1 Django models 获取数据的三种方式：
实践：
viwes
def business(request):
v1 = models.Business.objects.all()
v2 = models.Business.objects.all().values('id','caption')
v3 = models.Business.objects.all().values_list('id','caption')
return render(request,'business.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3})
models
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Business(models.Model):
# id
caption = models.CharField(max_length=32)
code = models.CharField(max_length=32,null=True,default="SA")
class Host(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
hostname = models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True)
ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol="ipv4",db_index=True)
port = models.IntegerField()
b = models.ForeignKey(to="Business", to_field='id')
urls
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from user_manage import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^helloworld/$', views.helloword),
url(r'^bussiness/$', views.business),
]
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>业务线列表(对象)</h1>
<ul>
{% for row in v1 %}
<li>{{ row.id }} - {{ row.caption }} -{{ row.code }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<h1>业务线列表(字典)</h1>
<ul>
{% for row in v2 %}
<li>{{ row.id }} - {{ row.caption }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<h1>业务线列表(元组)</h1>
<ul>
{% for row in v3 %}
<li>{{ row.0 }} - {{ row.1 }} </li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
</body>
</html>
执行生成表结构：
manage.py makemigrations
manage.py migrate
db 手动添加
效果：
隐藏一些不需要用户看到的的id
连表操作：
实践：
views：
def host(request):
v1 = models.Host.objects.all()
for row in v1:
print(row.nid,row.hostname,row.ip,row.port,row.b_id,row.b.caption,row.b.code,row.b.id,sep=' ')
return render(request,'host.html',{'v1':v1})
models：
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Business(models.Model):
# id
caption = models.CharField(max_length=32)
code = models.CharField(max_length=32,null=True,default="SA")
class Host(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
hostname = models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True)
ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol="ipv4",db_index=True)
port = models.IntegerField()
b = models.ForeignKey(to="Business", to_field='id')
urls：
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from user_manage import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^helloworld/$', views.helloword),
url(r'^bussiness/$', views.business),
url(r'^host/$', views.host),
]
html：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>主机列表(对象)</h1>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>主机名</th>
<th>IP</th>
<th>端口</th>
<th>业务名称</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in v1 %}
<tr hid="{{ row.nid }}" bid="{{ row.b_id }}">
<td>{{ row.hostname }}</td>
<td>{{ row.ip }}</td>
<td>{{ row.port }}</td>
<td>{{ row.b.caption }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
数据库信息：
效果：
多个连表：
从这里想跨表都是用双下划线
字典：
元组：
实践：
viwes:
def host(request):
#对象
v1 = models.Host.objects.all()
for row in v1:
print(row.nid,row.hostname,row.ip,row.port,row.b_id,row.b.caption,row.b.code,row.b.id,sep=' ')
#字典
v2 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')
for row in v2:
print(row['nid'],row['hostname'],row['b_id'],row['b__caption'])
#元组
v3 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values_list('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')
for row in v3:
print(row[0],row[1],row[2],row[3])
return render(request,'host.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3})
models：
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Business(models.Model):
# id
caption = models.CharField(max_length=32)
code = models.CharField(max_length=32,null=True,default="SA")
class Host(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
hostname = models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True)
ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol="ipv4",db_index=True)
port = models.IntegerField()
b = models.ForeignKey(to="Business", to_field='id')
urls:
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from user_manage import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^helloworld/$', views.helloword),
url(r'^bussiness/$', views.business),
url(r'^host/$', views.host),
]
html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>主机列表(对象)</h1>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>主机名</th>
<th>IP</th>
