Oracle 11g RAC 到 单实例 DG 环境搭建

Oracle 11g RAC 到 单实例 DG 环境搭建

2017-05-29 11:2645300原创Oracle 11g

本文链接：https://www.cndba.cn/leo1990/article/1939

1 环境说明

Primary Database 是一个两节点的RAC,存储采用ASM 方式，具体如下图：

RAC Primary	rac1	rac2
Public IP	192.168.1.60/24	192.168.1.62/24
Private IP	192.168.56.80/24	192.168.56.82/24
Vritual IP	192.168.1.61/24	192.168.1.63/24
San IP	192.168.1.125
Instance	leo1	leo2
DB_NAME	leo
Data、Control File、Redo File	ASM

Standby Database (Single Instance) 环境介绍

Single instance Standby	说明
IP	192.168.1.65/24
Oracle	单实例
Instance	orcl
DB_NAME	leo
Data	/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data tempfile
Control File	/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
	/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl
Redo FileRedo File	/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo

2  主库设置为 force logging 模式

rac 节点1 执行

SQL> alter database force logging;

Database altered.

SQL> select force_logging from v$database; 

FOR
---
YES

3 修改主库为归档模式 

SQL>  archive log list
Database log mode	       No Archive Mode
Automatic archival	       Disabled
Archive destination	       USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence     30
Current log sequence	       31


切换归档，将所有节点都必须处于 mount 状态。 在其中一个节点修改模式，然后在其他节点正常启动即可。

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1269366784 bytes
Fixed Size		    2252864 bytes
Variable Size		  872419264 bytes
Database Buffers	  385875968 bytes
Redo Buffers		    8818688 bytes
Database mounted.

SQL> alter database archivelog;

Database altered.

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode	       Archive Mode
Automatic archival	       Enabled
Archive destination	       USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence     30
Next log sequence to archive   31
Current log sequence	       31

SQL> select name , open_mode, log_mode,force_logging from gv$database;

NAME	  OPEN_MODE	       LOG_MODE     FOR
--------- -------------------- ------------ ---
LEO	  READ WRITE	       ARCHIVELOG   YES
LEO	  READ WRITE	       ARCHIVELOG   YES

SQL>  show parameter db_recover 

NAME				     TYPE	 VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest		     string	 +DATA
db_recovery_file_dest_size	     big integer 4407M


我 2 个节点的归档都指向了+DATA 这个磁盘组。 也可以指向其他的磁盘组或者本地的位置，如： 
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/leo1arch' sid='leo1'; 
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/leo2arch' sid='leo2';

4  主备库添加 standby Redo log 文件 

RAC 每个 Redo Thread 都需要创建对应的 Standby Redo Log。 创建原则和单实例一样，包括日志 文件大小相等，日志组数量要多 1 组。
主库
SQL> set lines 120
SQL> col member for a50
SQL> select a.thread#,a.group#,a.bytes/1024/1024,b.member from v$log a,v$logfile b where a.group#=b.group#;

   THREAD#     GROUP# A.BYTES/1024/1024 MEMBER
---------- ---------- ----------------- --------------------------------------------------
	 1	    2		     50 +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_2.277.943664411
	 1	    2		     50 +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_2.278.943664413
	 1	    1		     50 +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_1.275.943664407
	 1	    1		     50 +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_1.276.943664409
	 2	    3		     50 +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_3.281.943668673
	 2	    3		     50 +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_3.282.943668675
	 2	    4		     50 +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_4.283.943668677
	 2	    4		     50 +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_4.284.943668679

8 rows selected.
--主库添加 standby redo log： 
SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 10 ('+DATA') size 50m; 

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 11 ('+DATA') size 50m; 

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 12 ('+DATA') size 50m; 

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 13 ('+DATA') size 50m; 

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 14 ('+DATA') size 50m; 

Database altered.


SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 15 ('+DATA') size 50m; 

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 16 ('+DATA') size 50m;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 17 ('+DATA') size 50m; 

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 18 ('+DATA') size 50m; 

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 19 ('+DATA') size 50m; 

Database altered.



--验证： 
SQL> select group#,type,member from v$logfile order by 2;

    GROUP# TYPE    MEMBER
---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
	 2 ONLINE  +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_2.277.943664411
	 4 ONLINE  +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_4.284.943668679
	 4 ONLINE  +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_4.283.943668677
	 3 ONLINE  +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_3.282.943668675
	 3 ONLINE  +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_3.281.943668673
	 1 ONLINE  +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_1.276.943664409
	 1 ONLINE  +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_1.275.943664407
	 2 ONLINE  +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_2.278.943664413
	18 STANDBY +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_18.330.945089519
	17 STANDBY +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_17.329.945089515
	16 STANDBY +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_16.328.945089509

    GROUP# TYPE    MEMBER
---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
	15 STANDBY +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_15.327.945089505
	14 STANDBY +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_14.294.944422059
	13 STANDBY +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_13.293.944422047
	12 STANDBY +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_12.292.944422039
	11 STANDBY +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_11.291.944422031
	19 STANDBY +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_19.331.945089523
	10 STANDBY +DATA/leo/onlinelog/group_10.290.944422017

18 rows selected.

