is very dirty. Oil burning leads to the release of gases that pollute the environment. Problems resulting from this include global warming and health concerns for people. Oil drilling also causes environmental problems, as oil coming up to the surface of the ground spills into the surrounding land.^ A second major problem is that oil transportation is dangerous to wildlife. Oil spills, possible when we transport oil by ship, are extremely deadly to marine life.^ And a third major problem is that oil is limited. Since oil takes millions of years to form, and since we are using a lot of it, we will eventually run out. When that day comes, the world will be in real trouble. Thus, it's better to develop new methods for generating energy now.	u06_2.5.mp3		The speaker believes that oil has three major problems.^Oil has certain drawbacks that should make us consider different energy sources.
6	3.3	Earthquake Weapons?	Earthquakes are destructive forces that can kill thousands and destroy entire cities. In modern times, one of the most disastrous earthquakes occurred in China in 1976, when more than 250,000 people were killed in the city of Tangshan. Other terrible earthquakes have happened around the world, along fault lines when pressure under the earth's crust was finally released. Some people have considered developing weapons that could make earthquakes happen inside an enemy country. If such weapons were really possible, a country could simply push a button and make an earthquake happen under the feet of an enemy population. Bombs and armies would no longer be necessary.	u06_3.3.mp3	What do you think of an earthquake weapon? Should this country develop such a weapon?	We should all be clear on the impact of earthquakes. Earthquakes are terrible forces of nature that cause an astounding number of deaths. Tangshan is just one example of a city destroyed by an earthquake. There are many others. It is unthinkable that some people would consider using earthquakes as weapons. The world is already troubled enough by the weapons we have. Nuclear weapons, biological weapons, all weapons of war are threatening people's peaceful life. Instead of developing a weapon that would cause earthquakes, we should be looking at ways how we can bring peace to the world. With peace, we would have greater prosperity. Then perhaps we could work together to find a way to stop earthquakes from happening at all.
6	4.1	Natural Disasters	Hi, my name's Farban. I'm from Germany. I want to talk about natural disasters and how we can prevent them from happening or how we can take care of them. In Germany, of course we also have natural disasters. Maybe, not that devastating, like in some other parts of the world. We don't have hurricanes or we don't have any kind of tsunamis. But of course we have flooding, for example, from the um rivers and it's also very dangerous. We have to think about ways, how we can deal with situations like this. Of course terrorism is also a threat to Germany. Well, but I think, for disasters, that is the nature of a disaster -- you cannot be fully prepared. When it happens, you have to deal with the situation. And you really have to have a government that knows what to do. But it's a big challenge. And, well, it needs the help of all of the society. Maybe, I'm not personally affected by a disaster, but I can help. I can send some money. I can go to the place where the disaster happens and really give a hand. I think this is important when you want to cope with disasters.^ Hi, my name is Steve. I come from England. Disasters take many forms. Usually, people differentiate natural disasters from man-made disasters. In England, we're lucky not to have too many natural disasters. There are sometimes floods, uh, an epidemic, but we don't have typhoons or earthquakes. Man-made disasters have happened in England: plane crashes, terrorism, and war. Often, these are unavoidable, but the government takes measures to reduce the risks, such as increasing security, using CCTV cameras, and profiling people.^ Hi, my name is Betsy and I'm from Hong Kong. Today, I'm going to talk to you about how Hong Kong fought SARS a couple of years ago. Um, back then when SARS started happening, of course people were very afraid, and panicked and didn't know what to do. But I think the best way to um fight the uh epidemic is to first um gather enough information so you are very well informed about the disease. And then you're able to protect yourself according to this knowledge you have. So, back then when SARS was happening in Hong Kong, you see a lot of people um every day going to work on the subway wearing facial masks to protect themselves and also protect others. And I think it's a really good way to show how we can deal with um catastrophes or epidemics in modern society.^ Hello, my name is Terry. I'm from the United States, the state of Indiana specifically, and I'd like to talk about defending ourselves against disaster. I want to focus on natural disasters and for an example, the hurricane Katrina, which devastated New Orleans and many other small coastal cities along the southeastern United States. Two people are... two... two sections are responsible for this: the government of course but also the individual. Uh one, New Orleans in case you didn't know, is below sea level, which I think is a silly place to live. It's like living at the... the foot of a volcano. Um, so but if you're going to live in this area, you have to be prepared for these things. This falls on the responsibility of our government, which of course we pay tax money for them to take care of these things. But also the people, because the people knew they were cutting the budget to protect them from these natural disasters and they did nothing or very little to change it.							Farban.jpg^Steve.jpg^Betsy.jpg^Terry.jpg
6	4.2				Farban: Hurricanes and floods are the major natural disasters that Germany faces. Steve: Earthquakes and floods are the major natural disasters in England. Betsy: The best way to fight against an epidemic is to first learn about it and then protect yourself according to the knowledge. Terry: The government and the individual are both responsible in dealing with natural disasters.	F F T T				Farban1.jpg^Steve1.jpg^Betsy1.jpg^Terry1.jpg
6	4.3
6	5.1	Should We Join the Environmental Movement?	W: What's keeping you from joining the environmental movement?^ M: You're gonna start bothering me about that again? Didn't Mom and Dad tell you to leave me alone about this talk?^ W: We're grown people. Mom and Dad can't order me to do anything I don't want to do.^ M: Or stop doing something, either, right? But really, I don't want to be bothered with environmental movements.^ W: Why not?^ M: I don't have the time.^ W: You're kidding, right? You played computer games all day yesterday. You have time.^ M: Well, I don't think it's important.^ W: What? Rising pollution, growing deserts, warming temperatures, shrinking forests... they aren't important? Hey now, all of these problems are going to lead to the end of human beings on this planet. Not just trouble. But end. Nothing. Zero.^ M: Stop being boring!^ W: I'm not being boring! I'm telling you the facts about the condition of the world!^ M: OK, OK, OK... Think of it from my perspective. If the world is going to end for people, time is even more precious, right?^ W: Yeah...^ M: So I don't want to waste my time by joining an environmental movement or by talking about boring things with you.^ W: I'm going to tell Mom you said that.^ M: Mom isn't the boss of me.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.^ 1. What are the speakers talking about?^ 2. What is the relationship between the two speakers?^ 3. How does the woman feel about her parents?^ 4. What did the man do yesterday?^ 5. What can be inferred from the conversation?	u06_5.1.mp3		Q1: What are the speakers talking about? Ans: A Q2: What is the relationship between the two speakers? Ans: B Q3: How does the woman feel about her parents? Ans: C Q4: What did the man do yesterday? Ans: D Q5: What can be inferred from the conversation? Ans: A
6	5.2	African People Are Starving	Heart-breaking stories of hunger are starting to flow out of the West African nation of Niger. Though the problem for Niger is great, the broader fact is that the country's 2.9 million hungry people are just a fraction of Africa's 31.1 million people without food. Despite progress in boosting democracy, ending wars, and furthering economic growth, Africa is the only region in the world becoming less and less able to feed itself. Reasons include the relentless spread of desert, high population growth, bad governance, and the world community's flawed hunger-response system.^ Things are moving in the wrong direction. If we look at Africa as a whole, all the projections are that poverty and hunger are going to get worse.^ In 1970, Africa had 10 million starving children. By 1997 there were 18 million. The global trend, meanwhile, moved in the opposite direction: 203 million hungry children in 1970 down to 166 million in 1997.^ Aid is now flowing in. Last Thursday and Friday, 306 tons of beans and oil were delivered. On Friday, 28 tons of high-energy biscuits were flown in from Italy. On Saturday, a French aid organization sent 20 tons of milk and food. The UN now says it will double the number of people it plans to feed, to 2.5 million.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.^ 1. What is the speaker talking about?^ 2. How many people lack food in Africa today?^ 3. What is one reason for food shortages in Africa?^ 4. What is a trend the speaker mentions?^ 5. What does the UN intend to do?	u06_5.2.mp3		Q1: What is the speaker talking about? Ans: A Q2: How many people lack food in Africa today? Ans: A Q3: What is one reason for food shortages in Africa? Ans: B Q4: What is a trend the speaker mentions? Ans: D Q5: What does the UN intend to do? Ans: A
6	5.3	Don't Be Afraid of Earthquakes	Some parts of the earth are more likely to have quakes than others. This is usually true of mountainous areas, because there the thickness of rocks, which make up the earth's crust, is not even.^ It is easy to understand why people are so frightened by earthquakes. People used to think that when there was an earthquake, the ground opened, swallowed great numbers of people, and then closed. Those who were killed disappeared forever, people thought. Now we know this does not happen.^ What we need to fear most are the after-effects of a serious earthquake: fires, floods, and landslides. But if we're careful, we don't really need to be afraid of the danger. Since the Yellowstone earthquake, some people have said that they would never revisit that area. They said they were afraid of being caught in a landslide occurring after the earthquake. This is actually a foolish idea. Such a fear would keep us away from mountains the rest of our lives. Even though earthquakes happen every day, something like the Yellowstone earthquake does not happen very often. We can realize gratefully that few of us will suffer because of such a disaster. At the same time we can understand the need of being ready to help those who do suffer such trouble.	u06_5.3.mp3		1) thickness 2) frightened 3) swallowed 4) disappeared 5) floods 6) revisit 7) landslide 8) keep us away from mountains the rest of our lives 9) something like the Yellowstone earthquake does not happen very often 10) few of us will suffer because of such a disaster
6	5.4	Imitate the Speaker	This catastrophe has brought the world closer together in a spirit of common humanity. It has been a brutal reminder of the force of nature but also of the inspiring capacity of mankind to ease the suffering of others in their hour of need. Australia, in its distinctive practical way, will remain in the forefront of helping those who have lost and suffered so much.^^ From the "Address to the Nation on Asian Tsunami Disaster" by John Howard, former Australian Prime Minister	u06_5.4.mp3
7	1.1	Try the Impossible	W: I'll take one more question. OK, the gentleman in the blue shirt.^ M: Thank you very much. You've accomplished a lot, developing new technologies, starting your own business, and giving money to charity.^ W: Thanks, but that's not a question.^ M: No, it's not. I was just getting to that. Could you tell me how you managed to do so much?^ W: OK. For one thing, I always stay focused on what I'm doing. I don't get distracted easily.^ M: And another thing?^ W: I stick to essential values. I think I'd put honesty at the top of my list. Kindness is also important.^ M: One more, if you have time.^ W: I try the impossible. And I recommend this to everyone -- listen to what others say. When other people say that something is impossible, try it anyway. If you succeed, people will take notice.	u07_1.mp3	1. The woman's great accomplishments include developing technology, starting a business, and ____________________ . 2. One of the reasons the woman has been great is that she always keeps her mind on ____________________ . 3. The woman's essential values include ____________________ . 4. The woman likes to try ____________________ . 5. When a person accomplishes the impossible, people will ____________________ .					giving money to charity^what she's doing^honesty and kindness^the impossible^take notice
7	1.2	Try the Impossible	W: I'll take one more question. OK, the gentleman in the blue shirt.^ M: Thank you very much. You've accomplished a lot, developing new technologies, starting your own business, and giving money to charity.^ W: Thanks, but that's not a question.^ M: No, it's not. I was just getting to that. Could you tell me how you managed to do so much?^ W: OK. For one thing, I always stay focused on what I'm doing. I don't get distracted easily.^ M: And another thing?^ W: I stick to essential values. I think I'd put honesty at the top of my list. Kindness is also important.^ M: One more, if you have time.^ W: I try the impossible. And I recommend this to everyone -- listen to what others say. When other people say that something is impossible, try it anyway. If you succeed, people will take notice.	u07_1.mp3	What's your definition of greatness? Do you agree that some of the greatest people are not in the history book? Could you find greatness in your everyday life? Give examples.
