工作中你肯定会有关于 Yii2 的小贴士用法，在下面评论分享出来吧。

场景: 数据库有user表有个avatar_path字段用来保存用户头像路径

需求: 头像url需要通过域名http://b.com/作为基本url

目标: 提高代码复用

此处http://b.com/可以做成一个配置

示例:

User.php

class User extends yiidbActiveRecord
{
    ...
    public function extraFields()
    {
        $fields = parent::extraFields();
        
        $fields['avatar_url'] = function () {
            return empty($this->avatar_path) ? '可以设置一个默认的头像地址' : 'http://b.com/' . $this->avatar_path;
        };

        return $fields;
    }
    ...
}

ExampleController.php

class ExampleController extends yiiwebController
{
    public function actionIndex()
    {
        $userModel = User::find()->one();
        $userData = $userModel->toArray([], ['avatar_url']);
        
        echo $userData['avatar_url']; // 输出内容: http://b.com/头像路径
    }
}

表单提交失败调试代码

echo array_values($model->getFirstErrors())[0];exit;

获取当前Controller name和action name（在控制器里面使用）

echo $this->id;
echo $this->action->id;

控制器获取当前模块

$this->module->id

写 log 日志

use yiilogLogger;
Yii::getLogger()->log('User has been created', Logger::LEVEL_INFO);

不生成label标签

// ActiveForm类
$form->field($model, '字段名')->passwordInput(['maxlength' => true])->label(false) ?>
// HTML类
Html::activeInput($type,$model,'字段名')

Yii2 获取接口传过来的 JSON 数据：

Yii::$app->request->rawBody;

防止 SQL 和 Script 注入:

use yiihelpersHtml;
use yiihelpersHtmlPurifier;

echo Html::encode($view_hello_str) //可以原样显示<script></script>代码  
echo HtmlPurifier::process($view_hello_str)  //可以过滤掉<script></script>代码 

大于、小于条件查询

// SELECT * FROM `order` WHERE `subtotal` > 200 ORDER BY `id`
$orders = $customer->getOrders()
    ->where(['>', 'subtotal', 200])
    ->orderBy('id')
    ->all();

搜索的时候添加条件筛选

$dataProvider = $searchModel->search(Yii::$app->request->queryParams);
// $dataProvider->query->andWhere(['pid' => 0]);
$dataProvider->query->andWhere(['>', 'pid', 0]);

事务的用法

$transaction = $connection->beginTransaction();
try {
    $connection->createCommand($sql1)->execute();
    $connection->createCommand($sql2)->execute();
    //.... other SQL executions
    $transaction->commit();
} catch (Exception $e) {
    $transaction->rollBack();
}

有两种方式获取查询出来的 name 为数组的集合 [name1, name2, name3]：

方式一：

return yiihelpersArrayHelper::getColumn(User::find()->all(), 'name');

方式二：

return User::find()->select('name')->asArray()->column();

打印数据：

// 引用命名空间
use yiihelpersVarDumper;

// 使用
VarDumper::dump($var);

//  使用2  第二个参数是数组的深度  第三个参数是是否显示代码高亮（默认不显示）
VarDumper::dump($var, 10 ,true);die;

表单验证，只要需要一个参数：

public function rules()
{
    return [
        [['card_id', 'card_code'], function ($attribute, $param) {//至少要一个
            if (empty($this->card_code) && empty($this->card_id)) {
                $this->addError($attribute, 'card_id/card_code至少要填一个');
            }
        }, 'skipOnEmpty' => false],
    ];
}

where 多个查询条件示例：

User::find()->where(['and', ['xxx' => 0, 'yyy' => 2], ['>', 'zzz', $time]);

获取post数据

$post = Yii::$app->request->post();
$id = $post['id'];

查找 auth_times 表 type=1 并且 不存在 auth_item 表里面的数据

// AuthItem.php 关键是 onCondition 方法
public function getAuthTimes()
{
    return $this->hasOne(AuthTimes::className(), ['name' => 'name', ])->onCondition([AuthTimes::tableName() . '.type' => 1]);
}

// AuthTimes.php 文件
// ......
AuthItem::find()->joinWith('authTimes')->where([self::tableName() . '.name' => null])->all();

生成SQL:

SELECT `auth_item`.* FROM `auth_item` LEFT JOIN `auth_times` ON `auth_item`.`name` = `auth_times`.`name` AND `auth_times`.`type` = 1 WHERE `auth_times`.`name` IS NULL

SQL is not null条件查询

// ['not' => ['attribute' => null]]

$query = new Query;             
$query->select('ID, City,State,StudentName')
      ->from('student')                               
      ->where(['IsActive' => 1])
      ->andWhere(['not', ['City' => null]])
      ->andWhere(['not', ['State' => null]])
      ->orderBy(['rand()' => SORT_DESC])
      ->limit(10);

