Django+restframework记一次网书项目

学习资料：

    1.django模型字段文档：https://docs.djangoproject.com/…

    2.在SQL中ntext和text类型的的区别：http://www.uzzf.com/news/2210.html

一、搭建环境

    安装virtualenvwrapper:https://www.cnblogs.com/apollo1616/p/10222799.html

    创建虚拟环境： mkvirtualenv –-python= python.exe路径 环境名（net_book）

    进入虚拟环境：workon 环境名（net_book）

    安装依赖包：pip install django==2.2 –i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/

                     pip install pymysql # 连接MySQL数据库

                     pip install django-redis # 连接Redis数据库

                     pip install djangorestframework # RESTFual规则

                     pip install pillow # 图片处理包

二、编辑项目

1、创建项目：django-admin startproject 项目名(net_book) （存放项目的文件夹下）

2、创建应用：python manage.py startapp 应用名(Book) （在项目文件夹下运行）

3、设置settings：

          在INSTALLED_APPS中添加’rest_framework’, ‘Book’,

          LANGUAGE_CODE = ‘zh-hans’

          USE_ZONM = ‘Asia/Shanghai’

          USE_TZ = False

4、创建模型：Pycharm连接Mysql失败. [08001] Could not create c。。。

        Ebook模型：

class Ebook(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    author = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    introduction = models.TextField()
    type = models.IntegerField(default=UNCLASSIFIED)
    status = models.IntegerField(default=SERIAL)
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, default='0')
    thumbnail = models.ImageField(upload_to=f'media/uploads/thumbnail/%Y/%m', default='a')
    bookcase_num = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    vote_num = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    weight = models.IntegerField(default=WEIGHT_DEFAULT)
    class Meta():
        db_table = 'books'

        Content模型：

class Content(models.Model):
    suffix1 = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    suffix2 = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    suffix3 = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    suffix4 = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    suffix5 = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    suffix6 = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    suffix7 = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    suffix8 = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    suffix9 = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    suffix0 = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    book = models.ForeignKey(Ebook, on_delete='PROTECT', null=True, blank=True)
    class Meta():
        db_table = 'contents'

    设置settings：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        # 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        # 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'net_book',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': 'your password',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'POST': '3306',
    }
}

    生成迁移文件：Python manage.py makemigrations

    迁移数据：pyhton manage.py migrate

5、创建序列化器：

    在Books中创建serialization.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from Books.models import *


class EbookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta():
        model = Ebook
        # field = ('id', 'name', 'author', 'introduction', 'type',
        #          'status', 'price', 'thumbnail', 'bookcase_num',
        #          'vote_num', 'weight', )
        fields = '__all__' # 所有字段都序列化

from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from Books.serialization import *

class EbookInfoViews(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Ebook.objects.all() # 指定查询结果集
    serializer_class = EbookSerializer # 指定序列化器

from rest_framework import routers
from Books import views

router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register('books', views.EbookInfoViews)
print(router.urls)

urlpatterns = [

]

urlpatterns += router.urls

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('api/', include('Books.urls'))
]

6、关联查询和序列化

class ChaptersContents(APIView):

    def get(self, request, pk):
        book = Ebook.objects.get(pk=pk)
        chapters_content = book.content_set.all()
        serializer = ContentSerializer(chapters_content, many=True)
	#------------------------------# 多个结果一定要指定many=True

        return Response(serializer.data)