7	2.1	Great People	M: What are you doing with two computers on your desk? You can't possibly be using both.^ W: Sure I can. It's something I learned from reading about Bill Gates. And I've found that I can increase my productivity like this.^ Q: Why does the woman use two computers?	u07_2.1_1.mp3		A) Because she wants to become Bill Gates.	B) Because she wants to see if she can use both.	C) Because she wants to be more productive.	D) Because she wants to read about Bill Gates.	C
7	2.1		W: What? Late again? You know, you'll never become a great person, like Bill Gates, if you don't learn to be punctual!^ M: Well, maybe I don't want to be great. In fact, I think I'm OK with the way I am.^ Q: How does the man feel?	u07_2.1_2.mp3		A) Greatness isn't necessary.	B) Bill Gates isn't great.	C) He is greater than Bill Gates.	D) Great people are punctual.	A
7	2.1		M: When I met Michael Jordan, I could feel his energy. He was so positive and energetic.^ W: That's what people always say about him. I've tried to duplicate those exact qualities in my life. And, you know what? I've gotten a better job because of it.^ Q: What do people always say about Michael Jordan?	u07_2.1_3.mp3		A) He has a better job than other people.	B) He admires other people's energy.	C) He has a positive personality.	D) He can get a person a better job.	C
7	2.1		M: Some great men, like Martin Luther King, Jr., distinguish themselves by standing up for what's right and never giving in.^ W: You're exactly right about great men and about King. He was a real hero.^ Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?	u07_2.1_4.mp3		A) Both speakers think great men stand up for what's right.	B) Both speakers admire Martin Luther King, Jr.	C) Both speakers behave like Martin Luther King Jr.	D) Both speakers think heroes are always right.	B
7	2.1		M: Martin Luther King, Jr. is often credited for having been a great speaker, but I think he was also a great writer. Don't you think so?^ W: Sure. I've read his book Letters from a Birmingham Jail. It's impressive. ^ Q: Why does the woman mention Letters from a Birmingham Jail?	u07_2.1_5.mp3		A) To point out that Martin Luther King, Jr. went to jail.	B) To point out that Martin Luther King, Jr. was a great speaker.	C) To point out that Martin Luther King, Jr. got credit for speaking.	D) To point out that Martin Luther King, Jr. was an excellent author.	D
7	2.1		W: When accepting the Nobel Peace Prize, King said he didn't want to embarrass white people, only to gain freedom for his own people.^ M: That's very kind. And I think all truly great people have had similar spirits.^ Q: According to the man, what is common to truly great people?	u07_2.1_6.mp3		A) Kindness.	B) Spirit.	C) Freedom.	D) Embarrassment.	A
7	2.1		M: Not all great people are famous -- take Jack Kilby as an example.^ W: Right. Kilby invented the microchip, and received the Nobel Prize. But only a small part of the public knows of him. It's very surprising.^ Q: What is very surprising?	u07_2.1_7.mp3		A) Kilby invented the microchip.	B) Kilby is not well known.	C) Kilby won the Nobel Prize.	D) Kilby is well known by the public.	B
7	2.1		W: What's the greatest invention of the last few hundred years?^ M: Let's see, the light bulb, the car, the phone? No, I think it's the microchip. Whoever invented that changed the world more than anyone else.^ Q: According to the man, which invention changed the world the most?	u07_2.1_8.mp3		A) The light bulb.	B) The microchip.	C) The telephone.	D) The car.	B
7	2.1		M: You've been sitting there at your desk all day. Don't you think you should go outside with the other students for a while?^ W: Nah. If I leave this room, even to go home, I might not accomplish my dreams.^ Q: Where is the conversation taking place?	u07_2.1_9.mp3		A) In a classroom.	B) In the woman's home.	C) In a dream.	D) In an office.	A
7	2.1		W: Our daughter is going to be the next Martin Luther King, Jr. I'm sure of it!^ M: Well, I'm not so sure. But she does spend a lot of time fighting for the rights of others. And that's enough to make a parent proud.^ Q: What is the relationship between the two speakers?	u07_2.1_10.mp3		A) Brother and sister.	B) Father and daughter.	C) Husband and wife.	D) Mother and son.	C
7	2.2	Learn from a Great Person	M: I've been thinking about a hero to model my life upon.^ W: What's this?^ M: Well, you see, my teacher asked everyone to write a report on a great person. In the report, we have to go into what made the person great and how we're going to learn from that person.^ W: I see. Why don't you choose your dad?^ M: No. Come on, Ma. My subject must be a great person in history, you know, someone like Martin Luther King, Jr. or Abraham Lincoln.^ W: Ah. OK, then why not Martin Luther King, Jr.? He shaped the American civil rights movement of the 1950s and '60s. In 1963, he organized a march on Washington, D.C. that drew 200,000 people demanding equal rights for minorities. When he won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964, he became the youngest recipient ever. I remember watching him on TV and admiring him then. That was years before I gave birth to you and your sister.^ M: King would make a good subject. And I can say that I'm going to model myself on him by being brave, like he was when he went to prison for his beliefs.	u07_2.2.mp3	1. What did the teacher ask the man to do?	A) To write a paper.	B) To give a speech.	C) To talk to his dad.	D) To organize a march.	A
7	2.2				2. What is the relationship between the speakers?	A) Teacher and student.	B) Mother and son.	C) Brother and sister.	D) Father and daughter.	B
7	2.2				3. What can be inferred from the conversation?	A) The man's teacher told him to write about King.	B) The man's father isn't a great man of history.	C) The woman models herself on King.	D) The woman participated in the civil rights movement.	B
7	2.2				4. When did King organize a march on Washington D.C.?	A) In 1950.	B) In 1964.	C) In 1963.	D) In 1960.	C
7	2.2				5. Which of King's qualities will the man try to develop in himself?	A) King's peacefulness.	B) King's admiration.	C) King's belief.	D) King's courage.	D
7	2.3	Bill Gates	Bill Gates, the head of the software company Microsoft, is one of the world's wealthiest men. Gates and Paul Allen founded Microsoft in the 1970s, but Allen left the company in 1983. Gates oversaw the invention and marketing of the MS-DOS operating system, the Windows operating system, the Internet browser Explorer, and a number of other popular computer products. Along the way he gained a reputation for fierce competitiveness and aggressive business methods. During the 1990s rising Microsoft stock prices made Gates the world's richest man; his wealth has at times exceeded $75 billion, making Gates a popular symbol of the powerful computer geeks of the late 20th century. In June of 2006, Gates announced that he would quit in the day-to-day involvement in Microsoft by July of 2008. He said he would remain chairman of the Microsoft board while focusing on his charitable foundation, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.	u07_2.3.mp3	1. What is the speaker talking about?	A) Bill Gates.	B) Paul Allen.	C) Microsoft.	D) The Gates Foundation.	A
7	2.3				2. When did Paul Allen leave Microsoft?	A) In 1983.	B) In 1970.	C) In 1990.	D) In 2006.	A
7	2.3				3. What part did Gates play in such products as MS-DOS?	A) He invented them.	B) He marketed them.	C) He produced them.	D) He supervised them.	D
7	2.3				4. What made Gates the world's richest man?	A) Aggressive business methods.	B) Popular computer products.	C) The growing price of company stock.	D) Fierce competitiveness.	C
7	2.3				5. What happened in 2006?	A) Gates stopped working on a day-to-day basis.	B) Gates announced that he would shift his career focus.	C) Gates' wealth amounted to $75 billion.	D) Gates started the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.	B
7	2.4	Microsoft's Music Business	M1: Back now with The Day to Day. The world's richest man, the founder of Microsoft, plans to gradually step away from his company's everyday operations. The man, of course, Bill Gates. Microsoft's next major goal is to try to go after the online music business. Apple and its popular iPod and iTunes are now the dominant forces there. Joining us to talk about Microsoft's future is John Dimsdale from Marketplace. John, what about Microsoft's music hopes?^ M2: Well, they've been going after online music customers in sort of a haphazard way for several years now. They partnered with other companies, but like you say, Apple continues to control more than 60% of the online music business. Now Reuters reports Microsoft's been negotiating licenses for songs, which would be a prelude to setting up a Microsoft-run online music service. The company also reportedly has a prototype of the, of the handheld device that's similar to an iPod. Now there is no telling when all of this will be launched, but anytime a company with pockets as deep as Microsoft decides to get into this business, Apple has to take notice.^ M1: Yeah, they can call up Netscape if they would like to learn more. Er, Bill Gates says he wants to spend more time on his philanthropic work now. How's that going to affect Microsoft?^ M2: Well, overall, Microsoft's had its troubles late with its update for the Windows Operating System, they can't seem to compete with Google and some people say that the company has taken its eye off the ball in part because of Bill Gates' success. He's a superstar in the business world, like you said, the richest man; he does lots of work for charities, which could mean that he hasn't had the focus to keep the company on the cutting edge of technologies. Industry analyst, Rob Anderly, says Microsoft's music service could benefit from Gates' leaving.^ M3: It's one of those efforts that has been under-funded till now. Er, they just haven't put the emphasis behind it that they needed to compete with a marketing and design powerhouse that Apple represents. That's been very disappointing to Microsoft partners and this is one of the things they may actually get fixed by Bill's departure that may in fact now get the funding and focus it needs to really run against Apple and run against Apple hard.	u07_2.4.mp3	What is the name of this radio program?^According to the program, what is Microsoft's next major goal?^What company is the biggest player in online music business?^As a prelude to setting up its own online music service, what has Microsoft been doing?^According to Rob Anderly, an industry analyst, will Bill Gates' leaving benefit Microsoft's music service or harm it?	0^0^0^0^0				The Day to Day.^To try to go after the online music business.^Apple.^It has been negotiating licenses for songs.^Gates' leaving will benefit it.
7	2.5	Qualities of Great People	Greatness... all people want to achieve it, but few people have the qualities that can make it happen. Here, I would like to list for you some of the qualities that make people great.^ To start off, I'd like to tell you about courage. Brave people, like Martin Luther King, Jr. and Mohandas Gandhi, faced threats and violence. Both men were killed as a result of the struggles they undertook. They knew that they could be killed, but this didn't concern them very much. They didn't back down. And neither do great people today.^ Next, there's commitment. Great people are serious about their work. They focus on it, and they don't allow themselves to become distracted. TV shows, parties, leisure gatherings, nothing distracts great people when they are working.^ And finally, vision. They foresee important needs, for example, the need for communication over long distances. And they meet that need by inventing technologies, such as the phone and the Internet.	u07_2.5.mp3	1^1^1	0^0^0		Qualities of great people		They have courage.^They have commitment.^They have vision.
7	2.6	Don't You Forget About Me	Hey, hey, hey, hey^ Ohhh...^^ Won't you come see about me?^ I'll be alone, dancing you know it baby^^ Tell me your troubles and doubts^ Giving me everything inside and out and^ Love's strange so real in the dark^ Think of the tender things that we were working on^^ Slow change may pull us apart^ When the light gets into your heart, baby^^ Don't You Forget About Me^ Don't Don't Don't Don't^ Don't You Forget About Me^^ Will you stand above me?^ Look my way, never love me^ Rain keeps falling, rain keeps falling^ Down, down, down^^ Will you recognize me?^ Call my name or walk on by^ Rain keeps falling, rain keeps falling^ Down, down, down, down^^ Hey, hey, hey, hey^ Ohhh...^^ Don't you try and pretend^ It's my feeling we'll win in the end^ I won't harm you or touch your defenses^ Vanity and security^^ Don't you forget about me^ I'll be alone, dancing you know it baby^ Going to take you apart^ I'll put us back together at heart, baby^^ Don't You Forget About Me^ Don't Don't Don't Don't^ Don't You Forget About Me^^ As you walk on by^ Will you call my name?^ As you walk on by^ Will you call my name?^ When you walk away^^ Or will you walk away?^ Will you walk on by?^ Come on -- call my name^ Will you call my name?^^ I say: La la la...	u07_2.6.mp3
7	3.1	Surprise	A: Can you believe John got an A on his chemistry final?^ B: You must be kidding! For the whole semester, he has just fooled around and never studied.^ A: I am serious. He did get an A.^ B: It is incredible.
7	3.1		A: What do you think of New York?^ B: I must say I am surprised at the convenience of the public transportation here.^ A: Isn't it amazing? You can easily go anywhere in the city by subway and bus.^ B: It does surprise me. I had thought New Yorkers would prefer driving to riding the subway.
7	3.1		A: There will be a typhoon next week.^ B: Are you kidding? We just had one last week.^ A: Well, that is what the weather forecast said.^ B: How nasty! Then we are having two typhoons in a row.
7	3.1	Interest	A: Are you interested in music?^ B: Yes, I am. In fact, I am a fan of classical music.^ A: Which composer do you like best?^ B: Mozart and Chopin. Their works fascinate me.
7	3.1		A: Do you go in for football?^ B: I must say football isn't for me.^ A: Really? This is the first time I have heard a British young man say he does not like football.^ B: I agree I am not a typical Brit. Sports just do not attract me.
7	3.1		A: Do you like sci-fi movies?^ B: Yes, I do. Sci-fi novels and movies attract me a lot.^ A: I am thinking of going to a sci-fi movie shown in the theatre this week. Do you care to join me?^ B: Sounds interesting. Let me think about it.^ A: It would be great if you can come. Give me a call once you decide.
7	3.1	Emphasis	A: How on earth did you manage to write a 30-page term paper in three days? It took me two weeks to write mine.^ B: I worked around the clock.^ A: My goodness! I could never do that. Sitting before the computer even for three hours is a torture for me.^ B: I had no choice. I take five courses this semester. Exams and term papers are driving me crazy.^ A: Why didn't you ask for an extension?^ B: I wish I could. But the professor is very strict, and he never gives students extensions.
7	3.1		A: What exactly are you looking for?^ B: I am looking for a collection of 19th century European paintings.^ A: Is it the book on your left? I mean the one with a yellow cover.^ B: Let me see. Yeah, this is the very book I want. Thanks a lot.
7	3.1		A: Excuse me, sir. Do you know whether there is a post office nearby?^ B: Yes, there is one just 10 minutes' walk from the campus.^ A: How can I get there?^ B: Once you go out of the school gate, walk straight ahead. Make a left turn at the first traffic light. The post office is right on the corner, next to the McDonald's.^ A: Thank you so much.^ B: You are very welcome.
7	3.2	Summarize a Passage: Qualities of Great People	Greatness... all people want to achieve it, but few people have the qualities that can make it happen. Here, I would like to list for you some of the qualities that make people great.^ To start off, I'd like to tell you about courage. Brave people, like Martin Luther King, Jr. and Mohandas Gandhi, faced threats and violence. Both men were killed as a result of the struggles they undertook. They knew that they could be killed, but this didn't concern them very much. They didn't back down. And neither do great people today.^ Next, there's commitment. Great people are serious about their work. They focus on it, and they don't allow themselves to become distracted. TV shows, parties, leisure gatherings, nothing distracts great people when they are working.^ And finally, vision. They foresee important needs, for example, the need for communication over long distances. And they meet that need by inventing technologies, such as the phone and the Internet.	u07_2.5.mp3		The speaker believes that great people have three major qualities.^Great people have three qualities that distinguish themselves.
7	3.3	University Drop-Out	The story of Bill Gates is known the world over. As the child of a lawyer and a schoolteacher, young Bill didn't have to worry much about money. He was free to pursue other interests. When he was 13 years old, he created his first computer program. Before graduating from high school, Bill had started two computer companies. His experience with computers and with business had grown and grown. Following this success and his graduation from high school, Bill entered Harvard University, one of the top universities in the world, with a plan to become a lawyer. As most of you know by now, Bill Gates dropped out of school. Later, he became the world's richest man.	u07_3.3.mp3	Does Bill Gates' success prove that a university education is unnecessary? Would you ever consider following his example and dropping out of school?	Bill Gates' story of success is thought-provoking. Here, we are asked to decide whether he proved a university education is unnecessary and whether we should drop out of school too. As to the first question, I don't think Bill Gates proved that a university education is unnecessary for everyone. It's clear that a university education does benefit many people, as it teaches them what they need to know to get a job and have a happy life. Bill Gates is a special case. He gained the skills he needed for success before attending Harvard. However, most people, including myself, aren't ready for success coming out of high school. I still need to learn quite a few things. This is why I shouldn't drop out of my university.
