Hive常用命令

quit和exit命令

[root@bd2 bin]# hive
WARNING: Use "yarn jar" to launch YARN applications.
hive> quit;
[root@bd2 bin]# hive
WARNING: Use "yarn jar" to launch YARN applications.
hive> exit;

reset命令

hive> reset;
hive> 

重置配置参数到默认的值，在hive控制台中，使用set命令或者-hiveconf设置的配置参数将会恢复到默认值。

reset命令并不应用在set命令中使用hiveconf:作为前缀的key名称

set命令

hive> set id = 1;
hive> select * from employee where id = ${hiveconf:id};
OK
Time taken: 0.124 seconds
hive> set id = 16;
hive> select * from employee where id = ${hiveconf:id};
OK
16    john    4000    USA
Time taken: 0.104 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive> set id;
id=16
hive> select ${hiveconf:id};
OK
16
Time taken: 0.197 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

 Add命令

Added [/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar] to class path
Added resources: [/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar]
hive> list jar;
/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
hive> list jars;
/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
hive> delete jars;
Deleted [/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar] from class path
hive> list jars;

List命令

hive> add jar /home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar;
Added [/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar] to class path
Added resources: [/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar]
hive> add file /home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar;
Added resources: [/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar]
hive> add archive /home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar;
Added resources: [/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar]
hive> list jars;
/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
hive> list files;
/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
hive> list archives;
/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

 Delete命令

hive> delete jar;
Deleted [/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar] from class path
hive> delete file;
hive> list files;
hive> list archives;
/home/hive/dufengHive-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
hive> delete archives;
hive> list archives;

 Shell命令

hive> !ls -l;
total 52
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1154 Apr 25  2016 beeline
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1031 Apr 22  2016 beeline.distro
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Sep 13 10:35 ext
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  675 Apr 25  2016 hcat
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1151 Apr 25  2016 hive
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1900 Apr 22  2016 hive-config.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8022 Apr 22  2016 hive.distro
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1158 Apr 25  2016 hiveserver2
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  885 Apr 22  2016 hiveserver2.distro
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3064 Apr 22  2016 init-hive-dfs.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  832 Apr 22  2016 metatool
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  884 Apr 22  2016 schematool

DFS命令

hive> dfs -ls /yandufeng;
Found 6 items
drwxr-xr-x   - hive hive          0 2017-02-23 05:48 /yandufeng/date_partition
drwxr-xr-x   - hive hive          0 2017-02-23 06:14 /yandufeng/employee
drwxr-xr-x   - hive hive          0 2017-02-23 02:46 /yandufeng/external_weather
-rw-r--r--   3 root root         31 2016-11-27 05:23 /yandufeng/moving_data_to_hive.csv
drwxr-xr-x   - hive hive          0 2017-02-23 03:09 /yandufeng/partition_table
drwxr-xr-x   - hive hive          0 2017-02-23 06:43 /yandufeng/structured_table

 查询命令

hive> select * from employee limit 5;
OK
16    john    4000    USA
17    robert    2000    USA
18    andrew    4000    USA
19    katty    2000    USA
27    edward    4000    UK
Time taken: 0.095 seconds, Fetched: 5 row(s)

执行脚本命令

hive> source /home/hive/query.hql;
OK
16    john    4000    USA
17    robert    2000    USA
18    andrew    4000    USA
19    katty    2000    USA
27    edward    4000    UK
29    alan    3000    UK
31    kerry    4000    UK
34    tom    3000    UK
35    zack    2000    UK
Time taken: 0.155 seconds, Fetched: 9 row(s)

 查看列级别的统计信息

1. analyze table <tablename> compute statistics for columns;
2. describe formatted <tablename>.<columnname>;