mysql 遍历所有的库并根据表和sql语句备份

建库、用户语句

create database test_hb;
create user ' test_hb'@'%' identified by '123456';
grant all privileges on  test_hb.* to ' test_hb'@'%';
grant all privileges on  test_hb.* to  test_hb@localhost identified by '123456';
flush privileges;

备份脚本

#!/bin/sh

# $Id: mysql_backup 

# define restricted path
PATH="/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/mysql3306/bin"


# adirname - return absolute dirname of given file
adirname() { odir=`pwd`; cd `dirname $1`; pwd; cd "${odir}"; }


# ---------
# constants
# ---------
MYNAM=`basename "$0"`
MYDIR=`adirname "$0"`
MYTMP="${MYDIR}/tmp"
MYLCK="${MYTMP}/${MYNAM}.lock"

MYPRG="/usr/local/mysql3306/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456 -P 3306 -h 127.0.0.1 --local-infile=1 -Bse"		# mysql client
MYDMP="/usr/local/mysql3306/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -P 3306 -h 127.0.0.1 -Q -R -v --opt"	# mysqldump
ROTATE=`date +%d`
MYBAK="/home/backup/mysql/${ROTATE}"		# destination dir
DT=""


# ---------
# functions
# ---------

message() { echo "$@"; }		# message - output message on stdout
error() { echo "$@" >&2; }		# error - output message on stderr
die() { error "$@"; exit 1; }		# die - output message on stderr and exit

usage() {
	error "Usage: ${MYNAM} <options>"
	error ""
	error "Available options:"
	error ""
	error "  -h              This help screen"
	error ""
	error "  -q              suppress non-error messages"
	error "  -d db1,db2,...  To dump several databases."
	error "  -t              File name with datetime"
	error "  -p path         Dump to the directory"

	die
}

# parse command line options
while getopts d:p:hqt opt; do
	case "${opt}" in
		q)
			V='-q'
		;;
		t)
			DT=".`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`"
		;;
		p)
			DP=${OPTARG}
		;;
		d)
			DBS=(${OPTARG//,/ })
		;;
		h)
			usage
		;;
		*)
			usage
		;;
	esac
done

[ -n "${DP}" ] && MYBAK="${DP}"

if [ ! -d ${MYTMP} ] ; then
  mkdir -p ${MYTMP}
fi

if [ ! -d ${MYBAK} ] ; then
  mkdir -p ${MYBAK}
fi


# ----
# main
# ----

# perform some locking (as good as it gets in a shell)
[ -s "${MYLCK}" ] && kill -0 `cat "${MYLCK}"` 2>/dev/null &&
        die "${MYNAM}: already running!"
echo "$$" > "${MYLCK}"

# get list of databases
mydbs=""
if [ "x$DBS" == "x" ] ; then
  mydbs=`${MYPRG} "SHOW DATABASES"`
  [ -z "${mydbs}" ] && die "${MYNAM}: unable to get list of databases."
else
  S=0
  E=${#DBS[@]}
  while [ ${S} -lt ${E} ]
  do
    mydb=`${MYPRG} "SHOW DATABASES like "${DBS[${S}]}""`
    if [ -z "${mydb}" ] ; then 
	DBS[${S}]=""
    else
	mydbs=${mydbs}" "${mydb}
    fi
    S=`expr ${S} + 1`
  done
fi

# process databases
for db in ${mydbs}; do

	# skip special database(s)
	[ "$db" == "information_schema" ] && continue
	[ "$db" == "test" ] && continue
	[ "$db" == "car_source" ] && continue

	# verbose?
	[ "$V" == "-q" ] || echo "Processing database ${db}..."
	[ "$V" == "-q" ] || echo

	# make dir
	mkdir -p "${MYBAK}/${db}"

	${MYDMP} "${db}" 2>"${MYBAK}/${db}/${db}${DT}.log" | gzip > "${MYBAK}/${db}/${db}${DT}.sql.gz"

	# get list of tables
	mytbs=`${MYPRG} "SHOW TABLES FROM \\`${db}\\`"`
	[ -z "${mytbs}" ] && message "${MYNAM}: unable to get list of tables for ${db}."

	# process tables
	for tb in ${mytbs}; do
#		MYTIME=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`
		[ "$V" == "-q" ] || echo "Processing ${db}.${tb}..."

		[ "$V" == "-q" ] || echo "- Dumping..."
		${MYDMP} "${db}" "${tb}" 2>"${MYBAK}/${db}/${db}.${tb}${DT}.log" | gzip > "${MYBAK}/${db}/${db}.${tb}${DT}.sql.gz"

		[ "$V" == "-q" ] || echo "- Checking..."
		${MYPRG} "CHECK TABLE \`${db}\`.\`${tb}\`" | egrep "[^:alnum:._-]error[^:alnum:._-]" |
			grep -v "doesn't support check"

		[ "$V" == "-q" ] || echo "- Analyzing..."
		${MYPRG} "ANALYZE LOCAL TABLE \`${db}\`.\`${tb}\`" > /dev/null

		[ "$V" == "-q" ] || echo "- Optimizing..."
		${MYPRG} "OPTIMIZE LOCAL TABLE \`${db}\`.\`${tb}\`" > /dev/null

		[ "$V" == "-q" ] || echo
	done

	# verbose?
	[ "$V" == "-q" ] || echo

done


# cleanup
touch -t `/bin/date --date "3 days ago" "+%Y%m%d%H%M"` /dev/shm/${MYNAM}.start
find /home/backup/mysql/ ! -newer /dev/shm/${MYNAM}.start -type f -exec rm {} ;
find /home/backup/mysql/ -type d -empty -print0 | xargs -0 -n 100 rm -rf &> /dev/null

还原数据库时，到备份目录找到最新的备份。dataname.sql.gz 结尾

zcat dataname.sql.gz|mysql -uroot -p123456 dataname