7	4.1	Greatness in Different Cultures	Hi, my name is Ayumi and I'm from Japan. I've recently studied in the United States. The topic I will be talking about is greatness. In Japan, we have so many famous actors, so many famous athletes, and so many famous writers that it's hard to pick just one great person. For each of those people it is easy to understand why they'd be considered great. They've all achieved something in their field of work. But, I think, in your everyday life it's easy to find greatness as well. It could be your elementary school teacher that taught you how to read or a college professor who helped you determine your career in life. For me, it's my parents, who have taught me everything I know and have helped me to become the person I am today, and I hope one day to be as great as them. 'Cause they really have taught me everything I know and have provided a huge amount of source of enthusiasm and motivation for me and all my family members. Thank you.^ Hi there. My name is Ted and I am from America, from the state of Indiana, actually. Now today I'm going to talk a little bit about great Americans, great leaders, great people in our history. Of course, we can't go without saying George Washington, father of America. Abraham Lincoln, FDR -- Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the president during the great depression, during World War Two, Kennedy, some of these names, Martin Luther King, Jr. These are all great names, great figures, great people in American history. But to be honest, I think some of the greatest people in American history aren't in the history book. They're the unsung heroes. The people who work every day, start companies, raise families. I think great Americans are people in my family, people in other American families too. These are the people who are not mentioned in the history book, or history books, but who have done so much for our country. So I think the greatest Americans are the ones that we really don't know their names, the unsung heroes.^ Hello, my name is Andrew and I come from Canada. Today we're talking about greatness. What it means to be great from different cultural perspectives. Now coming from Canada, I have a little bit different perspective I think than some other countries would. In Canada we place a lot of emphasis on negotiation and, uh, harmony when dealing with people. A lot of countries wouldn't do that. A lot of countries would put more emphasis on kind of combative relationships. Whereas we would be more negotiating in our approach to things. For example, uh, one of the greatest people in our, uh, culture would be Pierre Trudeau. Now what he was known as great for was kind of bridging the gap between the English and the French people within our country. There were times when the English and the French people would, uh, have disagreements about certain things and what he did is he bridged the gap, he made these two people, two kinds of people get along better and because of that we consider him great.^ Hi. This is Kim, again, and today I would like to talk about greatness. Now I was raised as a child in Korea, so a lot of the great stories that I've heard about, you know, great people in history were about self sacrifice or what has this particular person achieved that has changed history. But it's all about what this person has done or the sacrifices he's made. Now after, uh, when I got older, and moved to the west, I started realizing that there was more of a focus about the greatness within everybody. Now, I would like to think that that would be a more positive message to pass on, especially to you know kids who are growing up is to find the greatness within yourself. But obviously, you know, self sacrifice is also something that should be, you know, applauded. So I think there's, there's, you know, I think we all, we could all possibly do something great within ourselves by observing and, and studying the great things that historical figure has done. Thank you.							Ayumi.jpg^Ted02.jpg^Andrew.jpg^Kim.jpg
7	4.2				Great people are actually not to be found in history books. They are in our daily life. Great people are great for the self sacrifice they made. Greatness is not found only in people who have achieved a lot in their field of work. It can also be found in everyday life. Pierre Trudeau was a great man because he bridged the gap between the English and the French people within one country.	3^1^4^2				Ayumi1.jpg^Ted021.jpg^Andrew1.jpg^Kim1.jpg
7	4.3
7	5.1	What Is History?	W: What is history?^ M: Can I answer?^ W: Well, sure. I didn't expect anyone in the class to have an answer. But, OK, what do you think?^ M: History is the biography of great men.^ W: Do you know who said that?^ M: Yeah. Thomas Carlyle in the 18th century.^ W: 19th century.^ M: Oh, yeah. That's right. And if we look at history we can see his point. In the 20th century, history was people like Bill Gates. In the 16th and 17th centuries it was Shakespeare. These men defined their eras and their stories are what history is all about.^ W: That's a very good answer. But, you should also know that Carlyle's ideas about history are no longer in fashion. Historians take a different approach to history nowadays.^ M: Really? How do they do that?^ W: They think of history as the development of larger societies.^ M: Not of individuals?^ W: Partly of individuals, but mostly of groups. What tools are people using? What thoughts do people have? These are questions that historians typically have today.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.^ 1. What are the speakers talking about?^ 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?^ 3. When did Thomas Carlyle live?^ 4. What was Carlyle's idea?^ 5. How does the approach of today's historians differ from that of Carlyle?	u07_5.1.mp3		Q1: What are the speakers talking about? Ans: D Q2: What is the probable relationship between the speakers? Ans: C Q3: When did Thomas Carlyle live? Ans: D Q4: What was Carlyle's idea? Ans: D Q5: How does the approach of today's historians differ from that of Carlyle? Ans: A
7	5.2	Change	Change is a word that can bring either fear or excitement. It is human nature to oppose change because it requires us to cross into the unknown. As a result, most people fight harder to keep from losing something they are familiar with than in seeking potential benefits from something new.^ The workplace now is not just changing, but it is changing at an even faster pace. Technology is the thrust behind the appearance of the new economy. It is opening up new opportunities for business to operate more efficiently and competitively.^ Workers of all backgrounds should pay attention to the changes taking place throughout the economy. Communication skills, leadership abilities and an ability to work within a team will decide a person's value and ability to succeed in the new economy. People will be called upon to take ownership of their work. This requires new and mature thinking on the part of employees.^ The sooner we embrace the changing economy, the bigger the jump we can make.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.^ 1. What is the speaker talking about?^ 2. What does human nature encourage?^ 3. What is a feature of present-day business that was absent in the past?^ 4. What will help decide a person's value at the workplace?^ 5. What will a person need to take ownership of their work?	u07_5.2.mp3		Q1: What is the speaker talking about? Ans: D Q2: What does human nature encourage? Ans: C Q3: What is a feature of present-day business that was absent in the past? Ans: B Q4: What will help decide a person's value at the workplace? Ans: C Q5: What will a person need to take ownership of their work? Ans: A
7	5.3	Change and Tradition	Change -- or the ability to adapt oneself to a changing environment -- is essential to development and progress. The farmer whose land is required for housing or industry must adapt himself. He can move to another place. Or, he can change his occupation, perhaps after a period of training. Another option is he can starve to death. However, the first two options are preferable.^ However, many farmers do starve when faced with these three options. And we can blame tradition. Because of tradition, they do not move or take up new occupations. Tradition ties them to their old land. And tradition keeps them at their old job.^ For farmers, tradition can be a force for good or for evil. Tradition can give people a sense of pride and personal meaning. But if we admire tradition more than we should, it becomes an obstacle lying across the path of change and progress. If we insist on trying to plot the future by the past, we clearly stop ourselves from moving forward and invite failure. The best course is to accept the help which tradition can bring. We must also be aware of tradition's limitations in a changing world.	u07_5.3.mp3		1) industry 2) option 3) preferable 4) starve 5) blame 6) occupations 7) force 8) But if we admire tradition more than we should 9) insist on trying to plot the future by the past 10) to accept the help which tradition can bring
7	5.4	Imitate the Speaker	Now the trumpet summons us again -- not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need; not as a call to battle, though embattled we are -- but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, "rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation" -- a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself.^ And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you -- ask what you can do for your country.^^ From the "Presidential Inaugural Address" by John Kennedy	u07_5.4.mp3
8	1.1	Human or Product	I sat back as scientists discussed the possibilities of cloning. Then I listened impassively as scientists actually cloned animals. When Dolly, the first cloned mammal was born, I did nothing other than witness the scene unfold. With this, human cloning became more than a possibility. It became a likelihood. And scientists began taking further steps in that direction, even collecting and experimenting with human eggs.^ Now, on the eve of this monumental step in science, I cannot be passive anymore. Scientists should not, must not, continue down this road! The implications and results of cloning people are just too terrible! Experimenting with human beings will involve great pain to the subjects. In addition to this, cloning will reduce the unique quality of human life. That is, when science can manufacture people, human life becomes a product, not the miracle as it is today.	u08_1.mp3	How did the speaker react to the birth of Dolly, the first cloned mammal?^How does the speaker feel now when scientists are attempting human cloning?^How do you feel about human cloning? Why?	0^0^0				He did nothing other than witness the scene unfold.^He feels scientists should not, must not, continue down this road (of human cloning).^I feel positive about human cloning because it can lengthen people's lives, help to grow replacement organs, and reduce the number of genetic birth defects. / I feel negative about human cloning because it can reduce our value for human life, cost huge amounts of money, and pose many legal questions that we aren't ready for.
8	1.2		I sat back as scientists discussed the possibilities of cloning. Then I listened impassively as scientists actually cloned animals. When Dolly, the first cloned mammal was born, I did nothing other than witness the scene unfold. With this, human cloning became more than a possibility. It became a likelihood. And scientists began taking further steps in that direction, even collecting and experimenting with human eggs.^ Now, on the eve of this monumental step in science, I cannot be passive anymore. Scientists should not, must not, continue down this road! The implications and results of cloning people are just too terrible! Experimenting with human beings will involve great pain to the subjects. In addition to this, cloning will reduce the unique quality of human life. That is, when science can manufacture people, human life becomes a product, not the miracle as it is today.	u08_1.mp3	When did you first hear of cloning and what was your reaction to it? Are you for or against cloning? Give your reasons.
8	2.1	Troubling over Genetic Doubling	M: I was thinking that if there's an advancement in cloning, I'd be able to clone my grandmother. She passed away recently and I really miss her.^ W: I don't think I like the sound of that. Once a person dies, we should not mess around with his or her DNA.^ Q: What is the woman talking about?	u08_2.1_1.mp3		A) How the man's grandmother passed away.	B) How she feels about genetic cloning.	C) How they can help to advance cloning technology.	D) How they can learn more about DNA.	B
8	2.1		W: I don't get it about cloning. I mean, why would anyone want to clone a human being?^ M: I think I'd want to do it for my children if they were to die. And I'm guessing that lots of other parents feel the same way.^ Q: According to the man, how do many parents feel?	u08_2.1_2.mp3		A) They would want to be cloned.	B) They would want their children to be the same.	C) They would want a clone to help their children.	D) They would want a clone to replace a dead child.	D
8	2.1		M: Imagine a world of perfect people. That's what's possible with cloning.^ W: You've got to be kidding! ^ Q: What can be learned from the conversation?	u08_2.1_3.mp3		A) The man thinks the world is full of perfect people.	B) The man never stops kidding other people.	C) The woman doesn't think cloning can make people perfect.	D) The woman hopes cloning can make people perfect.	C
8	2.1		M: I read a book about a man who was replaced by his clone. It was really frightening, and it made me think twice about cloning.^ W: Stories like the one you read are just science fiction. Such things wouldn't happen.^ Q: What does the woman think?	u08_2.1_4.mp3		A) Clones won't replace people.	B) Cloning will happen someday.	C) Books can make one think twice.	D) Science fiction tells things that will happen.	A
8	2.1		M: Legislators are going to meet with scientists before voting on cloning.^ W: Well, I think there's little need for that. Politicians should listen to the public instead of scientists in this matter.^ Q: According to the woman, what should affect decisions on cloning?	u08_2.1_5.mp3		A) Public opinion.	B) Politicians.	C) Scientists.	D) Voters only.	A
