OpenCASCADE 包说明

转载地址：http://www.cppblog.com/eryar/archive/2012/06/30/180916.html

一、简介 Introduction to Package gp

gp是几何处理程序包（Geometric Processor package），简称gp。包gp提供以下功能：

• 代数计算；如坐标计算、矩阵计算；
• 基本解析几何元素；如变换、点、矢量、线、面、轴、二次曲线和初等曲面；

这些实体同时在二维和三维空间中定义，且包中的类都是非持续的（non-persistent），即这些类的实例都是以值的方式处理而不是引用。当复制这种对象时，是对象本体。改变一个实例不会影响到其他的实例。

可用的几何实体如下所示：

1. 2D&3D Cartesian coordinates(x,y,z); 二维&三维笛卡尔坐标；
2. Matrices; 矩阵；
3. Cartesian points; 笛卡尔坐标点；
4. Vector; 矢量；
5. Direction; 方向；
6. Axis; 轴；
7. Line; 直线；
8. Circle; 圆；
9. Ellipse; 椭圆；
10. Hyperbola; 双曲线；
11. Parabola; 抛物线；
12. Plane; 面；
13. Infinite cylindrical surface; 柱面；
14. Spherical surface; 球面；
15. Toroidal surface; 环面；
16. Conical surface; 锥面；

二、几何元素的集合 Collections of Primitive Geometric Types

创建几何对象之前，根据你是将几何对象用于二维还是三维来确定。若你需要一个几何对象集而不是单一的几何对象，即用来处理一类几何元素，包TColgp就是提供这种功能的。

Package TColgp提供类如：XY, XYZ, Pnt, Pnt2d, Vec, Vec2d, Lin, Lin2D, Circ, Circ2d的TCollection的实例。包中的类简单列举如下：

• TColgp_Array1OfCirc;
• TColgp_Array1OfDir;
• TColgp_Array1OfPnt;
• TColgp_Array1OfVec;
• TColgp_Array2OfCirc2d;
• TColgp_Array2OfPnt;
• TColgp_HArray1OfCirc2d;
• TColgp_HArray2OfDir;
• TColgp_HSequenceOfDir;
• TColgp_SequenceOfDir;
• TColgp_SequenceOfPnt;
• TColgp_SequenceOfXYZ;

个人意见，若使用标准C++的容器类(The STL Template Container)，就不需要创建这么多类了。

三、基本几何库 Basic Geometric Libraries

有几个库提供了曲线和曲面的基本计算功能。若要处理由包gp创建的几何对象，初等曲线曲面的有用算法库在包：ElCLib和ElSLib中。包Precision提供两个数字比较的功能。

• Package ElCLib; ElCLib代表：Elementary Curves Library. 提供初等曲线曲面的基本几何计算功能；
• Package ElSLib; ElSLib代表：Elementary Surfaces Library. 提供初等曲面的基本几何计算。
• Package Bnd；提供二维和三维空间中几何元素包围盒的计算功能；
• Package Precision; 由于浮点数在计算机内实际上是一个近似表示，在手工计算看来为正确的结果，在计算机中运算未必得出正确的结果。所以，我们得到一个重要的经验：使用浮点数进行相等（==）和不等（！=）比较的操作通常是有问题的。浮点数的相等比较，一般总是使用两者相减的值是否落在0的邻域中来判断。这就是邻域比较技术。在OpenCASCADE中专门提供包Precision来处理两个数值的比较问题。

四、代码示例 Code Sample

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//    Copyright (c) 2012 eryar All Rights Reserved.
//
//        File    : Main.cpp
//        Author  : eryar@163.com
//        Date    : 2012-6-23 21:30
//        Version : 1.0v
//
//    Description : Test primitive Geometric Types in OpenCASCADE.
//
//      The Geometric Processor package, called gp.
//
//      The pg package offers classes for both 2D and 3D objects which
//      are handled by value rather than by reference. When this sort of object
//      is copied, it is copied entirely. Changes in one instance will not be 
//      reflected in another.
//
//==============================================================================
 