5 配置主备库的监听：listener.ora 
用 net manager 工具，在备库创建一个监听。 也可以手动的修改 listener.ora 文件。 
--对于 RAC 环境: 

在 grid 用户的 listener.ora 文件中加入如下内容：  
[grid@rac1 admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1 = ON

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = leo)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = leo1)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = LISTENER))
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/grid

ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER = ON

LISTENER_SCAN1 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = LISTENER_SCAN1))
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER_SCAN1 = /u01/app/grid

 节点 2，对应修改即可。
 [grid@rac2 admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1 = ON

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = leo)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = leo2)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = LISTENER))
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/grid

ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER = ON

LISTENER_SCAN1 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = LISTENER_SCAN1))
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER_SCAN1 = /u01/app/grid


--这里写的 Oracle 用户的 ORACLE_HOME，否则连接时会报错:
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges 
 
然后重启监听。  
 
注意在 oracle 11gR2 的 RAC 环境下，监听是在 grid 用户下配置的。所以这里可以用 grid 用户连接，
并修 改。 最后重启监听。 
 
对于单实例，直接在 listener.ora 里添加： 

[oracle@localhost admin]$ cat listener.ora 
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

6 配置主备库的 Net Server： tnsnames.ora 

节点1，节点2，单实例 的 tnsnames.ora 文件是一致的，添加以下内容： 

leo=
 (DESCRIPTION =
   (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.61)(PORT = 1521))
   (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.63)(PORT = 1521))
   (CONNECT_DATA =
    (SERVER = DEDICATED)
    (SERVICE_NAME =leo)
    )
  )

orcl_st=
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.65)(PORT = 1521))  
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

配置完成后，使用 tnsping 命令效验：
  
[oracle@rac1 admin]$ tnsping orcl_st

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 29-MAY-2017 01:59:09

Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:


Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.65)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)))
OK (0 msec)

[oracle@localhost dbs]$ tnsping leo

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 29-MAY-2017 01:59:38

Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:


Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.61)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.63)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =leo)))
OK (0 msec)

7 单实例创建相关目录 

--FRA目录
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl
--DATAFILE
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/data
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/redo
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/tempfile

8 创建备库口令文件 

[oracle@localhost dbs]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwleo1 password=oracle
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwleo2 password=oracle
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl password=oracle

或者把节点的口令文件copy 到备库(在哪个节点执行操作就在把那个节点的口令文件copy过去)
[oracle@rac1 dbs]$ scp orapwleo1 192.168.1.65:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl 

9 创建修改主备库的参数文件 

--主库参数

db_file_name_convert 和 log_file_name_convert 仅当数据库被 standby 时才会生效，
这里配置，是 为切换做准备。 log_file_name_convert 指的是 online redo log。  
在 Oracle 11g 已经废除了 fal_client 参数。   
RAC 的 spfile 是放在共享设备上的，所以如果想创建，就需要先创建一份 pfile 到本地，在修改，
如果不想这么折腾，就直接使用 SQL 语句修改：
1）使用 ASM 作为存储时，datafile 和 tempfile 是分别放在两个目录下的，所以在Standby 
上也单独创建一个tempdata 目录。并在db_file_name_convert 中作相应的设置。
2）在使用ASM 的RAC中，注意不要改变db_unique_name 的参数值；因为ASM 存放文件的规则，是按照
+diskgroup_name/data_unique_name/file/tag_name.file_member.incarnation 这样一个规则存放的，
但是第二项database_unique_name 并不是db_name;如果改变了db_unique_name,则之后创建的数据文件
会放在新的目录下，会导致db_file_name_convert 的失效，这一点需要特别注意。
3）如果RAC中使用db_create_online_log_dest_n 系列参数，要相应调整stangby 上的log_file_name_convert 参数。

alter system set db_unique_name='leo'  scope=spfile sid='*'; 
alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(leo,orcl_st)'   scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=+FRA valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=leo'  scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=orcl_st valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcl_st'   scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1=enable   scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable   scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set standby_file_management='auto'   scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set fal_server='orcl_st'   scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data','+DATA/leo/datafile','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile','+DATA/leo/tempfile' scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo','+DATA/leo/onlinelog' scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arch' scope=spfile sid='*';