8	2.1		W: I heard Dolly, the cloned sheep, died an early death after picking up a disease.^ M: Yeah. She got sick because she was aging faster than normal. Scientists finally had to put her to sleep. It was sad really. Now, I don't know what'll happen with cloning.^ Q: Why did the scientists have to put Dolly to sleep?	u08_2.1_6.mp3		A) Because she had become sick.	B) Because she had become too old.	C) Because she had become too sad to sleep.	D) Because she had started to act abnormally.	A
8	2.1		M: Cloning might be an option for us when having a child. What do you think?^ W: Sorry. That doesn't work for me at all. I wouldn't want to handle the process. I've already talked to a doctor about this and it sounds like it would be too much trouble.^ Q: Why does the woman refuse to choose cloning?	u08_2.1_7.mp3		A) Because she doesn't think cloning works.	B) Because she has options that'll work better.	C) Because she doesn't want to undergo the process.	D) Because she can't handle dealing with doctors.	C
8	2.1		W: I'd like to use cloning to make a perfect child -- one who's smart, athletic, and so on.^ M: Impossible! Intelligence and athleticism depend more on one's upbringing than one's genes. Cloning can't make perfect people.^ Q: What does the man think?	u08_2.1_8.mp3		A) Cloning cannot ever be perfected.	B) Cloning is impossible for people today.	C) Excellence depends more on learning.	D) People can be made genetically perfect.	C
8	2.1		M: What are you telling me? I'm a clone? What about my sisters? Are they clones too?^ W: No, just you. I'm sorry, but neither your dad nor I thought about how you'd feel then.^ Q: What is the relationship between the two speakers?	u08_2.1_9.mp3		A) Mother and son.	B) Father and daughter.	C) Brother and sister.	D) Doctor and patient.	A
8	2.1		W: Glad to see you at home. Did you go to the clinic today and ask the doctor about cloning?^ M: Yeah. But we didn't do much more than make an appointment to talk again in his office at the hospital.^ Q: Where does the conversation take place?	u08_2.1_10.mp3		A) In a hospital.	B) At home.	C) In a clinic.	D) In an office.	B
8	2.2	What's Your Position on Human Cloning?	M: Have you finished the draft I ordered?^ W: You mean the document that will spell out our position on human cloning? Can you wait another day or two for it? I'm still having problems determining what our position should be.^ M: I'm afraid this can't wait. We need to get our position out immediately to doctors and potential parents who need some sort of authoritative advice.^ W: Maybe it'd help if we talked this out together.^ M: Fine. What questions do you have?^ W: I'd like to know what you feel about this issue personally. As the head of this committee, you should have the greatest say in our stance.^ M: Fine. I feel that cloning is completely ethical and should be advanced as a top priority of medicine.^ W: Why?^ M: I'm extremely concerned about parents who are unable to have children naturally. Cloning would allow these parents to have children even if they were infertile.^ W: Anything else?^ M: That's it for now. Write this up quickly and have it on my desk before you leave for the day.	u08_2.2.mp3	1. What are the speakers talking about?	A) Their position on human cloning.	B) The ethics of human cloning.	C) The priorities of medicine.	D) Doctors advising patients on cloning.	A
8	2.2				2. What is the relationship between the two speakers?	A) Superior and subordinate.	B) Mother and son.	C) Father and daughter.	D) Doctor and patient.	A
8	2.2				3. Why must a position be decided upon right away?	A) Because the man wants to receive advice on the issue.	B) Because people need to be told what they should do.	C) Because the woman wants to know what the man feels personally.	D) Because doctors and patients are asking for advice.	D
8	2.2				4. How does the woman feel about the man?	A) The man is not completely ethical.	B) The man cannot wait for an answer.	C) The man has a lot to say on this.	D) The man's opinion matters to her.	D
8	2.2				5. How does the man feel about infertile couples?	A) They should be concerned.	B) They must act ethically.	C) They are most in need of cloning.	D) They are unable to have children.	C
8	2.3	History of Cloning	Dolly, the cloned sheep, was the biggest news story of 1996. Since then rodents, cattle, pigs, and other animals have, like Dolly, also been cloned from adult animals. Despite these successes, producing cloned mammals is enormously difficult, with most attempts ending in failure. Cloning succeeds four percent of the time in species that have already been successfully cloned. In addition, some studies have indicated that cloned animals are less healthy than normally reproduced animals.^ In 2001, researchers in Massachusetts announced that they were trying to clone humans in an attempt to extract stem cells. The National Academy of Sciences, while announcing support for such so-called therapeutic or research cloning in 2001, announced they opposed the cloning of humans for reproductive purposes in 2002. They said it was unsafe.^ Ethicists, religious and political leaders, and others have called for a ban on human cloning for any purpose. They were especially worried when South Korean scientists announced in 2004 that they had cloned 30 human embryos. However, an investigation in 2005 determined that the data had been fabricated.	u08_2.3.mp3	1. According to the passage, which of the following has NOT been cloned?	A) A sheep.	B) A pig.	C) A rodent.	D) A human embryo.	D
8	2.3				2. How do cloned animals compare with normally reproduced animals?	A) Cloned animals are healthier.	B) Cloned animals are just as healthy as the normally reproduced ones.	C) Cloned animals are less healthy.	D) Scientists are still unsure about this.	C
8	2.3				3. When did Massachusetts researchers say they were trying to clone people?	A) In 2001.	B) In 2002.	C) In 2004.	D) In 2005.	A
8	2.3				4. How do people of the National Academy of Sciences feel about cloning?	A) They support all types of cloning.	B) They support some types of cloning.	C) They are against all types of cloning.	D) They think cloning causes people to worry.	B
8	2.3				5. What was discovered about the announcement made by South Korean scientists?	A) They had banned human cloning.	B) They had cloned 30 human embryos.	C) They had lied about their results.	D) They had cloned a human being.	C
8	2.4	Twin Studies	M1: Believe it or not, identical twins are only a little more alike than the rest of us. That's because all human beings are 99.9% the same, that is genetically. Thomas Turi, director of genetic technologies for Pfizer is here to explain a little bit more. Good morning.^ M2: Good morning.^ M1: So how much the same are you and I?^ M2: You and I and everyone else are 99.9% identical.^ M1: Right, and the twins that we are looking at out, especially the guys with the funny hats on, how identical, how... how much the same are they?^ M2: Well, depends on whether they are maternal twins or fraternal twins. Maternal twins are 100% identical.^ M1: These guys?^ M2: These guys, 100% identical. Er, that's because after the egg has been fertilized, it splits and divides, so they actually share the same genetic material for, for very early stages.^ M1: As a researcher, what kind of information does that tell you, what is the, well, how is that helpful to you?^ M2: So twin studies are actually very helpful in terms of trying to help identify and localize genes that cause disease. (Right) Many diseases, not all diseases have a genetic component. (Right) And some diseases have a genetic component as well as an environmental component.^ M1: Sure, sure, sure.	u08_2.4.mp3	1. All ____________________ are 99.9% identical. 2. Not all twins are totally alike. Only ____________________ are 100% identical. 3. Twin studies are very helpful in identifying and localizing ____________________ . 4. It's said that ____________________ have a genetic component, i.e., they are caused by some specific genes. 5. Some diseases have a genetic component as well as ____________________ .	human beings^maternal twins^genes that cause disease^many diseases^an environmental component^fraternal twins^people of the same race				human beings^maternal twins^genes that cause disease^many diseases^an environmental component
8	2.5	Different Views on Human Cloning	Human cloning means a lot of things to a lot of different people. Some people see it as a great aid to human beings, allowing them to live longer lives. People supporting cloning also hope that it can help infertile couples have children.^ Still, people who support cloning are making a big mistake, because human cloning would lead to more trouble than humankind has ever known. First of all, human cloning is expensive. If governments were to invest more money in cloning human beings, they would have to take money away from social programs that feed the poor and increase literacy. Secondly, cloning is thus far inefficient. For an animal to be cloned, scientists must make many attempts. Each of their failed attempts creates a deformed life, which may experience pain. The result of human cloning at this point, then, would be a multitude of tragically deformed people. And thirdly, human cloning would create a race of people, clones, that might actually compete with ordinary human beings. Who's to say that clones wouldn't displace us?	u08_2.5.mp3	1^1^1	It allows people to live longer.@0^It is expensive.@0@0		Reasons for Cloning^Reasons Against Cloning		0@It gives children to infertile couples.^0@It is inefficient.@It can create a race of people to compete with ordinary humans.
8	2.6	Running Down a Dream	It was a beautiful day, the sun beat down^ I had the radio on, I was driving^ Trees flew by, me and Del were singing^ Little Runaway I was flying^^ Yeah running down a dream^ That never would come to me^ Working on a mystery^ Going wherever it leads^ Running down a dream^^ I felt so good like anything was possible^ I hit cruise control and rubbed my eyes^ The last three days the rain was unstoppable^ It was always cold, no sunshine^^ Yeah running down a dream^ That never would come to me^ Working on a mystery^ Going wherever it leads^ Running down a dream^^ I rolled on as the sky grew dark^ I put the pedal down to make some time^ There's something good waiting down this road^ I'm picking up whatever is mine^^ I'm running down a dream^ That never would come to me^ Working on a mystery^ Going wherever it leads^ I'm running down a dream...	u08_2.6.mp3
8	3.1	Satisfaction	A: Are you satisfied with the layout of the conference hall?^ B: Yes, everything is nicely done.^ A: How's the reception room?^ B: I am happy with it, especially the way the registration desks are arranged.^ A: Is it OK to put the coffee maker in the front corner?^ B: Probably not. I'm afraid there may not be enough space there.
8	3.1		A: What do you think of our new sales manager?^ B: Do you mean Mr. Green? So far I am pleased with his work.^ A: So am I. I think he is just what we need -- a person who is energetic and passionate.^ B: I believe most board members will be satisfied with him too.
8	3.1		A: My father bought me a laptop yesterday, and it's exactly what I want.^ B: That's fabulous. How much does it weigh?^ A: It weighs 6.5 pounds. Quite easy for me to carry around.^ B: Well, it is a little bit too heavy for me.
8	3.1	Disappointment	A: Linda looks upset today. What is she unhappy with?^ B: It seems her brother won't be able to come to her birthday party tonight.^ A: No wonder. That is a real letdown for her.^ B: I have an idea. Let's get her a nice present and cheer her up.
8	3.1		A: How was the soccer game last Saturday?^ B: It was disappointing! We lost.^ A: What a pity! I had thought your team would definitely win.^ B: If only John could have played! He is the best player on our team, but he broke his leg two weeks ago.
8	3.1		A: You seem low-spirited. What's the matter?^ B: My husband forgot our wedding anniversary.^ A: I'm sorry to hear that. He may be just too busy with his work. Don't be too upset.^ B: What a shame! He always lets me down. Last month he forgot our daughter's birthday, and yesterday he forgot our wedding anniversary.
8	3.2	Summarize a Passage: Different Views on Human Cloning	Human cloning means a lot of things to a lot of different people. Some people see it as a great aid to human beings, allowing them to live longer lives. People supporting cloning also hope that it can help infertile couples have children.^ Still, people who support cloning are making a big mistake, because human cloning would lead to more trouble than humankind has ever known. First of all, human cloning is expensive. If governments were to invest more money in cloning human beings, they would have to take money away from social programs that feed the poor and increase literacy. Secondly, cloning is thus far inefficient. For an animal to be cloned, scientists must make many attempts. Each of their failed attempts creates a deformed life, which may experience pain. The result of human cloning at this point, then, would be a multitude of tragically deformed people. And thirdly, human cloning would create a race of people, clones, that might actually compete with ordinary human beings. Who's to say that clones wouldn't displace us?	u08_2.5.mp3		The speaker presents reasons both for and against cloning.^There are reasons for and against cloning.
8	3.3	Cloning Yourself	A: Hey, I heard that you are planning to clone yourself.^ B: I don't know where you heard that. You know that the law doesn't allow cloning. Even if it did, I don't think I'd be able to afford it. If I could, however, I think I would.^ A: You would? Why?^ B: Think about it a little. If you could clone yourself, you could have a full body of extra organs and parts that you could harvest if the old ones stopped working.^ A: I don't know if I like the sound of that. What about the clone? He'd be a human too, just like you. I don't think it's right to use a person like that.	u08_3.3.mp3	Is it right to clone a person in order to harvest organs or body parts? Would you use an organ harvested from a clone when your own organ was failing and you were dying?	Cloning has made us think more about what it means to be human and how humans should be treated. A clone, with a body and brain just like any other person, is definitely human. As a human, he or she should enjoy certain rights. One of those rights is the right to live by his or her own free will, instead of being treated as a piece of property that only serves others. None of us would agree that a normal child should be raised for his or her parts. Then why would we argue that using a clone for his or her parts is fine? If I were in a live-or-die situation in which I needed a clone's part to live, I would rather die. It wouldn't be right for me to use a clone like that, and I must stick to my morals.
