AngularJS实现表单手动验证和表单自动验证

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AngularJS实现表单手动验证和表单自动验证

AngularJS的表单验证大致有两种，一种是手动验证，一种是自动验证。
一、手动验证
所谓手动验证是通过AngularJS表单的属性来验证。而成为AngularJS表单必须满足两个条件：

1、给form元素加上novalidate="novalidate"；

2、给form元素加上name="theForm"，如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en" ng-app="myApp1">

<head>

<meta charset="UTF-8">

<title></title>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="../node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"/>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/main.css"/>

</head>

<body>

<nav >

<div class="container">

  <div class="navbar-header">

   <a href="/" class="navbar-brand">Form Submitting</a>

  </div>

</div>

</nav>



<div class="container main-content" ng-controller="myCtrl1">





<form ng-submit="onSubmit(theForm.$valid)" novalidate="novalidate" name="theForm">

  <div class="form-group">

   <label for="name">Name</label>

   <input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" ng-model="formModel.name"/>

  </div>



  <div class="form-group" ng-class="{

   'has-error': !theForm.email.$valid && (!theForm.$pristine || theForm.$submitted),

   'has-success': theForm.email.$valid && (!theForm.$pristine || theForm.$submitted)

   }">

   <label for="email">Email</label>

   <input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" ng-model="formModel.email" required="required" name="email"/>

   <p class="help-block" ng-show="theForm.email.$error.required && (!theForm.$pristine || theForm.$submitted)">必填</p>

   <p class="help-block" ng-show="theForm.email.$error.email && (!theForm.$pristine || theForm.$submitted)">email格式不正确</p>

  </div>



  <div class="form-group">

   <label for="username">Username</label>

   <input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" ng-model="formModel.username"/>

  </div>



  <div class="form-group">

   <label for="age">Age</label>

   <input type="number" class="form-control" id="age" ng-model="formModel.age"/>

  </div>



  <div class="form-group">

   <label for="sex">Sex</label>

   <select name="sex" id="sex" class="form-control" ng-model="formModel.sex">

    <option value="">Please choose</option>

    <option value="male">Mail</option>

    <option value="femail">Femail</option>

   </select>

  </div>



  <div class="form-group">

   <label for="password">Password</label>

   <input type="text" class="form-control" id="password" ng-model="formModel.password"/>

  </div>



  <div class="form-group">

   <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Register</button>

  </div>



   <pre>

    {{theForm | json}}

   </pre>

</form>

</div>

<script src="../node_modules/angular/angular.min.js"></script>

<script src="second.js"></script>

</body>

</html>

● 给form加上novalidate="novalidate"意味着表单将不再使用HTML5验证特性
● 给form加上name="theForm"意味着表单的名称是theForm。如何使用theForm,比如我们验证表单是否被修改过theForm.$submitted
● 通过ng-submit提交表单
● formModel是$scope中的一个属性
● 对表单的Email进行了手动验证，使用了AngularJS表单的众多属性，比如theForm.email.$valid，theForm.$pristine，theForm.$submitted， theForm.email.$error.required，theForm.email.$error.email
● 通过<pre>{{theForm | json}}</pre>把AngularJS表单的所有属性都打印出来

{

"$error": {

  "required": [

   {

    "$validators": {},

    "$asyncValidators": {},

    "$parsers": [],

    "$formatters": [

     null

    ],

    "$viewChangeListeners": [],

    "$untouched": true,

    "$touched": false,

    "$pristine": true,

    "$dirty": false,

    "$valid": false,

    "$invalid": true,

    "$error": {

     "required": true

    },

    "$name": "email",

    "$options": null

   }

  ]

},

"$name": "theForm",

"$dirty": false,

"$pristine": true,

"$valid": false,

"$invalid": true,

"$submitted": false,

"email": {

  "$validators": {},

  "$asyncValidators": {},

  "$parsers": [],

  "$formatters": [

   null

  ],

  "$viewChangeListeners": [],

  "$untouched": true,

  "$touched": false,

  "$pristine": true,

  "$dirty": false,

  "$valid": false,

  "$invalid": true,

  "$error": {

   "required": true

  },

  "$name": "email",

  "$options": null

},

"sex": {

  "$validators": {},

  "$asyncValidators": {},

  "$parsers": [],

  "$formatters": [],

  "$viewChangeListeners": [],

  "$untouched": true,

  "$touched": false,

  "$pristine": true,

  "$dirty": false,

  "$valid": true,

  "$invalid": false,

  "$error": {},

  "$name": "sex",

  "$options": null

}

}

以上，凡是有name属性的input都被显示在上面。
在second.js文件中定义了module,controller以及提交表单的方法。

var myApp1 = angular.module('myApp1',[]);



myApp1.controller('myCtrl1', function($scope, $http){

  $scope.formModel = {};



  $scope.onSubmit = function(){

    $http.post('someurl',$scope.formModel)

      .success(function(data){

        console.log(':)');

      })

      .error(function(data){

        console.log(':(');

      });



    console.log($scope.formModel);

  };

});

以上的表单验证方式好处是可控性强，但相对繁琐。
二、自动验证
AngularJS的另外一种表单验证方式是自动验证，即通过directive来实现，除了AngularJS自带的directive,还需要用到angular-auto-validate这个第三方module。
有关angular-auto-validate：
● 安装：npm i angular-auto-validate
● 引用：<script src="../node_modules/angular-auto-validate/dist/jcs-auto-validate.min.js"></script>
● module依赖：var myApp = angular.module("app", ["jcs-autoValidate"]);
为了实现错误信息本地化，还需要angular-localize这个第三方module：
● 安装：npm install angular-localize --save
● module依赖：var myApp = angular.module("app", ["localize"]);