校验 point_template_id 在 PointTemplate 是否存在

public function rules()
{
    return [
        ...
        [['point_template_id'], 'exist',
            'targetClass' => PointTemplate::className(),
            'targetAttribute' => 'id',
            'message' => '此{attribute}不存在。'
        ],
        ...
    ];
}

Yii给必填项加星

div.required label:after {
    content: " *";
    color: red;
}

view里面获取当前action

var_dump(Yii::$app->controller->action->id);

关于事务：

Yii::$app->db->transaction(function() {
    $order = new Order($customer);
    $order->save();
    $order->addItems($items);
});

// 这相当于下列冗长的代码：

$transaction = Yii::$app->db->beginTransaction();
try {
    $order = new Order($customer);
    $order->save();
    $order->addItems($items);
    $transaction->commit();
} catch (Exception $e) {
    $transaction->rollBack();
    throw $e;
}

restful 获取 GET 和 POST 过来的数据（得到结果是数组）：

// post
Yii::$app->request->bodyParams

// get
Yii::$app->request->queryParams;

获取GET数据

$server_id = Yii::$app->getRequest()->get()['server_id'];
$server_id = Yii::$app->getRequest()->get('server_id');

查询的时候 where 的 OR 和 AND 一起用

Topic::updateAll(
    ['last_comment_time' => new Expression('created_at')],
//  ['or', ['type' => Topic::TYPE, 'last_comment_username' => ''], ['type' => Topic::TYPE, 'last_comment_username' => null]]
    ['and', ['type' => Topic::TYPE], ['or', ['last_comment_username' => ''], ['last_comment_username' => null]]]
);

Yii2 生成url的两种方式实例：

<a href="<?= yiihelpersUrl::toRoute('mysql/view/'.$model->id); ?>">Link1</a>
<a href="<?= Yii::$app->urlManager->createUrl(['mysql/chart/','server_id'=>$model->server_id,'time_interval'=>'1800','end'=>'0' ]); ?>" >Link2</a>

嵌套查询，groupBy 分组之后排序功能

$subQuery = new Query();
$subQuery->from(PostComment::tableName())->where(['status' => PostComment::STATUS_ACTIVE])->orderBy(['created_at' => SORT_DESC]);
$comment = PostComment::find()->from(['tmpA' => $subQuery])
    ->groupBy('post_id')
    ->all();

生成的语句是

SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM `post_comment` WHERE `status`=1 ORDER BY `created_at` DESC) `tmpA` GROUP BY `post_id`

Model 获取当前 module id

Yii::$app->controller->module->id

一个控制器调用其他控制器action的方法：

Yii::$app->runAction('new_controller/new_action', $params);
// 或者
return (new SecondController('second', Yii::$app->module))->runAction('index', $data);

IP 白名单

$config['modules']['debug'] = [
    'class' => 'yiidebugModule',
    'allowedIPs' => ['127.0.0.1', '::1', '192.168.0.*', '192.168.33.1'],
];

点击下载文件 action

public function actionDownload($id)
{
    $model = $this->findModel($id);

    if ($model) {
        // do something
    }
    return Yii::$app->response->setDownloadHeaders($model->downurl);

}

发送邮件 1.config/config.php中的components配置

'mailer' => [
    'class' => 'yiiswiftmailerMailer',
    'useFileTransport' => false,
    'transport' => [
        'class' => 'Swift_SmtpTransport',
        'host' => 'smtp.gmail.com',
        'username' => 'admin@gmail.com',
        'password' => 'password12345678',
        'port' => 587,//or 25/587
        'encryption' => 'tls',//tls or ssl
    ]
],

2.使用

Yii::$app->mailer->compose()
                    ->setFrom(['admin@gmail.com' => Yii::$app->name])
                    ->setTo('admin@gmail.com')
                    ->setSubject('test subject')
                    ->setTextBody('test body')
                    ->send();

修改登陆状态超时时间（到期后自动退出登陆） config/web.php中的components

'user' => [
    'class'=>'yiiwebUser',
    'identityClass' => 'commonmodelsUser',
    'loginUrl'=>['/user/sign-in/login'],
    'authTimeout' => 1800,//登陆有效时间
    'as afterLogin' => 'commonehaviorsLoginTimestampBehavior'
],

修改返回的数据格式（详见Response::FORMAT_XXXX）

$result = array('code' => $code, 'msg' => $msg, 'data' => $data);
$callback = Yii::$app->request->get('callback',null);

$format = $callback ? Response::FORMAT_JSONP : Response::FORMAT_JSON;
Yii::$app->response->format = $format;

if($callback){
    return array(
    'callback' => $callback,
    'data' => $result
    );
}
return $result;

执行SQL查询并缓存结果

$styleId = Yii::$app->request->get('style');
$collection = Yii::$app->db->cache(function($db) use($styleId){
    return Collection::findOne(['style_id'=>$styleId]);
}, self::SECONDS_IN_MINITUE * 10);

来源地址：http://www.getyii.com/topic/47