8	4.1	Different Views on Genetic Doubling	Hi, My name is Farban, I'm from Germany. I want to talk about genetic doubling or cloning. Well, most of the people are a little bit afraid when they hear the word cloning. Can this mean they can clone myself and maybe one day nobody needs me because there's another me? Maybe, but I think we have to be a little bit, a little bit more positive when we look at the modern technology like cloning. Of course it has bad sides, but it also has good sides. It can help our society. For example, in medicine, if somebody needs an organ and we can clone this organ we don't need an organ donor. We just need this kind of cloned organ and it can really save lives. Well, in Germany, a lot of people are afraid of this. Maybe it's also about religion, because cloning, it is a little bit like playing god or just creating life by yourself so it's a little bit dangerous or, at least, it's a little bit, well, hard to get used to the thought that somebody can be cloned and there can be two me's. I mean that's really strange. But I think it has a lot of good sides and at least we have to be open for the good things that can be brought by cloning.^ Hi, I'm Betsy and I'm from Hong Kong. Today I'm going to talk to you about Hong Kong's attitude toward genetic engineering, especially on cloning. I think most of my Hong Kong friends would disagree with, uh, reproductive cloning, because in the Chinese culture, um, we think the bloodline and family lineage is very important, so if you are able clone somebody, um, using technology it seems like it really, um, disrespects this tradition. So, but on the other hand, now you see a lot of genetically modified food, which are very welcomed by the Hong Kong people. Because it would, you know, improves our eating habits and improves our health. But I think, cloning wise, for reproductive purposes, um, is not gonna work at this point of time.^ Hello, my name is Terry. I'm from the state of Indiana in the US. and I'm talking about troubling over genetic doubling, which is basically a subject of genetic engineering, um, which is a very hot topic right now, although it's been a practice for centuries. Every breed of dog that we have has been engineered, in a sense, because they were bred to preserve certain rates, uh, traits, I mean, um, and that's why we have the specific dogs that we've got. So, basically, we have been doing this throughout human history except now we seem to be taking it to a next level. Where it is being more controlled by science, and because of history I would say I've got no problem with the idea of genetic engineering as long as processes are keeping held in a natural form. I say once things are being forced to do things that are un-natural under, in the other circumstances that would be definitely troubling.^ Hi, my name is Andrew and I come from Canada and I'm gonna talk to you today about, uh, genetic doubling or cloning. Now this is an interesting, uh, new technology that's come up and it poses a lot of questions, some of which become philosophical. If you clone yourself, is this clone, now, you? If you die and this clone goes on to live, is that you? Would this clone share the same kind of thoughts and dreams and hopes and aspirations as you would? I, personally, don't think so. I think this clone would have it's own, um, sets of hopes and dreams depending on what it personally had experienced. The thing is, though, with cloning is that I think that there already are enough people in this world, in fact, there are too many. If we start making more, our population on the planet is just gonna get out of control and there's not going to be enough food, water and resources to feed and clothe everyone. So, I don't think cloning makes much sense for us right now.							Farban.jpg^Betsy.jpg^Terry.jpg^Andrew.jpg
8	4.2				Farban: Cloning has its good sides and people should be open for the good things that cloning might bring. Betsy: Genetically modified food is not popular in Hong Kong. Terry: Basically, genetic engineering is something new in human history. Andrew: Cloning may make the population problem worse in the world.	T F F T				Farban1.jpg^Betsy1.jpg^Terry1.jpg^Andrew1.jpg
8	4.3
8	5.1	Interview Dr. Griffin	W: Hello, nice to meet you, Dr. Griffin. I'm Nancy Wang with the China Daily. Thank you for allowing me to come here to your research laboratory. Can you tell our readers what you do here?^ M: Well, this is where we conduct studies on cloning experiments. I'm glad you could come to see our facilities. And it's very nice to meet you, Miss Wang. I've been to China twice.^ W: Really? When?^ M: I visited China first in 1995 and then in 2000. I believe everyone who has been to China must be impressed with how dramatically the country has changed.^ W: Thank you, Dr. Griffin. I heard it was your institute that first cloned an adult mammal -- Dolly the sheep. Your institute did that in July 1996, right?^ M: That's right. Ever since it was born, Dolly has been the center of attention. Its appearance marked the beginning of an era.^ W: It's reported that Dolly gave birth to a lamb in April 1999. How are Dolly and the little lamb doing?^ M: The lamb is called Bonnie. They're both doing well. This proves that Dolly, a cloned animal, is able to breed normally and produce healthy offspring.^ W: I wish you further success, Dr. Griffin.^ M: Thank you, Miss Wang.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.^ 1. Where is the conversation taking place?^ 2. What can we infer from the conversation?^ 3. When was Bonnie born?^ 4. What was proven by Dr. Griffin's experiments?^ 5. What is this conversation about?	u08_5.1.mp3		Q1: Where is the conversation taking place? Ans: B Q2: What can we infer from the conversation? Ans: C Q3: When was Bonnie born? Ans: B Q4: What was proven by Dr. Griffin's experiments? Ans: C Q5: What is this conversation about? Ans: D
8	5.2	Human Cloning Is Unsafe	Human cloning is unsafe. The process that led to Dolly began with the transfer of the nucleus of an adult cell to an unfertilized egg by a process known as cell fusion. The "reconstructed" embryo was cultured and eventually implanted into female sheep and brought to term.^ From more than 430 attempted fusions, 277 reconstructed embryos were made in this way; of these, only 29 survived to the stage that they could be implanted into female sheep, and only one survived to term. Just think of the huge waste of material and human suffering such a low success rate would imply.^ And we believe that as we get older, our cellular DNA suffers changes, which account for why we are increasingly likely to develop cancer as we get older. A person cloned from an adult cell might have a higher risk of cancer because of premature aging, but we wouldn't know that for years. Is our society prepared to take that risk?^ So human cloning should continue to be considered unethical.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.^ 1. What is the speaker talking about?^ 2. How many reconstructed embryos were created through cell fusion in the Dolly experiment?^ 3. According to the speaker, why are we more likely to have cancer as we age?^ 4. According to the speaker, what kind of problem may clones suffer?^ 5. What can be inferred from the passage about human clones?	u08_5.2.mp3		Q1: What is the speaker talking about? Ans: C Q2: How many reconstructed embryos were created through cell fusion in the Dolly experiment? Ans: A Q3: According to the speaker, why are we more likely to have cancer as we age? Ans: B Q4: According to the speaker, what kind of problem may clones suffer? Ans: C Q5: What can be inferred from the passage about human clones? Ans: C
8	5.3	What Will Happen Next?	Headless human clones will be used to grow organs and tissues for transplant surgery in the next five to ten years. This was said by a leading authority on the ethics of human cloning.^ Dr. Patrick Dixon, author of Genetic Revolution, gained fame by forecasting the cloning of animals. Now, he is making this new prediction after newspapers reported that British scientists had created a frog embryo without a head.^ Scientists believed the technique used to create the headless frogs could be adapted to grow human organs. These organs could include hearts and livers in an artificial womb.^ Dixon called for an urgent global biotechnology summit to examine every aspect of genetics, and provided the foundations for international agreements. International inconsistencies on various aspects of genetic engineering, including human cloning, urgently needed to be removed, he said.^ "Genetic engineering is a very exciting and important technology," Dixon told reporters. "It has the power to feed the world and cure disease but you have to ask fundamental questions before it is too late."^ "The headless frog embryo is another example of the way the technology is racing far ahead of public understanding," he said. It's hard to say what will happen next.	u08_5.3.mp3		1) ethics 2) prediction 3) technique 4) adapted 5) artificial 6) urgent 7) inconsistencies 8) Genetic engineering is a very exciting and important technology 9) but you have to ask fundamental questions before it is too late 10) the way the technology is racing far ahead of public understanding
8	5.4	Imitate the Speaker	The future doesn't belong to the fainthearted; it belongs to the brave. The Challenger crew was pulling us into the future, and we'll continue to follow them. We'll continue our quest in space. There will be more shuttle flights and more shuttle crews and, yes, more volunteers, more civilians, more teachers in space. Nothing ends here; our hopes and our journeys continue.^^ From the Space Shuttle "Challenger" Tragedy Address by Ronald Reagan	u08_5.4.mp3
9	1.1	The Changing Roles of Women and Families	Women are entering the workplace in larger quantities and rising to positions of authority at a faster rate than ever. No longer just mothers, women are now leaders of business and government. But are they happier and are families better for it? Lisa Song, author of Now What? Women and Families in the 21st Century, a new book about the changing roles of women and families, has received a lot of attention for her controversial ideas. Critics claim Song is advocating a reversal of women's rights so that women become mere slaves of their husbands. Song defends herself, saying she doesn't argue for anything of the sort. She says she doesn't want women to be slaves, but just to question their so-called achievements during the past hundred years. Song is here with us today to talk about increasing divorce rates, and general dissatisfaction in families. Stay tuned.	u09_1.mp3	It is more common to see women working today than in the past.^In her book, Lisa Song introduces changes she wants to see happen.^Song says she wants women to return to a time of fewer rights.					T^NG^F
9	1.2		Women are entering the workplace in larger quantities and rising to positions of authority at a faster rate than ever. No longer just mothers, women are now leaders of business and government. But are they happier and are families better for it? Lisa Song, author of Now What? Women and Families in the 21st Century, a new book about the changing roles of women and families, has received a lot of attention for her controversial ideas. Critics claim Song is advocating a reversal of women's rights so that women become mere slaves of their husbands. Song defends herself, saying she doesn't argue for anything of the sort. She says she doesn't want women to be slaves, but just to question their so-called achievements during the past hundred years. Song is here with us today to talk about increasing divorce rates, and general dissatisfaction in families. Stay tuned.	u09_1.mp3	Have you heard of stay-at-home dad or house husband? What's your attitude toward this phenomenon? Do you like your mom staying home to take care of the family or going to work and make money? Give your reasons.
9	2.1	Turning Over People's Roles in the Family	M: You want me to sign a premarital agreement? And you think I'm going to do this? Incredible!^ W: Listen. I know it's not something a person wants to think about before getting married, but I have to protect myself in case we get divorced.^ Q: What are the speakers talking about?	u09_2.1_1.mp3		A) Marriage.	B) Agreement.	C) Divorce.	D) Protection.	B
9	2.1		W: Premarital agreements aren't just for the rich anymore. I've heard of poor people getting them too.^ M: Really? I haven't ever heard of that before. But I do see more people get married without being certain they will stay together forever.^ Q: What has the man witnessed?	u09_2.1_2.mp3		A) More people getting married than before.	B) Poor people signing premarital agreements.	C) Rich people signing premarital agreements.	D) People getting married without careful consideration.	D
9	2.1		M: You're so beautiful, smart, and funny. Why is it that you haven't gotten married?^ W: I've come close a couple of times. But I refuse to get married without a prenup. Most guys can't accept this. I hope you're different.^ Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?	u09_2.1_3.mp3		A) The speakers are considering marriage.	B) The speakers have been married before.	C) The man is different from the woman.	D) The woman refuses to get married.	A
9	2.1		M: I heard your parents got divorced last week! What happened?^ W: My mother... she got a job four years ago, got a new boss three years ago, and fell in love with him two years ago. She started divorce procedures with my dad one year ago.^ Q: How many years have passed since the woman's mother got a new boss?	u09_2.1_4.mp3		A) One year.	B) Two years.	C) Three years.	D) Four years.	C
9	2.1		M: When the government relaxed the divorce requirements, I thought the new laws would increase the divorce rate.^ W: Yeah. So did I. But look at the numbers here in the paper. Divorce rates have stayed about the same.^ Q: What did the woman expect?	u09_2.1_5.mp3		A) The divorce rate would rise.	B) The divorce rate would stay about the same.	C) New laws would be passed regarding divorce.	D) The leaders would relax divorce requirements.	A
9	2.1		W: Families aren't like what they used to be. I know of so many families with only one parent, with mothers left all alone to raise children and work at the same time.^ M: And something really shocking -- I know of one family with three parents!^ Q: What does the man find surprising?	u09_2.1_6.mp3		A) Families with one parent.	B) Families with three parents.	C) Mothers raising children by themselves.	D) Working mothers raising children.	B
9	2.1		W: In a marriage, do you think one person should handle the finances, or both?^ M: I think it's easier for one person to handle the finances. Two makes a mess of things. Take my parents for example, my dad had money in his wallet for whatever he needed and the rest went into the bank for mom to pay bills with. Never saw it fail once.^ Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?	u09_2.1_7.mp3		A) The man's father was an irresponsible person.	B) The man's mother was the breadwinner of the family.	C) The man thinks financial decisions in a marriage are better made by just one person.	D) The man thinks financial decisions in a marriage should be made by both people.	C
9	2.1		W: Who's that strange man handling your baby? I don't think I've seen him before.^ M: Oh, Sam? He's, well, he's sort of my nanny. I just hired him. I know it's unusual for men to do babysitting. But he's really good.^ Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?	u09_2.1_8.mp3		A) Sam is a strange man.	B) Sam isn't a very caring person.	C) Men don't often work as nannies.	D) Men aren't good at caring for children.	C
9	2.1		M: Are you sure you want to go through with this? Divorce is so final. You know, my parents did it, and they were never the same. It was hard for them.^ W: I know. And I expect it to be hard for our kids. But I think it's the right thing to do.^ Q: What is the relationship between the two speakers?	u09_2.1_9.mp3		A) Mother and son.	B) Father and daughter.	C) Brother and sister.	D) Wife and husband.	D
9	2.1		W: My sister is having trouble with her boyfriend. He won't marry without a prenup.^ M: I can see why. I wouldn't have married you if you would've made this demand. My parents would've flipped!^ Q: What is the relationship between the two speakers?	u09_2.1_10.mp3		A) Brother and sister.	B) Mother and son.	C) Father and daughter.	D) Husband and wife.	D
9	2.2	Is 10 too Many?	M: Before we get married, I'd like us to talk about the arrangements we need to make. OK?^ W: Arrangements? I'm kind of afraid of where I see this going.^ M: What do you mean?^ W: I think you're going to ask me for a premarital agreement. Am I right?^ M: What? Come on! You think I'd be such a jerk?^ W: Well...^ M: I know they're very common. And maybe there's a good reason for them.^ W: Good reason?^ M: Calm down. I'm just saying...^ W: Just saying what?^ M: I can see why people would want them. Marriages aren't stable like they were in the past. And since so many marriages last only a few years, I can see why people would want to protect their money and property.^ W: Money and property aren't so important. Trust is.^ M: Oh, I know, I know. When people get married, they shouldn't think about getting divorced. They should plan on being together forever.^ W: So what did you want to talk to me about?^ M: I was just wondering if we should decide how many children to have. Is 10 too many?	u09_2.2.mp3	1. What is the relationship between the speakers?	A) Fiance and fiancee.	B) Mother and son.	C) Father and daughter.	D) Husband and wife.	A
9	2.2				2. What are the speakers talking about?	A) Getting a divorce.	B) Plans for a marriage.	C) Their honeymoon.	D) A lack of trust.	B
9	2.2				3. Why should people want to protect their money and property?	A) Because they don't plan on being together forever.	B) Because they are jerks and not stable.	C) Because trust is impossible to have.	D) Because marriages don't last long nowadays.	D
9	2.2				4. What should marriage plans include according to the man?	A) Plans on what to do in a divorce.	B) Plans to have a couple of children.	C) Plans on staying together forever.	D) Plans to buy more property.	C
9	2.2				5. What can be inferred from the conversation?	A) The man wants to protect his money.	B) The man is thinking about a divorce.	C) The man wants a premarital agreement.	D) The man wants to have many children.	D
9	2.3	Changes in the Family Structure	For many years, the model for families throughout the Western world was the Roman family. And in the Roman family, a man was boss. As the sole owner of the family property, he controlled the economic rights of the family. He also had power of life and death over the members of the family. At his death, his name, property, and authority descended to his sons.^ But in the 19th century, when Western nations began to grant equal rights to women, basic changes took place in the family. The state also intervened to change the authority of parents over their children. At the same time, education shifted increasingly from the household to the school. The effect was to loosen traditional family ties. In Western Europe, where legislation provides equal financial benefits and legal standing to all children, families have also increasingly come to consist of one or two unwed parents and children.^ Another factor affecting the modern Western family was the Industrial Revolution, which transferred many economic tasks, such as baking, from the home to the factory. In industrial communities, the mother is now often employed outside the home, leaving the children to be cared for by others.	u09_2.3.mp3	1. This passage is about all of the following BUT...?	A) The influence of Rome on families.	B) Family structure after the Industrial Revolution.	C) Families in the Western world.	D) Children taking care of themselves.	D
9	2.3				2. What is implied in the passage?	A) Western nations offer the most equal rights.	B) Changes to the family improved education.	C) Women wished to loosen family ties.	D) Women had little power in Roman families.	D
9	2.3				3. What happened when Western countries offered rights to women?	A) Fundamental changes took place in families.	B) Parents lost authority over their children.	C) Changes occurred in education.	D) Legislation began to provide equal benefits.	A
9	2.3				4. What happened to education in the 19th century?	A) It began to be legislated by governments.	B) It began to offer equality to girls.	C) It became the duty of the school.	D) It became the duty of the home.	C
9	2.3				5. Why are more women working outside the home?	A) Because of the Industrial Revolution.	B) Because of industrial communities.	C) Because of legislation.	D) Because of financial benefits.	A
9	2.4	Stay-at-home Dad	It's a typical weekday morning at Gary and Rynett Vall's Parma home. Rynett has left for her job as a computer instructor at Cleveland's Metro-Health Medical Center, and Gary, an X-ray technician by trade, is making toast for their adopted three-year-old son Andy.^ Gary: Before he arrived, my wife and I were both working. As he is getting older, he need more of our time. My wife and I, we talked for a long time and discussed our options. We decided that since her income was greater than mine, and her benefits were fabulous, it was the wise choice to give up my job.^ Interviewer: How do you like it so far?^ Gary: It was really, really tough at first. I think it was my ego. It made me feel bad. Because I felt like I wasn't contributing. I've got over that. Now, I feel like I'm doing my part, and I'm watching my son grow and I can see what I've achieved through him. The difficult part's over. Once I got over that, then I encountered the "cabin fever". I was tired of staying at home. I wanted to get out and do something. So I got a part-time job and it's been fantastic since then. I spend all day with Andy and then, my wife comes home around five o'clock or so. And then, I start work at six and then we just exchange roles.^ Stay-at-home-dad Internet sites have also been a help. Gary located several local dads online. They get together for afternoon outings with their kids, and for camaraderie. He says neither his family nor his wife's have any problem with their arrangement, but he has come under fire from a few women accusing him of just being lazy. And Gary maintains he experienced prejudice when he and Andy got involved in a playgroup at a local elementary school.	u09_2.4.mp3	1. Gary's wife didn't leave her job because her pay was high and ____________________ . 2. When Gary first started being a stay-at-home dad, he thought it was ____________________ . 3. Gary stopped feeling tired of staying at home when he ____________________ . 4. Gary located other stay-at-home dads ____________________ . 5. A few women still think that Gary is ____________________ .					her benefits were fabulous^really, really tough^got a part-time job^on the Internet / online^lazy
9	2.5	Benefits of Women Staying at Home	Many years ago, women started entering the workplace to achieve a fulfilling career as well as financial independence. Now, it's the regular practice. Some people think this is a sign of progress for women and for society, but I don't agree. As a woman and a mother, I have experienced all the troubles that working women face. I'd like to explain here why I believe it's better for women to stay at home.^ The first reason for women to stay at home is that children are better off for it. A stay-at-home mother has a lot of time for her kids. She has time to teach them, take care of them, cook for them, and so on. Basically, she's able to do all the things that make them happy and healthy. The second reason is that the duties of a wife and mother are tiring. A working woman is already exhausted by her work outside of the home. If she tries to care for her home and children at the same time, she is overworking herself. Finally, a woman's retreat from the workplace may have a positive effect on the job market. When the workforce is reduced in size, companies will be able to increase wages. We will also see a lower unemployment rate.	u09_2.5.mp3	1^1^1	0^0^0		Benefits of women staying at home		It is good for children.^Women won't overwork themselves.^It is good for the job market.
