insert into ... on duplicate key update 与 replace 区别

 on duplicate key update：针对主健与唯一健，当插入值中的主健值与表中的主健值，若相同的主健值，就更新on duplicate key update 后面的指定的字段值，若没有相同主健值，就插入该记录

mysql> create table tab_test(fd1 int NOT NULL,fd2  varchar(50),primary key(fd1))engine=innodb;     
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.22 sec)

mysql> insert into tab_test(fd1,fd2) values(1,"matt");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.16 sec)

mysql> insert into tab_test(fd1,fd2) values(2,"toto");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.17 sec)

mysql> insert into tab_test values(3,"toto2");         
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.17 sec)

mysql> insert into tab_test values(3,"toto2") on duplicate key update fd2="test";
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.17 sec)

mysql> select * from tab_test;
+-----+------+
| fd1 | fd2  |
+-----+------+
|   1 | matt |
|   2 | toto |
|   3 | test |
+-----+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into tab_test values(5,"toto2") on duplicate key update fd2="test1";
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.17 sec)

mysql> select * from tab_test;
+-----+-------+
| fd1 | fd2   |
+-----+-------+
|   1 | matt  |
|   2 | toto  |
|   3 | test  |
|   5 | toto2 |
+-----+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

replace :

针对主健与唯一健，当插入值中的主健值与表中的主健值，若相同的主健值，删除该记录,再插入值，若没有相同主健值，就插入该记录

mysql> replace tab_test set fd1=1,fd2="Matt"; 
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.17 sec)

mysql> select * from tab_test;
+-----+-------+
| fd1 | fd2   |
+-----+-------+
|   1 | Matt  |
|   2 | toto  |
|   3 | test  |
|   5 | toto2 |
+-----+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> replace tab_test set fd1=1,fd2="xx";
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.17 sec)

mysql> select * from tab_test;
+-----+-------+
| fd1 | fd2   |
+-----+-------+
|   1 | xx    |
|   2 | toto  |
|   3 | test  |
|   5 | toto2 |
+-----+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)