● 引用：

<script src="../node_modules/angular-sanitize/angular-sanitize.min.js"></script>

<script src="../node_modules/angular-localize/angular-localize.min.js"></script>

此外，当点击提交表单按钮，需要禁用按钮并显示一种等待效果，需要用到angular-ladda这个第三方module:

● 安装：bower install angular-ladda --save
● module依赖：var myApp = angular.module("app", ["angular-ladda"]);
● 引用：

<link rel="stylesheet" href="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda-themeless.min.css"/>

<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/spin.min.js"></script>

<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda.min.js"></script>

<script src="../bower_components/angular-ladda/dist/angular-ladda.min.js"></script>

页面如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en" ng-app="myApp1">

<head>

<meta charset="gb2312">

<title></title>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="../node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"/>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda-themeless.min.css"/>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/main.css"/>

</head>

<body>

<nav >

<div class="container">

  <div class="navbar-header">

   <a href="/" class="navbar-brand">Form Validating Auto</a>

  </div>

</div>

</nav>



<div class="container main-content" ng-controller="myCtrl1">





<form ng-submit="onSubmit()" novalidate="novalidate">

  <div class="form-group">

   <label for="name" class="control-label">Name</label>

   <input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" ng-model="formModel.name" required="required"/>

  </div>



  <div class="form-group">

   <label for="email" class="control-label">Email</label>

   <input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" ng-model="formModel.email" required="required"/>



  </div>



  <div class="form-group">

   <label for="username" class="control-label">Username</label>

   <input type="text"

       class="form-control"

       id="username"

       ng-model="formModel.username"

       required="required"

       ng-pattern="/^[A-Za-z0-9_]{1,32}$/"

       ng-minlength="7"

       ng-pattern-err-type="badUsername"

    />

  </div>



  <div class="form-group">

   <label for="age" class="control-label">Age</label>

   <input type="number"

       class="form-control"

       id="age"

       ng-model="formModel.age"

       required="required"

       min="18"

       max="65"

       ng-min-err-type="tooYoung"

       ng-max-err-type="tooOld"

    />

  </div>



  <div class="form-group">

   <label for="sex" class="control-label">Sex</label>

   <select name="sex" id="sex" class="form-control" ng-model="formModel.sex" required="required">

    <option value="">Please choose</option>

    <option value="male">Mail</option>

    <option value="femail">Femail</option>

   </select>

  </div>



  <div class="form-group">

   <label for="password" class="control-label">Password</label>

   <input type="text" class="form-control" id="password" ng-model="formModel.password" required="required" ng-minlength="6"/>

  </div>



  <div class="form-group">

   

   <button class="btn btn-primary"

       ladda = "submitting"

       data-style="expand-right"

       type="submit">

    <span ng-show="submitting">正在注册...</span>

    <span ng-show="!submitting">注册</span>

   </button>

  </div>



   <pre>

    {{formModel | json}}

   </pre>

</form>

</div>

<script src="../node_modules/angular/angular.min.js"></script>



<script src="form_validation_auto.js"></script>

<script src="../node_modules/angular-auto-validate/dist/jcs-auto-validate.min.js"></script>

<script src="../node_modules/angular-sanitize/angular-sanitize.min.js"></script>

<script src="../node_modules/angular-localize/angular-localize.min.js"></script>



<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/spin.min.js"></script>

<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda.min.js"></script>

<script src="../bower_components/angular-ladda/dist/angular-ladda.min.js"></script>

以上，先看提交按钮：

<div >



<button class="btn btn-primary"

     ladda = "submitting"

     data-style="expand-right"

     type="submit">

  <span ng-show="submitting">正在注册...</span>

  <span ng-show="!submitting">注册</span>

</button>

</div>

● ladda属性值为bool值，true表示显示动态等待效果，false不显示动态等待效果，这里的submitting是scope中的一个属性
● data-style="expand-right"表示在按钮的右侧显示动态等待效果

再拿表单中的Age字段来说：

<div >

<label for="age" class="control-label">Age</label>

<input type="number"

     class="form-control"

     id="age"

     ng-model="formModel.age"

     required="required"

     min="18"

     max="65"

     ng-min-err-type="tooYoung"

     ng-max-err-type="tooOld"

  />

</div>

其中,min, max为AgularJS的directive,而ng-min-err-type是angular-auto-validate的directive。这里遵循的惯例是ng-AngularJS表单验证的directive名称-err-type，而tooYoung和tooOld的作用是什么，又是在哪里用上了呢？
是在module层面用上了，定义在了form_validation_auto.js文件中。

var myApp1 = angular.module('myApp1',['jcs-autoValidate','localize','angular-ladda']);



myApp1.run(function(defaultErrorMessageResolver){

  defaultErrorMessageResolver.getErrorMessages().then(function(errorMessages){

    errorMessages['tooYoung'] = '年龄必须小于{0}';

    errorMessages['tooOld'] = '年龄不能大于{0}';

    errorMessages['badUsername'] = '用户名只能包含数字、字母或下划线';

  });

});



myApp1.controller('myCtrl1', function($scope, $http){

  $scope.formModel = {};

  $scope.submitting = false;



  $scope.onSubmit = function(){



    $scope.submitting = true;

    console.log('已提交');

    console.log($scope.formModel);



    $http.post('url',$scope.formModel)

      .success(function(data){

        console.log(':)');

        $scope.submitting = false;

      })

      .error(function(data){

        console.log(':(');

        $scope.submitting = false;

      });

  };

});

以上，在run方法中使用angular-auto-validate的defaultErrorMessageResolver服务，对错误信息进行为了自定义。

页面上的tooYoung和tooOld和这里的errorMessages['tooYoung']和errorMessages['badUsername']对应。

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/yaleizhou/p/6266653.html