9	2.6	Lovesick Blues	I got a feelin' called the blues, Oh Lord^ Since my baby said goodbye^ Lord, I don't know what I'll do^ All I do is sit and sigh, oh Lord^ That last long day she said goodbye^ Well Lord, I thought I would cry^ She'll do me, she'll do you,^ She's got that kind of lovin'^ Lord, I love to hear her^ When she calls me sweet daddy^^ Such a beautiful dream^ I hate to think it all over^ I've lost my heart it seems^ I've grown so used to you somehow^ Well, I'm nobody's sugar daddy now^ And I'm lonesome, I've got the lovesick blues^^ Well I'm in love, I'm in love with a beautiful gal^ That's what's the matter with me^ Well I'm in love, I'm in love with a beautiful gal^ But she don't care about me^^ Lord, I tried and I tried to keep her satisfied^ But she just wouldn't stay^ So now that she is leavin'^ This is all I can say...	u09_2.6.mp3
9	3.1	Annoyance	A: Some of your neighbors like to have their radios turned on loud, I see.^ B: Yes, almost every night. It's annoying!^ A: Some people are so inconsiderate.^ B: I can't stand it any more. It's awful!
9	3.1		A: Do you think you could just sit down and watch?^ B: I've tried, but I can't stand that tall man talking so loud.^ A: Then, isn't it about time that you just listened to the actors?^ B: That's exactly what I'd like to be able to do.
9	3.1		A: Oh, no! Waiter!^ B: Yes, madam, is there anything wrong?^ A: Yes. I hate making a fuss, but I think you've got the orders mixed up. My husband wants steak and I want fish.^ B: Let me see. Oh, I'm terribly sorry for that.
9	3.1	Fear	A: The final examination is drawing near.^ B: You know, I feel very nervous about it.^ A: Take it easy.^ B: It's easier said than done.^ A: Come on! Some music will help.
9	3.1		A: What's up? Your face is as white as a sheet.^ B: I was really terrified witnessing that car accident.^ A: I'm terribly sorry to hear that. Did anyone get hurt?^ B: I think so. There was blood all over the road.^ A: We should be careful walking.
9	3.1		A: Hurry up. I'm afraid I'll be late.^ B: We still have 20 minutes left.^ A: But today there's someone very important coming to our company, so we need to get to the office earlier to get everything ready.^ B: You're right. Let's try to make it.
9	3.1	Desire	A: Oh, I hear you've got a new job with another company.^ B: Yeah, I've been working with this company for almost a month.^ A: How are you getting along with your new colleagues?^ B: I think it's fine. But I'm anxious to have some feedback from the supervisor.
9	3.1		A: How do you like your new position as director?^ B: So-so.^ A: Why? It's a position most people would like to have.^ B: I know. However, I'd particularly like to do some occasional teaching, just to keep in touch with the students.
9	3.1		A: Congratulations. You have graduated at the top of your class.^ B: Thank you.^ A: I'm sure you'll get a good job around here.^ B: But I'm really longing to return home. I'd like to see my parents after a day's work, especially for my mom's cooking!
9	3.2	Summary a Passage: Benefits of Women Staying at Home	Many years ago, women started entering the workplace to achieve a fulfilling career as well as financial independence. Now, it's the regular practice. Some people think this is a sign of progress for women and for society, but I don't agree. As a woman and a mother, I have experienced all the troubles that working women face. I'd like to explain here why I believe it's better for women to stay at home.^ The first reason for women to stay at home is that children are better off for it. A stay-at-home mother has a lot of time for her kids. She has time to teach them, take care of them, cook for them, and so on. Basically, she's able to do all the things that make them happy and healthy. The second reason is that the duties of a wife and mother are tiring. A working woman is already exhausted by her work outside of the home. If she tries to care for her home and children at the same time, she is overworking herself. Finally, a woman's retreat from the workplace may have a positive effect on the job market. When the workforce is reduced in size, companies will be able to increase wages. We will also see a lower unemployment rate.	u09_2.5.mp3		The speaker believes that women shouldn't work.^There are good reasons for why women shouldn't work.
9	3.3	Yes, Ma'am! Women in the Army	A: Look at you all! You're nothing! You're worse than nothing! You're the sorriest group of weaklings I've ever had the misfortune to look upon! You! Who are you?^ B: Sir, my name is Rodgers. Sir!^ A: Do you have a first name, Private Rodgers?^ B: Sandy, sir!^ A: Sandy? That sounds like a girl's name! Are you a girl, Sandy Rodgers?^ B: Sir! Yes, sir!^ A: I don't like girls in my army, Sandy! You're small. You're weak! You're going to distract my men! No girl I know of has ever been turned into a killing machine! I need killing machines, Sandy. Are you going to be a killing machine?^ B: Sir, I will try! Sir!	u09_3.3.mp3	Should women be allowed in the military? If they are allowed in the military, should women be restricted to taking certain jobs?	Though I am not in the military myself, I do have an opinion about women in the military. Not only should women be allowed in the military, but they also should be allowed to hold any job men do. This means that if women want to fight on the front lines of a battle, they should be allowed to do so. There should be no restrictions on them. Long ago, when wars were fought with swords, it might've made sense to keep women away from the military. Women are not as strong as men, so they couldn't fight as well. Nowadays, however, weapons are much easier to handle. Strength, then, isn't as important today. Women can handle guns just as well as men. They can also pilot planes and do everything else as well as men in today's military.
9	4.1	People's Roles in Family	Hi, this is Kim again, and I would like to talk to you about families today. Now I know families are pretty much the same everywhere, and I do believe that right now, especially in this new millennium. Because traditionally, you know, in Korea kids are very obedient, they're afraid to speak to their daddy, and mommy is usually a housewife. So you can go and hug and kiss your mommy and you're really afraid of dad, because dad is the father figure. And, um, for the western world, it's usually, you know, more open. Kids can be very, very close to both of their parents, but I think that seems to be the trend nowadays where even in Korea, people are opening up. Kids are opening up and talking to their parents and in most families now, both mother and father work. So we don't have that traditional housewife thing anymore. So I think there is more and more of a balance, you know, there's the, the gray area is certainly expanding rather than, you know, oh daddy's this way, mother is that way and kids have to be this way. But I really do think that is a good thing, it brings everybody closer together.^ Hi, my name is Sarah. I'm from Germany. But I have been studying in France for five years. So today I want to tell you about roles in the family, the roles of the man and the woman. As for my experience, if I compare Germany and France, I think that the French men, French people are a little bit more traditional in, in this, in this aspect than German people. I think they like women to stay at home and take care of the family. Even if there are also a lot of women working in France, that is also true. But this was, ya, my personal experience. Um, on the other hand, also I have a friend from Germany who told me once that actually that German men are in a big crisis, because they don't know how to deal with strong women, because a lot of, eh, a lot of girls, a lot of women in Germany, they also pursue their career and they, um, ya they are very brilliant and have very good careers.^ Hi, my name is Ayumi and I am from Japan. I spent a few years studying in the United States. The topic I will be talking about is people's roles in the family. In Japan, having a stay-at-home dad, or a house husband, is not very common. Traditionally men always go out and do the work, while women stay at home and take care of the family. In America, I notice, that that is not the case. It's more common for a stay-at-home dad, now, because of the potential for women to make more money in the workforce. In Japan we also have very defined gender roles in our occupations. This has not changed in the past twenty years. But I also notice that in America there're much more opportunities for women to do jobs that have been predominantly male. I hope that this is in the future can be something that will happen in Japan as well. And my family has always been where my dad has been the one to go to work and make money, and my mom is the one staying home to take care of the family, thank you.^ Hi, my name is Andrew and I come from Canada. Now, today I'd like to talk a little bit about traditional roles in the family. Now, I guess, when we think about traditional roles in the west the man would be the breadwinner or the one who made all the money. The woman would be maybe having a small part-time job, or something, but her primary role or responsibility would be to stay at home and take care of the kids, clean the house and whatnot. Now, that certainly isn't the case, nowadays. One interesting figure I've recently heard about is that in big cities like New York or Toronto, women actually average a higher salary than do men. So that's something very interesting, it used to be that the men were making more money, now it's the women making more money. I find this very interesting. Also, I think, it used to be quite a stigma for a man to stay at home and not do, uh, not be the primary breadwinner. I don't think this is the case anymore. It's ok. We don't mind so much. I certainly wouldn't mind too much. Although I think I would have to have something to do to keep myself busy all that time.							Kim01.jpg^Sarah.jpg^Ayumi.jpg^Andrew09.jpg
9	4.2				In French, people prefer women to stay at home and take care of the family. In America, women have more opportunities to hold positions that are traditionally held by men. Families are getting more and more alike worldwide nowadays. It is interesting to see that now women are earning more money than men.	3^1^2^4				Kim011.jpg^Sarah1.jpg^Ayumi1.jpg^Andrew091.jpg
9	4.3
9	5.1	Premarital Agreements	M: It seems that we have quite different views as to whether a couple should sign an agreement on their belongings before and during the marriage.^ W: Yes, you're right.^ M: I think it's rational. Marriage is an advanced form of love, and legally certifying ownership of wealth before getting married represents a high degree of rationality on the part of those getting married.^ W: But it desecrates love. A couple gets married and naturally helps each other through thick and thin. If they make exit plans beforehand, it only shows that they really lack mutual trust and commitment.^ M: Actually premarital agreements are common in Western countries and in economically developed regions.^ W: Well, I guess that's true.^ M: Things are changing around here, too. I have a friend who's from the Liaoning Provincial Women's Federation. The Federation supports legally certifying ownership of wealth before getting married in all cases. It has received many complaints related to divorce, 80 percent of which are associated with financial disputes. Such disputes have delayed divorces and caused people great pain. That's why over 50 percent of people say it's exhausting to get divorced. If there's a notarization of wealth, the divorce process will become not only smoother, but faster.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.^ 1. What are the speakers talking about?^ 2. Why does the man support the practice of signing prenuptial agreements?^ 3. Why does the woman disapprove the practice of signing prenuptial agreements?^ 4. What is the attitude of the Liaoning Provincial Women's Federation?^ 5. According to the Liaoning Provincial Women's Federation, what are the most complaints related to divorce about?	u09_5.1.mp3		Q1: What are the speakers talking about? Ans: C Q2: Why does the man support the practice of signing prenuptial agreements? Ans: A Q3: Why does the woman disapprove the practice of signing prenuptial agreements? Ans: B Q4: What is the attitude of the Liaoning Provincial Women's Federation? Ans: B Q5: According to the Liaoning Provincial Women's Federation, what are the most complaints related to divorce about? Ans: C
9	5.2	New Trends of the Families	Today the family is undergoing a radical transformation. Families are more diverse and unstable than in previous decades. Some of these trends are as follows:^ In respect to single-parent families, among families with children under the age 18, nearly 30 percent are headed by a single parent. In about nine out of 10 cases, women head single-parent families. This dramatic increase in single-parent families is largely attributable to divorce and out-of-marriage births.^ In respect to divorce, in the United States the rate of divorce has more than doubled since 1960. The increase in the divorce rate was particularly high in the 1960s and 1970s.^ The ever-increasing divorce rate is a source not only of single parenting but also of several other family forms more common now. Remarriage introduces stepparents into children's lives and creates the possibility of having several families. Of children whose parents divorce and remarry, half will experience a second family break-up before reaching 16.^ While over a million children see their parents divorce each year, we must also look at out-of-wedlock births to understand the dramatic rise in single-parent families. In 1960, only five percent of all births were to unmarried parents. By 1991, it was 29.5 percent.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.^ 1. What is the speaker talking about?^ 2. What percentage of single-parent families are headed by women?^ 3. What becomes likely for children of divorced families?^ 4. What do a million children experience each year?^ 5. What increased from five percent in 1960 to 29.5 percent in 1991?	u09_5.2.mp3		Q1: What is the speaker talking about? Ans: D Q2: What percentage of single-parent families are headed by women? Ans: C Q3: What becomes likely for children of divorced families? Ans: C Q4: What do a million children experience each year? Ans: C Q5: What increased from five percent in 1960 to 29.5 percent in 1991? Ans: B
9	5.3	Whether to Marry in School	The university years are a golden period for study. Besides taking classes, many university students fall in love. This is something schools expect and accept. However, marriage is a totally different matter. To many university students, those who are physically but not mentally mature, marriage is too heavy a burden. I'm not exaggerating just to frighten listeners. Undergraduates who get married in school will probably be at loose ends in both study and family life.^ Since the Ministry of Education has relaxed restrictions on the age limit for candidates for the National College Entrance Examinations, various universities may enroll some people meeting the conditions for marriage. The answer to whether or not marriage in school should be allowed appears to be no. Educators feel that marriage causes problems for students. As for those who are attending universities at an older age, studying hard should be their priority rather than anything else. In addition, the marriage of some undergraduates will inevitably influence other students, thus, endangering the established teaching order.	u09_5.3.mp3		1) university 2) expect 3) marriage 4) mature 5) exaggerating 6) Undergraduates 7) candidates 8) The answer to whether or not marriage in school should be allowed 9) As for those who are attending universities at an older age 10) the marriage of some undergraduates will inevitably influence other students
9	5.4	Imitate the Speaker	At the end of your life, you will never regret not having passed one more test, winning one more verdict, or not closing one more deal. You will regret time not spent with a husband, a child, a friend or a parent. Your success as a family, our success as a society, depends not on what happens in the White House, but on what happens inside your house.^^ From Barbara Bush's Commencement Address at Wellesley College	u09_5.4.mp3
10	1.1	The Center of My Life	M: I feel so fortunate to be talking with you right now! Can you tell our audience what it's like to be so famous? I mean, you have a best-selling novel on the market, you enjoy huge financial success... The fantastic clothes, the beautiful cars... It must be great, huh?^ W: Well, I'd be lying if I said that I didn't like those things. But they aren't at the center of my life.^ M: What is at the center then?^ W: My friends, definitely.^ M: Why's that?^ W: Money is easily spent, and wealth can be lost, but my friends always stand by me, whenever I have trouble. I also learn a lot from them to become a better person.	u10_1.mp3	What does the woman think about her success and the nice things that come with it?^What does the woman learn from her friends?^What are the benefits of having friends?	0^0^0				She likes them, but they aren't at the center of her life.^How to become a better person.^I think that there are many benefits of having friends. For instance, my friends keep me company, especially when I am sad. They also support me when I am in difficulties. They teach me new skills and they help me in my studies. I cannot think of anything that is as valuable as friendship.