// Use Toolkit TKernel.
#pragma comment(lib,"TKernel.lib")
// Use Toolkit TKMath.
#pragma comment(lib, "TKMath.lib")
 
#include <gp.hxx>
#include <gp_Pnt.hxx>
#include <gp_Trsf.hxx>
#include <Precision.hxx>
 
void DumpPoint(const gp_Pnt& p);
 
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    gp_Pnt  aPoint(0, 0, 0);
 
    // 1. Translate a point in a direction.
    // The direction determined by a gp_Vec or two gp_Pnt.
    cout<<"Before translated:";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    aPoint.Translate(gp_Pnt(2, 2, 3), gp_Pnt(10, 10, 0));
 
    cout<<"After translated:";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    // 2. Rotate a point.
    // Rotate a point by an axis and the rotate angle.
    cout<<"Before rotated:";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    // Roate 45 degree about Z axis.
    // Positive angle value will be rotated counterclockwise.
    aPoint.Rotate(gp::OZ(), PI/4);
    
    cout<<"After rotated 45 degree about Z axis:";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    // 2.1 Test Package Precision.
    if (aPoint.X() < Precision::Confusion() && aPoint.X() > -Precision::Confusion())
    {
        cout<<"Point X value:"<<aPoint.X()<<endl;
        cout<<"Precision::Confusion() value:"<<Precision::Confusion()<<endl;
    }
 
    aPoint.Rotate(gp::OZ(), PI/4);
    cout<<"After rotate 45 degree about Z axis:";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    // 3. Transform a point by gp_Trsf.
    gp_Trsf transform;
    transform.SetMirror(gp::OX());
 
    cout<<"Before gp_Trsf:";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    aPoint.Transform(transform);
 
    cout<<"After gp_Trsf:";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    // 4. Mirror a point.
    // 4.1 Performs the symmetrical transformation of
    // a point with respect to an axis placement which
    // is the axis of the symmetry.
    cout<<"Before mirrored with a symmetric axis:";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    aPoint.Mirror(gp::OY());
 
    cout<<"After mirrored with a symmetric axis:";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    // 4.2 Performs the symmetrical transformation of
    // a point with respect to a plane.
    cout<<"Before mirrored with a symmetric plane:";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    aPoint.Mirror(gp::XOY());
 
    cout<<"After mirrored with a symmetric plane";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    // 5. Scale a point.
    aPoint.SetCoord(1, 2, 1);
    cout<<"Before Scaled:";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    /*
    // Scale point source code...
    inline void gp_Pnt::Scale (const gp_Pnt& P,
    const Standard_Real S)
    {
    gp_XYZ XYZ = P.coord;
    XYZ.Multiply (1.0 - S);
    coord.Multiply (S);
    coord.Add      (XYZ);
    }
    */
 
    aPoint.Scale(gp_Pnt(1, 2, 2), 2);
 
    cout<<"After Scaled:";
    DumpPoint(aPoint);
 
    return 0;
}
 
/**
* Description: Dump point information.
*/
void DumpPoint( const gp_Pnt& p )
{
    cout<<"("<<p.X()<<","<<p.Y()<<","<<p.Z()<<")"<<endl;
}

/*
输出结果如下：
   1:  Before translated:(0,0,0)
   2:  After translated:(8,8,-3)
   3:  Before rotated:(8,8,-3)
   4:  After rotated 45 degree about Z axis:(8.88178e-016,11.3137,-3)
   5:  Point X value:8.88178e-016
   6:  Precision::Confusion() value:1e-007
   7:  After rotate 45 degree about Z axis:(-8,8,-3)
   8:  Before gp_Trsf:(-8,8,-3)
   9:  After gp_Trsf:(-8,-8,3)
  10:  Before mirrored with a symmetric axis:(-8,-8,3)
  11:  After mirrored with a symmetric axis:(8,-8,-3)
  12:  Before mirrored with a symmetric plane:(8,-8,-3)
  13:  After mirrored with a symmetric plane(8,-8,3)
  14:  Before Scaled:(1,2,1)
  15:  After Scaled:(1,2,0)
  16:  Press any key to continue . . .
*/