<th>端口</th>
<th>业务名称</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in v1 %}
<tr hid="{{ row.nid }}" bid="{{ row.b_id }}">
<td>{{ row.hostname }}</td>
<td>{{ row.ip }}</td>
<td>{{ row.port }}</td>
<td>{{ row.b.caption }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<h1>主机列表(字典)</h1>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>主机名</th>
<th>业务名称</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in v2 %}
<tr hid="{{ row.nid }}" bid="{{ row.b_id }}">
<td>{{ row.hostname }}</td>
<td>{{ row.b__caption }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<h1>主机列表(元组)</h1>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>主机名</th>
<th>业务名称</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in v3 %}
<tr hid="{{ row.0 }}" bid="{{ row.2 }}">
<td>{{ row.1 }}</td>
<td>{{ row.3 }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
效果：
模板语言的计数器：
用于显示序号：
倒叙：
从零开始：
是否是最后一个：
是否是第一个：
显示父循环的信息：
增加数据：
实践：
views:
def host(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
#对象
v1 = models.Host.objects.all()
#字典
v2 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')
#元组
v3 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values_list('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')
b_list = models.Business.objects.all()
return render(request,'host.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3,'b_list':b_list})
elif request.method == 'POST':
h = request.POST.get('hostname')
i = request.POST.get('ip')
p = request.POST.get('port')
b = request.POST.get('b_id')
models.Host.objects.create(hostname=h,ip=i,port=p,b_id=b)
return redirect('/host/')
models:
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Business(models.Model):
# id
caption = models.CharField(max_length=32)
code = models.CharField(max_length=32,null=True,default="SA")
class Host(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
hostname = models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True)
ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(protocol="ipv4",db_index=True)
port = models.IntegerField()
b = models.ForeignKey(to="Business", to_field='id')
urls:
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from user_manage import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^helloworld/$', views.helloword),
url(r'^bussiness/$', views.business),
url(r'^host/$', views.host),
]
html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<style>
.hide{
display: none;
}
.shade{
position: fixed;
top: 0;
right: 0;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
background: black;
opacity: 0.6;
z-index: 100;
}
.add-modal{
position: fixed;
height: 300px;
400px;
top:100px;
left: 50%;
z-index: 101;
border: 1px solid red;
background: white;
margin-left: -200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>主机列表(对象)</h1>
<div>
<input id="add_host" type="button" value="添加" />
</div>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>序号</th>
<th>主机名</th>
<th>IP</th>
<th>端口</th>
<th>业务线名称</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in v1 %}
<tr hid="{{ row.nid }}" bid="{{ row.b_id }}">
<td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
<td>{{ row.hostname }}</td>
<td>{{ row.ip }}</td>
<td>{{ row.port }}</td>
<td>{{ row.b.caption }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<h1>主机列表(字典)</h1>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>主机名</th>
<th>业务线名称</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in v2 %}
<tr hid="{{ row.nid }}" bid="{{ row.b_id }}">
<td>{{ row.hostname }}</td>
<td>{{ row.b__caption }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<h1>主机列表(元组)</h1>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>主机名</th>
<th>业务线名称</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in v3 %}
<tr hid="{{ row.0 }}" bid="{{ row.2 }}">
<td>{{ row.1 }}</td>
<td>{{ row.3 }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="shade hide"></div>
<div class="add-modal hide">
<form method="POST" action="/host/">
<div class="group">
<input type="text" placeholder="主机名" name="hostname" />
</div>
<div class="group">
<input type="text" placeholder="IP" name="ip" />
</div>
<div class="group">
<input type="text" placeholder="端口" name="port" />
</div>
<div class="group">
<select name="b_id">
{% for op in b_list %}
<option value="{{ op.id }}">{{ op.caption }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select>
</div>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
<input id="cancel" type="button" value="取消" />