10	1.2		M: I feel so fortunate to be talking with you right now! Can you tell our audience what it's like to be so famous? I mean, you have a best-selling novel on the market, you enjoy huge financial success... The fantastic clothes, the beautiful cars... It must be great, huh?^ W: Well, I'd be lying if I said that I didn't like those things. But they aren't at the center of my life.^ M: What is at the center then?^ W: My friends, definitely.^ M: Why's that?^ W: Money is easily spent, and wealth can be lost, but my friends always stand by me, whenever I have trouble. I also learn a lot from them to become a better person.	u10_1.mp3	How do you define friendship? Are you a friend indeed to someone? Give examples.
10	2.1	Friends	W: I think it'd be nice if you would call up your old college friends to see what they're doing these days.^ M: I would like to, but I'm afraid that they're all doing better than I am. It'd be embarrassing.^ Q: How does the man feel about his old college friends?	u10_2.1_1.mp3		A) He thinks they may be very successful.	B) He thinks they may be embarrassed.	C) He thinks they may be afraid of him.	D) He thinks he may be doing better than them.	A
10	2.1		M: How would you like to drop by the football stadium and watch a game with me?^ W: Sorry. I already have plans. I'm taking a break from school to check out a new shop with a friend of mine. Maybe another day.^ Q: Where will the woman go?	u10_2.1_2.mp3		A) School.	B) A store.	C) A football game.	D) The stadium.	B
10	2.1		M: What do you think of Jennifer? I'm really into her and I think she'll make a good wife.^ W: I think you've moved kind of quickly with her. I mean, you were only friends a week ago. And now you're thinking about getting married? It's surprising.^ Q: What are the speakers talking about?	u10_2.1_3.mp3		A) Moving to a new place.	B) The man's girlfriend.	C) The woman's new relationship.	D) The man's marriage.	B
10	2.1		W: How was the reunion party? You must've had a lot to say to those people, since you haven't seen them in 20 years.^ M: I sure did! Everybody had exciting new jobs and had done so much. I was excited to see them again.^ Q: What are the speakers talking about?	u10_2.1_4.mp3		A) Getting a new job.	B) Helping friends.	C) Seeing old friends.	D) Going to a movie.	C
10	2.1		M: I feel sick to my stomach, just sitting around in this big city without any friends.^ W: You'd do well to get out and meet more people. Everyone needs companionship, you know. And you're not any different.^ Q: What can we learn from the conversation?	u10_2.1_5.mp3		A) The man is different from other people.	B) The woman meets more people.	C) The man has an upset stomach.	D) The man would feel better with friends.	D
10	2.1		W: Could you give me a few dollars so I could see a movie with friends?^ M: You're going out again? That makes three times this week! Friends are important, but I think you should concentrate more on your schoolwork.^ Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?	u10_2.1_6.mp3		A) The man thinks the woman should focus more on study.	B) The man thinks the woman should go out with friends.	C) The woman concentrates too much on her schoolwork.	D) The woman is very important to her friends.	A
10	2.1		M: So, you won't race me? Why not? I think a little competition would make us faster runners.^ W: Maybe. But I'm worried about what would happen to our friendship if we competed with each other. Things could get ugly.^ Q: What are the speakers talking about?	u10_2.1_7.mp3		A) Their ugly friendship.	B) The effects of competition on their friendship.	C) Friendly competition.	D) A friend who is a fast runner.	B
10	2.1		W: Don't tell me you're going to travel by yourself. Why don't you go with a friend?^ M: Oh, I will! I will! I wouldn't dream of traveling across Asia, or going anywhere, really, without a travel companion.^ Q: What are the speakers talking about?	u10_2.1_8.mp3		A) Traveling to Asia.	B) Going anywhere in Asia.	C) Dreaming of Asia.	D) Touring with a partner.	D
10	2.1		W: Did any of my friends call me? They were supposed to meet me for drinks tonight. But they never showed up.^ M: Sorry, hon. I've been here with our kids all day and the phone never rang once.^ Q: What is the relationship between the two speakers?	u10_2.1_9.mp3		A) Mother and son.	B) Father and daughter.	C) Husband and wife.	D) Boyfriend and girlfriend.	C
10	2.1		M: I like you, and your dad is cool, but it's your friends... I just can't take them!^ W: Sorry, sweetie. But if you want to stay with me, you've got to accept my friends. They're part of my life.^ Q: What is the relationship between the two speakers?	u10_2.1_10.mp3		A) Mother and son.	B) Father and daughter.	C) Husband and wife.	D) Boyfriend and girlfriend.	D
10	2.2	The Duty of a Friend	M: What's with the long face, sweetheart? You look like someone has died.^ W: Someone did die.^ M: Oh my goodness! I'm sorry.^ W: It's OK. You didn't know.^ M: Would you like to talk about it? Getting your feelings out might help.^ W: Yeah. All right.^ M: So who passed away?^ W: A childhood friend of mine, someone I've known for years.^ M: Well, people die. This is a fact of life, and you shouldn't feel so horrible about it.^ W: Right. I know. But the terrible thing is that I treated her badly. In fact, the last time we spoke, we had an argument. I guess I always felt resentful of her.^ M: That's why you fought?^ W: Stupid, huh?^ M: Yeah, I suppose.^ W: I was hoping you'd make me feel better about things. What's a boyfriend for?^ M: Friends, boyfriends included, can do more than improve a person's spirits. Do you think I should make you feel better, or should I listen to your problems and help you work out how you feel about them?^ W: I feel guilty.^ M: That's reasonable. And maybe this feeling will cause you to act differently toward your friends. Try not to be so resentful next time.	u10_2.2.mp3	1. What are the speakers talking about?	A) The man's understanding of the facts of life.	B) The woman's relationship with a deceased friend.	C) The resentful feeling between lovers.	D) The drawbacks of being emotional.	B
10	2.2				2. Why is the woman upset?	A) Because she is going to die.	B) Because the man is going to die.	C) Because a friend is going to die.	D) Because one of her friends has died.	D
10	2.2				3. According to the man, what might help the woman?	A) To stop feeling happy.	B) To avoid resentful people.	C) To talk about her feelings.	D) To have an argument.	C
10	2.2				4. What was the relationship between the woman and the person who passed away?	A) The person was her childhood friend.	B) The person was her boyfriend.	C) The person was her boyfriend's friend.	D) The person was her sister.	A
10	2.2				5. What can be inferred from the conversation?	A) Negative feelings can be beneficial.	B) Friends do not often improve our spirits.	C) A person shouldn't be resentful of friends.	D) The woman should actually feel guilty.	C
10	2.3	Get More Friends	Busy schedules often prevent us from getting together with our friends. But do you know that maintaining a group of half a dozen or so good friends is actually good for your health? It's true! People with a strong network of friends tend to live longer, according to an Australian study that followed 1,500 people older than the age of 70 for 10 years. The outcome showed that having a group of good friends is even more important to living longer than having close family ties. The study concluded that those who had a strong network of friends were 22 percent less likely to die at a younger age than those with fewer friends. Researchers suggest that this could be because friends can influence health behaviors, such as discouraging smoking and drinking, and also can affect a person's mood, self-worth, and ability to cope with a loss. So, if you don't have close friends, you might want to get some soon. And if you do, then you should be grateful for them.	u10_2.3.mp3	1. What is the speaker talking about?	A) The health benefits of having friends.	B) All the research that has been done on friends.	C) A group of friends in the Australian countryside.	D) How a sense of self-worth affects our mood.	A
10	2.3				2. What often keeps us from hanging out with friends?	A) Differences in opinions.	B) Family ties.	C) Busy schedules.	D) A habit of staying alone.	C
10	2.3				3. How many friends does the speaker suggest we have for maintaining our health?	A) Around 12.	B) Around 6.	C) Around 10.	D) Around 22.	B
10	2.3				4. What is the outcome of the Australian study?	A) Health is important to people.	B) Living longer is important to people.	C) Family ties are important to people.	D) Friends are important to a person's health.	D
10	2.3				5. What does the speaker suggest at the end for people having close friends?	A) Feel grateful for our friends.	B) Go out with friends more often.	C) Stop smoking and drinking.	D) Cope with a loss.	A
10	2.4	Friends Are Friends	Thomas Jefferson and James Madison met in 1776. Could it have been any other year? They worked together starting then to further the American Revolution and later to shape the new scheme of government. From their work sprang a friendship perhaps incomparable in intimacy and the trustfulness of collaboration and in duration. It lasted 50 years. It included pleasure and utility but over and above them, there were shared purpose, a common end and an enduring goodness on both sides. Four and a half months before he died, when he was ailing, debt-ridden, and worried about his impoverished family, Jefferson wrote to his longtime friend. His words and Madison's reply remind us that friends are friends until death. They also remind us that sometimes a friendship has a bearing on things larger than the friendship itself, for has there ever been a friendship of greater public consequence than this one?^ "The friendship which has subsisted between us now half a century, the harmony of our political principles and pursuits have been sources of constant happiness to me through that long period. It's also been a great solace to me to believe that you're engaged in vindicating to posterity the course that we've pursued for preserving to them, in all their purity, their blessings of self-government, which we had assisted in acquiring for them. If ever the earth has beheld a system of administration conducted with a single and steadfast eye to the general interest and happiness of those committed to it, one which, protected by truth, can never known reproach, it is that to which our lives have been devoted. To myself you have been a pillar of support through life. Take care of me when dead and be assured that I should leave with you my last affections."^ A week later Madison replied:^ "You cannot look back to the long period of our private friendship and political harmony with more affecting recollections than I do. If they are a source of pleasure to you, what aren't they not to be to me? We cannot be deprived of the happy consciousness of the pure devotion to the public good with which we discharge the trust committed to us, and I indulge a confidence that sufficient evidence will find in its way to another generation to ensure, after we are gone, whatever of justice may be withheld whilst we are here."	u10_2.4.mp3	When did Thomas Jefferson and James Madison meet?^How did Jefferson and Madison become friends?^How long did the friendship between Jefferson and Madison last?^When Jefferson wrote the letter to Madison, was he fine?^Besides their friendship, did Jefferson and Madison share same political values?	0^0^0^0^0				In 1776.^They worked together for the same goal.^Fifty years.^No, he was ailing.^Yes, they did.