--备库参数

--在主库创建pfile 文件并scp 到备库修改
主要指定一些pfile的路径，不要直接create pfile from spfile 

create pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/tmp.ora' from spfile;
[oracle@rac1 dbs]$ scp tmp.ora 192.168.1.65:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora

[oracle@localhost dbs]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ cat initorcl.ora 
orcl.__db_cache_size=436207616
orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216
orcl.__large_pool_size=33554432
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=520093696
orcl.__sga_target=754974720
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=251658240
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='leo'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4621074432
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=leoXDB)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/archive/'
*.memory_target=1048576000
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
--添加以下内容，对应修改上面的参数
*.service_names='orcl_st'
*.db_unique_name='orcl_st'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(leo,orcl_st)' 
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/archive valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl_st' 
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=leo valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=leo'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable 
*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable
*.log_archive_format=%t_%s_%r.arc 
*.standby_file_management='auto'
*.fal_server='leo' 
*.log_file_name_convert='+DATA/leo/onlinelog','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo'
*.db_file_name_convert='+DATA/leo/datafile','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data','+DATA/leo/tempfile','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile'

10 使用 spfile 将备库启动 nomount 状态并启动监听 

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-MAY-2017 10:31:13

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                28-MAY-2017 10:31:15
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

[oracle@localhost dbs]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sun May 28 22:36:14 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1043886080 bytes
Fixed Size		    2259840 bytes
Variable Size		  654312576 bytes
Database Buffers	  381681664 bytes
Redo Buffers		    5632000 bytes

11 开始进行 duplicate 

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ rman target sys/oracle@leo auxiliary sys/oracle@orcl_st

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun May 28 22:42:26 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: LEO (DBID=1717931218)
connected to auxiliary database: LEO (not mounted)

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database dorecover;

Starting Duplicate Db at 2017:05:28 22:42:36
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK

contents of Memory Script:
{
   backup as copy reuse
   targetfile  '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwleo2' auxiliary format 
 '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl'   ;
}
executing Memory Script

Starting backup at 2017:05:28 22:42:37
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=53 instance=leo2 device type=DISK
Finished backup at 2017:05:28 22:42:38

contents of Memory Script:
{
   backup as copy current controlfile for standby auxiliary format  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl';
   restore clone controlfile to  '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl' from 
 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl';
}
executing Memory Script

Starting backup at 2017:05:28 22:42:38
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying standby control file
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_leo2.f tag=TAG20170528T224238 RECID=12 STAMP=945211363
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished backup at 2017:05:28 22:42:45

Starting restore at 2017:05:28 22:42:45
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: copied control file copy
Finished restore at 2017:05:28 22:42:46

contents of Memory Script:
{
   sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';
}
executing Memory Script

sql statement: alter database mount standby database

contents of Memory Script:
{
   set newname for tempfile  1 to 
 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile/temp.279.943664427";
   switch clone tempfile all;
   set newname for datafile  1 to 
 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.269.943664299";
   set newname for datafile  2 to 
 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sysaux.270.943664299";
   set newname for datafile  3 to 
 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs1.271.943664301";
   set newname for datafile  4 to 
 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/users.272.943664301";
   set newname for datafile  5 to 
 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs2.280.943665551";
   backup as copy reuse
   datafile  1 auxiliary format 
 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.269.943664299"   datafile 
 2 auxiliary format 
 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sysaux.270.943664299"   datafile 
 3 auxiliary format 
 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs1.271.943664301"   datafile 
 4 auxiliary format 
 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/users.272.943664301"   datafile 
 5 auxiliary format 
 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs2.280.943665551"   ;
   sql 'alter system archive log current';
}
executing Memory Script

executing command: SET NEWNAME

renamed tempfile 1 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tempfile/temp.279.943664427 in control file

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting backup at 2017:05:28 22:42:53
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/leo/datafile/system.269.943664299
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.269.943664299 tag=TAG20170528T224253
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:46
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA/leo/datafile/sysaux.270.943664299
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sysaux.270.943664299 tag=TAG20170528T224253
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA/leo/datafile/undotbs1.271.943664301
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs1.271.943664301 tag=TAG20170528T224253
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/leo/datafile/undotbs2.280.943665551
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs2.280.943665551 tag=TAG20170528T224253
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/leo/datafile/users.272.943664301
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/users.272.943664301 tag=TAG20170528T224253
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2017:05:28 22:44:36