五、结论

包gp提供了基本的几何元素表示及初等解析几何计算功能。对于几何元素的集合也有自己的类库。对于两个数值的比较采用了邻域比较技术。

Python代码:

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

from OCC.gp import *
from OCC.TColgp import *
from OCC.TColStd import *
from OCC.Precision import * 
PI = 3.141592653589793238

def dump_point(pnt: gp_Pnt):
    print('	(%s, %s, %s)' % pnt.Coord())

def main_basic(): 
    # 1.1 基本对象
    # (1) OCgp_Pnt类：创建三维空间上的一个几何点对象。
    pt1 = gp_Pnt(113, 0, 0.05)
    # print(pt1.Coord())
    pt2 = gp_Pnt(1, 2, 2)
    
    # (2) OCTColgp_Array1OfPnt类：创建三维空间几何点的一维数组对象。
    array1 = TColgp_Array1OfPnt(0, 1)
    array1.SetValue(0, pt1)
    array1.SetValue(1, pt2)
    
    # (3) OCTColgp_Array2OfPnt：二维点数组
    Poles = TColgp_Array2OfPnt(1, 2, 1, 4)
    Poles.SetValue(1, 1, gp_Pnt(0, 0, 0))
    Poles.SetValue(1, 2, gp_Pnt(0, 10, 2))
    Poles.SetValue(1, 3, gp_Pnt(0, 20, 10))
    Poles.SetValue(1, 4, gp_Pnt(0, 30, 0))
    Poles.SetValue(2, 1, gp_Pnt(10, 0, 5))
    Poles.SetValue(2, 2, gp_Pnt(10, 10, 3))
    Poles.SetValue(2, 3, gp_Pnt(10, 20, 20))
    Poles.SetValue(2, 4, gp_Pnt(10, 30, 0))
    
    # (4) OCTColStd_Array1OfReal：一维Double数组
    # (5) OCTColStd_Array1OfInteger：一维Integer数组
    UKnots = TColStd_Array1OfReal(1, 2)
    UKnots.SetValue(1, 0)
    UKnots.SetValue(2, 1)
    
    # (13) OCgp_Mat：矩阵对象
    rot = gp_Mat(1, 0, 0, 0, 0.5, 0, 0, 0, 1.5)

def main():
    aPoint = gp_Pnt(0, 0, 0)
    print('平移前:')
    dump_point(aPoint)
    
    aPoint.Translate(gp_Pnt(2, 2, 3), gp_Pnt(10, 10, 0))
    print('平移后:')
    dump_point(aPoint)
    
    # Roate 45 degree about Z axis.
    # Positive angle value will be rotated counterclockwise.
    aPoint.Rotate(gp_OZ(), PI/4);
    print('绕Z轴旋转45度后:')
    dump_point(aPoint)
 
    # 2.1 Test Package Precision.
    if (aPoint.X() < precision_Confusion() and aPoint.X() > -precision_Confusion()):
        print("	点 X 值:", aPoint.X())
        print("	Precision::Confusion() 值:", precision_Confusion())
        
    aPoint.Rotate(gp_OZ(), PI/4);
    print('再绕Z轴旋转45度后:')
    dump_point(aPoint)        
    if (aPoint.X() + 8 < precision_Confusion() and aPoint.X() + 8 > -precision_Confusion()):
        print("	点 X 值:", aPoint.X())
        print("	Precision::Confusion() 值:", precision_Confusion())
        
    aPoint.Mirror(gp_OY())
    print('相对Y轴镜像后:')
    dump_point(aPoint)
    
    aPoint.Mirror(gp_XOY())
    print('相对XOY平面镜像后:')
    dump_point(aPoint)
    
    aPoint.SetCoord(1, 2, 1)
    print('缩放前:')
    dump_point(aPoint)
    
    scale_center_point = gp_Pnt(1, 2, 2)
    aPoint.Scale(gp_Pnt(1, 2, 2), 2)
    print('相对点%s缩放后:' % (scale_center_point.Coord(), ))
    dump_point(aPoint)
    

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()