</form>
</div>
<script src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script>
<script>
$(function(){
$('#add_host').click(function(){
$('.shade,.add-modal').removeClass('hide');
});
$('#cancel').click(function(){
$('.shade,.add-modal').addClass('hide');
});
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
效果：
Ajax 提交：
实践Ajax 悄悄提交：
views:
def host(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
#对象
v1 = models.Host.objects.all()
#字典
v2 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')
#元组
v3 = models.Host.objects.filter(nid__gt=0).values_list('nid','hostname','b_id','b__caption')
b_list = models.Business.objects.all()
return render(request,'host.html',{'v1':v1,'v2':v2,'v3':v3,'b_list':b_list})
elif request.method == 'POST':
h = request.POST.get('hostname')
i = request.POST.get('ip')
p = request.POST.get('port')
b = request.POST.get('b_id')
models.Host.objects.create(hostname=h,ip=i,port=p,b_id=b)
return redirect('/host/')
def test_ajax(request):
h = request.POST.get('hostname')
i = request.POST.get('ip')
p = request.POST.get('port')
b = request.POST.get('b_id')
if h and len(h) >5:
models.Host.objects.create(hostname=h, ip=i, port=p, b_id=b)
return HttpResponse('OK')
else:
return HttpResponse('主机名太短了')
urls:
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from user_manage import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^helloworld/$', views.helloword),
url(r'^bussiness/$', views.business),
url(r'^host/$', views.host),
url(r'^test_ajax/$', views.test_ajax),
]
html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<style>
.hide{
display: none;
}
.shade{
position: fixed;
top: 0;
right: 0;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
background: black;
opacity: 0.6;
z-index: 100;
}
.add-modal{
position: fixed;
height: 300px;
400px;
top:100px;
left: 50%;
z-index: 101;
border: 1px solid red;
background: white;
margin-left: -200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>主机列表(对象)</h1>
<div>
<input id="add_host" type="button" value="添加" />
</div>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>序号</th>
<th>主机名</th>
<th>IP</th>
<th>端口</th>
<th>业务线名称</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in v1 %}
<tr hid="{{ row.nid }}" bid="{{ row.b_id }}">
<td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
<td>{{ row.hostname }}</td>
<td>{{ row.ip }}</td>
<td>{{ row.port }}</td>
<td>{{ row.b.caption }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<h1>主机列表(字典)</h1>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>主机名</th>
<th>业务线名称</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in v2 %}
<tr hid="{{ row.nid }}" bid="{{ row.b_id }}">
<td>{{ row.hostname }}</td>
<td>{{ row.b__caption }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<h1>主机列表(元组)</h1>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>主机名</th>
<th>业务线名称</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in v3 %}
<tr hid="{{ row.0 }}" bid="{{ row.2 }}">
<td>{{ row.1 }}</td>
<td>{{ row.3 }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="shade hide"></div>
<div class="add-modal hide">
<form method="POST" action="/host/">
<div class="group">
<input id="host" type="text" placeholder="主机名" name="hostname" />
</div>
<div class="group">
<input id="ip" type="text" placeholder="IP" name="ip" />
</div>
<div class="group">
<input id="port" type="text" placeholder="端口" name="port" />
</div>
<div class="group">
<select id="sel" name="b_id">
{% for op in b_list %}
<option value="{{ op.id }}">{{ op.caption }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select>
</div>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
<a id="ajax_submit">悄悄提交</a>
<input id="cancel" type="button" value="取消" />
</form>
</div>
<script src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script>
<script>
$(function(){
$('#add_host').click(function(){
$('.shade,.add-modal').removeClass('hide');
});
$('#cancel').click(function(){
$('.shade,.add-modal').addClass('hide');
});
})
$('#ajax_submit').click(function () {
$.ajax({
url: '/test_ajax/',
type:'POST',
data:{'hostname':$('#host').val(),'ip':$('#ip').val(),'port':$('#port').val(),'b_id':$('#sel').val()},
success: function (data) {
if(data == 'OK'){
location.reload()
}else{
alert(data)
}
}
})
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
效果：
需要转换为json
前端需要反序列化：
添加一个标签，通过jquery 添加error 数据
多对多：
创建多对多：
方式一：
自定义关系表：
方式二：
自动创建关键关系表：
最多生成3列：
进行间接操作：
模板里循环：
添加错误处理函数，就是当服务器彻底出问题的时候：
列表：