sql statement: alter system archive log current

contents of Memory Script:
{
   backup as copy reuse
   archivelog like  "+FRA/leo_pd/archivelog/2017_05_28/thread_2_seq_56.304.945211383" auxiliary format 
 "/u01/archive/2_56_943664406.arc"   archivelog like 
 "+FRA/leo_pd/archivelog/2017_05_28/thread_1_seq_72.302.945199597" auxiliary format 
 "/u01/archive/1_72_943664406.arc"   archivelog like 
 "+FRA/leo_pd/archivelog/2017_05_28/thread_2_seq_57.306.945211479" auxiliary format 
 "/u01/archive/2_57_943664406.arc"   archivelog like 
 "+FRA/leo_pd/archivelog/2017_05_28/thread_1_seq_73.303.945211381" auxiliary format 
 "/u01/archive/1_73_943664406.arc"   archivelog like 
 "+FRA/leo_pd/archivelog/2017_05_28/thread_1_seq_74.305.945211477" auxiliary format 
 "/u01/archive/1_74_943664406.arc"   ;
   catalog clone archivelog  "/u01/archive/2_56_943664406.arc";
   catalog clone archivelog  "/u01/archive/1_72_943664406.arc";
   catalog clone archivelog  "/u01/archive/2_57_943664406.arc";
   catalog clone archivelog  "/u01/archive/1_73_943664406.arc";
   catalog clone archivelog  "/u01/archive/1_74_943664406.arc";
   switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script

Starting backup at 2017:05:28 22:44:39
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log copy
input archived log thread=2 sequence=56 RECID=98 STAMP=945211394
output file name=/u01/archive/2_56_943664406.arc RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: archived log copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log copy
input archived log thread=1 sequence=72 RECID=96 STAMP=945199602
output file name=/u01/archive/1_72_943664406.arc RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: archived log copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log copy
input archived log thread=2 sequence=57 RECID=100 STAMP=945211479
output file name=/u01/archive/2_57_943664406.arc RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: archived log copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log copy
input archived log thread=1 sequence=73 RECID=97 STAMP=945211393
output file name=/u01/archive/1_73_943664406.arc RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: archived log copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log copy
input archived log thread=1 sequence=74 RECID=99 STAMP=945211477
output file name=/u01/archive/1_74_943664406.arc RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: archived log copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished backup at 2017:05:28 22:44:51

cataloged archived log
archived log file name=/u01/archive/2_56_943664406.arc RECID=1 STAMP=945211492

cataloged archived log
archived log file name=/u01/archive/1_72_943664406.arc RECID=2 STAMP=945211492

cataloged archived log
archived log file name=/u01/archive/2_57_943664406.arc RECID=3 STAMP=945211493

cataloged archived log
archived log file name=/u01/archive/1_73_943664406.arc RECID=4 STAMP=945211493

cataloged archived log
archived log file name=/u01/archive/1_74_943664406.arc RECID=5 STAMP=945211493

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=12 STAMP=945211493 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/system.269.943664299
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=13 STAMP=945211493 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/sysaux.270.943664299
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=14 STAMP=945211493 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs1.271.943664301
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=15 STAMP=945211493 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/users.272.943664301
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=16 STAMP=945211493 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/data/undotbs2.280.943665551

contents of Memory Script:
{
   set until scn  2749620;
   recover
   standby
   clone database
    delete archivelog
   ;
}
executing Memory Script

executing command: SET until clause

Starting recover at 2017:05:28 22:44:53
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 73 is already on disk as file /u01/archive/1_73_943664406.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 74 is already on disk as file /u01/archive/1_74_943664406.arc
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 56 is already on disk as file /u01/archive/2_56_943664406.arc
archived log for thread 2 with sequence 57 is already on disk as file /u01/archive/2_57_943664406.arc
archived log file name=/u01/archive/1_73_943664406.arc thread=1 sequence=73
archived log file name=/u01/archive/2_56_943664406.arc thread=2 sequence=56
archived log file name=/u01/archive/2_57_943664406.arc thread=2 sequence=57
archived log file name=/u01/archive/1_74_943664406.arc thread=1 sequence=74
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 2017:05:28 22:44:56
Finished Duplicate Db at 2017:05:28 22:45:14

12 启动备库 
--完成 duplicate 之后，备库就是 mount 状态： 

SQL>  select NAME,open_mode from v$database; 

NAME	  OPEN_MODE
--------- --------------------
LEO	  MOUNTED

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE
--------------------
READ ONLY

13 启动 MRP 进程 

SQL>  alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL>  select open_mode from v$database; 

OPEN_MODE
--------------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY

14 验证同步 

节点1 执行

SQL>  create table leo2 as select * from dba_users;

Table created.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

节点2 执行

SQL> create table nancy as select * from dba_users;

Table created.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

--备库查询

SQL> select count(*) from leo2;

  COUNT(*)
----------
	31

SQL> select count(*) from nancy; 

  COUNT(*)
----------
	31

SQL> select THREAD#,sequence#,applied from v$archived_log order by 1,2;

   THREAD#  SEQUENCE# APPLIED
---------- ---------- ---------
	 1	   72 NO
	 1	   73 YES
	 1	   74 YES
	 2	   56 YES
	 2	   57 NO

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