10	2.5	Things We Can Learn from the Aliens	Darkness falls and hundreds of scientists watch the night sky. But they aren't looking for the stars or the changing weather patterns. No, they're looking for UFOs, spaceships from outer space that are piloted by aliens. And while many people consider such an activity a waste of time, these scientists believe that they are doing important work.^ Why do they think so? Scientists hope that they can discover UFOs and make friends with the mysterious figures that pilot them. If UFOs do exist, and they are in fact soaring across our sky, there are many things we can learn from the aliens that fly them. For example, there is the possibility that aliens could teach us methods for achieving peace in our world. Never again would we have to worry about war. There is also the chance that aliens could teach us new technologies that we could use to improve communication, travel, and more. Finally, aliens may also be able to teach us how to cure people of terrible diseases like AIDS.^ The possible benefits of discovering aliens make the work of UFO researchers worthwhile.	u10_2.5.mp3	1^1^1	0^0^0		Things we can learn from making friends with aliens		We can learn methods for achieving peace.^We can learn new technologies.^We can learn how to cure terrible diseases.
10	2.6	Smooth Operator	Diamond life, lover boy^ He moves in space with minimum waste and maximum joy^ City lights and business nights^ When you require streetcar desire for higher heights^^ No place for beginners or sensitive hearts^ When sentiment is left to chance^ No place to be ending but somewhere to start^^ No need to ask^ He's a smooth operator^ Smooth operator, smooth operator^ Smooth operator^^ Coast to coast, LA to Chicago, western male^ Across the north and south, to Key Largo, love for sale^^ Face to face, each classic case^ We shadow box and double cross^ Yet need the chase^^ A license to love, insurance to hold^ Melts all your memories and change into gold^ His eyes are like angels but his heart is cold^^ No need to ask^ He's a smooth operator^ Smooth operator, smooth operator^ Smooth operator^^ Coast to coast, LA to Chicago, western male^ Across the north and south, to Key Largo, love for sale^^ Smooth operator...	u10_2.6.mp3
10	3.1	Time	A: I've heard you are going to America tomorrow. I want to see you off at the airport.^ B: Thanks a lot. I really appreciate it.^ A: When are you leaving?^ B: 1:00 p.m. But I'm to check in at 11:20 a.m.^ A: Then I'll see you at the airport at 11:00 a.m.
10	3.1		A: What's the time?^ B: It's something like 11:30.^ A: I'm not sure that I should bring it up, but you keep the light on a bit late at night and I feel it very difficult to fall asleep.^ B: I'm sorry, but I do need to study. I have an important examination next week.^ A: Well, I know, but do you think you could be a good friend and turn it off at about 11 o'clock?
10	3.1		A: When does supper begin?^ B: At 6:00 p.m.^ A: It's only 5:10. We still have 50 minutes to go.^ B: Does your watch keep good time?^ A: I believe so. Oh, no. It seems to be 10 minutes slow.
10	3.1	Duration	A: Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest post office?^ B: Go down this road and turn left at the second turning. The post office is next to the cinema.^ A: Thank you very much. How long will it take to walk there?^ B: About 15 minutes.^ A: Thanks a lot.^ B: My pleasure.
10	3.1		A: Hi, Sarah. How nice to run into you like this!^ B: Hi, John. Glad to see you, too. It's been almost 10 years since we last met. How's everything?^ A: Fine. What do you do?^ B: I have been working with a consulting company for eight years, more or less.^ A: Shall we have a drink?^ B: That would be nice. I'd like to have a good talk.
10	3.1		A: Susan, there is a new movie out based on one of Stephen King's novels. Want to see it tonight?^ B: I'd like to, but I'll be very busy tonight. I guess it'll take me about four solid hours to write my paper on economics. How about tomorrow?^ A: All right. I'll call you tomorrow afternoon. B: OK.
10	3.2	Summarize a Passage: Things We Can Learn from the Aliens	Darkness falls and hundreds of scientists watch the night sky. But they aren't looking for the stars or the changing weather patterns. No, they're looking for UFOs, spaceships from outer space that are piloted by aliens. And while many people consider such an activity a waste of time, these scientists believe that they are doing important work.^ Why do they think so? Scientists hope that they can discover UFOs and make friends with the mysterious figures that pilot them. If UFOs do exist, and they are in fact soaring across our sky, there are many things we can learn from the aliens that fly them. For example, there is the possibility that aliens could teach us methods for achieving peace in our world. Never again would we have to worry about war. There is also the chance that aliens could teach us new technologies that we could use to improve communication, travel, and more. Finally, aliens may also be able to teach us how to cure people of terrible diseases like AIDS.^ The possible benefits of discovering aliens make the work of UFO researchers worthwhile.	u10_2.5.mp3		There are many things we can learn from making friends with aliens.^The author thinks that the possible benefits of making friends with aliens justify people's continued search for UFOs.
10	3.3	Friend, Help Me!	A: Joe, why do you look so distressed?^ B: Well, I just lost my bicycle, again! It's the fifth one that I've lost in two years!^ A: My goodness! That's something to let one down. Bicycle theft is so common on campus nowadays.^ B: You're telling me. I just can't bear it anymore. Can you do me a favor?^ A: Sure.^ B: I want to get a bike for free tonight. I'd like you to give me a hand.^ A: What? You mean to steal one?^ B: Shh... calm down. I don't think it's fair for me to keep buying one bike after another while someone else gets them free from me. Now it's my turn for a free lunch.^ A: But it's wrong!^ B: Come on. Be a friend.^ A: A friend would keep you on the right path. I won't do it tonight, and neither will you.	u10_3.3.mp3	Should one help his or her friend do something illegal? What are the limits of friendship?	Friendship is an important topic that requires serious thought. Definitely, there are some limits on what we should do for our friends. We should not help our friends to do something illegal. A friend, instead, is someone who would encourage a person to act lawfully. By doing so, we are keeping our friends out of trouble. If we accompany our friends in a wrong-doing, we hurt ourselves. Helping someone do something illegal does not sound like real friendship at all.
10	4.1	Friendship across Different Cultures	Hi, this is Betsy from Hong Kong, and I'm talking to you about friendship. Um, all my, uh, best friends are, you know, I have a group of girl friends that I love and that I hang out all the time. Um, all these friends, most of them are, uh, school friends or people that I met from work, uh, co-workers and what we do is you almost every week we see each other like three or four times, at least, and then we go out to eat, to go to shop, and then we talk on the phone, you know, these are the people that I can tell all my darkest secrets to, and they're almost like family, you know, even though sometimes we're so busy and don't get to see each other, or you know, maybe some of them have boyfriends or, um, but every time when we see each other it's like, after a long time of separation, we're still like families. So, I love my girl friends, they're the best.^ Hi, I'm Farben from Germany. I want to talk about the friend. What makes a good friend? Well that's a very difficult question. For myself, well, I like friends who are open, who I can talk about everything. I don't have to be afraid they will look at me strange and think like, "wow, how can this happen to you?" or whatever. I think this would make me think maybe he's not that kind of good friend. Because if he's a good friend he would take me the way I am and never wonder what I'm doing or what I'm thinking. So, well, I think there are some cultural differences, of course. For example, when I think about Germany, you can meet people easily. But to really know you have a good friend, well, it takes some time. Maybe in other societies it's faster. You can meet some people just for once or twice in your life and you already know, well, this is a good friend. I'm not so sure. You have to really know it by yourself. And you really maybe have to be in some kind of difficult situations to really know which of your friends is a really good friend that you can trust on, and which one is maybe, well, just the average friend, who you can talk to but who's not really helping you when you are in trouble.^ Hi, my name is Terry. I'm from the state of Indiana in the U.S. And I'm talking about a friend indeed. I'd just like to compare the perception of friendship on television and movies versus real life. Straight up, on TV, friendship is just for entertainment purposes and only this deep, very shallow. Friendship in real life is the only real friendship. And for an example, uh, I've been living apart from some old friends for about fifteen years. Everyone's come back together for a wedding. Of course, this is a good thing to bring everyone together. And, the first night I hooked up with my friends after fifteen years, I was a little nervous, 'cause I wasn't sure, what's changed? A lot of time has past between us. As soon as I sat on the couch, we picked up as if we just left off. Didn't matter how far back in time things were. We're still really friends.^ Hi, my name is Andrew and I come from Canada. Now what I'm gonna talk to you about now is friends and friendships across different cultures. Now, coming from Canada, I have my own ideas about how friendships should be run. But I do live, now, in China, and there are some differences between the two cultures when it comes to friendships. For example, in Canada, uh, your workmates and your friends are usually separate, I mean, sometimes you might meet some people from work that you enjoy spending time with, and that's great. But, it's not something that you're obliged to do. Whereas in Chinese culture it seems that the people that you work with are almost certainly your friends. You go out together, go to the movies together, go to eat together. This is something very different. Sometimes we like to keep a distance between work and pleasure in our society in Canada. I think this is true of most countries in the west as well. So, I had to get over that when I first moved to China.							Betsy02.jpg^Farban.jpg^Terry.jpg^Andrew.jpg
10	4.2				Betsy: Good friends are like family and you can share your darkest secrets with them. Farban: In Germany, you can judge whether one is a good friend after once or twice you meet them. Terry: Friendship in real life and friendship on TV are different. The former is shallow while the latter is real. Andrew: In Canada, people like going to movies and eating out together with their workmates in order to show their friendship.	T F F F				Betsy021.jpg^Farban1.jpg^Terry1.jpg^Andrew1.jpg
10	4.3
10	5.1	Practice with Your Teammates	W: No! No! No! You're holding your bat all wrong. Here, keep your hands down lower, like this. And keep your elbows up. OK. Now, swing.^ M: How's this?^ W: Not bad. Now, try it when I throw the ball to you. Ready?^ M: Yeah.^ W: Here it comes!^ M: Umph! Damn it!^ W: Watch your language!^ M: Sorry. But you've been coaching me all the week, and I'm still not hitting the ball.^ W: This takes time. Be patient! While I'm working with someone else, I want you to practice with some of your teammates over there. OK?^ M: Those guys?^ W: Is there a problem with that?^ M: They don't like me around. They say that my awful playing is dragging them down. ^ W: That's foolish. Go make friends with them. You are on the same baseball team, which means you should help each other. Besides, tutoring is a wonderful way to remember and practice what one has learned. If one offers to help you practice, you'll both improve. Tell them this.^ M: I will, but I don't think it'll do any good.^ W: Then tell them to work with you, or I'll remove them from the team. That'll definitely get them moving!^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.^ 1. What are the speakers doing?^ 2. How do the other players feel about the man?^ 3. How will the woman punish those who won't practice with the man?^ 4. What can be inferred from the conversation?^ 5. What is the relationship between the two speakers?	u10_5.1.mp3		Q1: What are the speakers doing? Ans: C Q2: How do the other players feel about the man? Ans: A Q3: How will the woman punish those who won't practice with the man? Ans: B Q4: What can be inferred from the conversation? Ans: D Q5: What is the relationship between the two speakers? Ans: B
10	5.2	Ways of Dealing with Cancer	During the last year, 40,490 people died from breast cancer, 162,460 from lung cancer, 55,170 from colon cancer, and 27,530 from prostate cancer. And, since there are many other types of cancer, this picture is incomplete. Cancer is a terrible disease for which there is no sure cure. There are, however, things that can help. As someone who has nursed cancer survivors back to health, I'd like to say a few things.^ For most kinds of cancer, surgery remains the primary treatment. It is most effective if the cancer is diagnosed before it spreads. If the cancer has spread, surgery is often replaced by or followed by radiation therapy. Radiation is usually done with X rays and gamma rays.^ Social support from friends has also proven to be helpful. One study found that women with breast cancer lived longer over a seven-year period and had less chance of contracting it again if they had a large group of friends who offered support. The study found for those who could discuss their problems with a group of friends, their diseases progressed at a significantly slower rate.^^ Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.^ 1. What is the speaker talking about?^ 2. How many people died last year because of breast cancer?^ 3. What is the best way of dealing with cancer before it spreads?^ 4. What does the speaker imply?^ 5. What does the speaker do?	u10_5.2.mp3		Q1: What is the speaker talking about? Ans: D Q2: How many people died last year because of breast cancer? Ans: A Q3: What is the best way of dealing with cancer before it spreads? Ans: A Q4: What does the speaker imply? Ans: D Q5: What does the speaker do? Ans: B
10	5.3	Red Tides and Environmental Protection	Red tides are unknown to most people, but they are a great concern. Red tides are natural disasters involving the buildup of tiny organisms in the ocean. Red tide organisms feed off untreated wastes dumped into the water. In the past, red tides were rare occurrences, but now they are no longer so uncommon. Because of more and more dumping in the oceans, red tides are on the increase. Another cause is ocean agriculture. The farming done in oceans has encouraged a good environment for red tide organisms to grow.^ State administrations that observe the oceans claim there were 28 red tides in China's waters in the year 2000. One big concern is that people and other animal species may be badly affected. In the past 10 years, human deaths attributed to red tides have increased.^ Some things have been done to address this problem. Firstly, the Marine Environmental Protection Law, which took effect on April 1, 2000, has been revised, in an effort to raise the public's awareness of environmental protection. Secondly, law-enforcing departments are making greater efforts to punish enterprises that drain untreated wastes into the rivers and the oceans. This year, the authorities closed 17 enterprises, large and small.	u10_5.3.mp3		1) organisms 2) untreated 3) occurrences 4) agriculture 5) encouraged 6) administrations 7) attributed 8) Some things have been done to address this problem 9) in an effort to raise the public's awareness of environmental protection 10) to punish enterprises that drain untreated wastes into the rivers and the oceans
10	5.4	Imitate the Speaker	All these changes will lead to a stronger, more confident China, a China that can astonish and enrich the world, a China that your generation will help create. This is one of the most exciting times in the history of your country, a time when even the grandest hopes seem within your reach. My nation offers you our respect and our friendship.^ Six years from now, athletes from America and around the world will come to your country for the Olympic games. And I am confident they will find a China that is becoming a da guo, a leading nation, at peace with its people and at peace with the world.^^ From President Bush's "Remarks at Tsinghua University"	u10_5.4.mp3