1. 卸载 yum
rpm -aq|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps
2. 下载rpm包
包仓库 :http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/
可以使用wget 方式下载,如下:
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
也可以直接在仓库搜索点击下载,如下 :
下载如下包:
python-2.7.5-88.el7.x86_64.rpm
python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
python-libs-2.7.5-88.el7.x86_64.rpm
python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm
python-urlgrabber-3.10-10.el7.noarch.rpm
yum-3.4.3-167.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-53.el7.noarch.rpm
(如果没有，可以调整小版本号即可）
[root@pys ff]# ll 总用量 7452 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 97976 9月 24 00:01 python-2.7.5-88.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 39800 7月 4 2014 python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5918924 9月 24 00:03 python-libs-2.7.5-88.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 82396 11月 21 2016 python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 111048 9月 23 22:20 python-urlgrabber-3.10-10.el7.noarch.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1298672 9月 23 21:53 yum-3.4.3-167.el7.centos.noarch.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 28348 9月 23 21:53 yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 35004 9月 23 21:54 yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-53.el7.noarch.rpm
执行
rpm -ivh python-*
安装python*包 ;
执行
rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
安装yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm包 ;
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm 与yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch.rpm 相互依赖 ;
所以执行
rpm -ivh yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
两个包同时安装 ;
输入 yum -v 测试yum 安装;
4. 修改yum源
cd /etc/yum.repos.d 进入 yum源目录 ;
从http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo 下载yum源,上传至 /etc/yum.repos.d 目录 ,备份原有repo,
修改CentOS7-Base-163.repo 名称为 CentOS-Base.repo
(这一步不是必须的);
修改CentOS-Base.repo 内容 ,替换 $release 为 7 (单签centos版本);替换原有网址为163的网址:
完整内容如下 :
# CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-7 - Base - 163.com #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=os baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-7 - Updates - 163.com #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=updates baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-7 - Extras - 163.com #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=extras baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-7 - Plus - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
5. yum update
运行makecache 生成缓存
yum makecache
运行yum clean all
yum clean all
更新yum文件
yum update
yum update 过程中,可能会出现以下问题:
1. 发现 XX 个已存在的 RPM 数据库问题 :
1.首先yum clean all ,
2.安装 package-cleanup工具，有下面命令就不需要安装了，有的系统会自带
yum install yum-utils
然后更新一下仓库
package-cleanup --cleandupes
2. There are unfinished transactions remaining
1.安装 yum-complete-transaction（这是一个能发现未完成或被中断的yum事务的程序）
yum -y install yum-utils
2.清除yum缓存
yum clean all
3.运行 yum-complete-transaction,清理未完成事务
yum-complete-transaction --cleanup-only
3. conflicts with file from package
conflicts with file from package的问题导致软件安装失败。
需要使用如下命令解决
rpm -ivh --replacefiles xxxx.rpm
4. Rpmdb checksum is invalid: pkg checksums
RUN rpm --rebuilddb命令可以一条条修复rpm, 但是发现
执行 yum clean all , yum makecache 更加直接 .
ref: https://www.cnblogs.com/DiZhang/p/12544744.html