linux下mysql 5.7.18安装教程

1、新建用户和组

groupadd -g 500 mysql
useradd -g 500 -u 500 -d /dev/null -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql

2、下载

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/
mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql-5.7.18
ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.18 /usr/local/mysql
cd mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql *

3、新建数据目录和日志目录

日志目录：
mkdir -p /home/logs/mysql 
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/logs/mysql
数据目录：
mkdir -p /home/mysql/mysql3306
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/mysql/mysql3306

4、初始化数据库

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/home/mysql/mysql3306 --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

输出内容如下：

重点是最后一行的root密码

2020-04-13T13:51:35.964708Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-04-13T13:51:36.068639Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-04-13T13:51:36.124853Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e43c70cd-7d8d-11ea-b8ba-00163e328f78.
2020-04-13T13:51:36.125628Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-04-13T13:51:36.126152Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: b5J6)&&f;dJN

5、修改my.cnf配置文件

# more /etc/my.cnf 
[mysqld]
datadir=/home/mysql/mysql3306
socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/home/logs/mysql/mysqld3306.log
pid-file=/home/mysql/mysql3306/mysqld3306.pid

6、启动mysql并登陆数据库修改root密码

启动mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
登陆mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
输入4中的输出密码“b5J6)&&f;dJN”
SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('your_new_password');
flush privileges;
exit

7、配置mysql开机自启动，并使用新密码登陆

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
输入新的密码登陆成功。

8、验证mysqld服务是否启停正常

service mysqld status
service mysqld start
service mysqld stop
service mysqld restart