双冒号操作符即作用域限定操作符Scope Resolution Operator可以访问静态、const和类中重写的属性与方法。
在类定义外使用的话,使用类名调用。在PHP 5.3.0,可以使用变量代替类名。
Program List:用变量在类定义外部访问
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<?php class Fruit { const CONST_VALUE = 'Fruit Color' ; } $classname = 'Fruit' ; echo $classname ::CONST_VALUE; // As of PHP 5.3.0 echo Fruit::CONST_VALUE; ?> |
Program List:在类定义外部使用::
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<?php class Fruit { const CONST_VALUE = 'Fruit Color' ; } class Apple extends Fruit { public static $color = 'Red' ; public static function doubleColon() { echo parent::CONST_VALUE . "
" ; echo self:: $color . "
" ; } } Apple::doubleColon(); ?> |
程序运行结果:
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Fruit Color Red |
Program List:调用parent方法
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<?php class Fruit { protected function showColor() { echo "Fruit::showColor()
" ; } } class Apple extends Fruit { // Override parent's definition public function showColor() { // But still call the parent function parent::showColor(); echo "Apple::showColor()
" ; } } $apple = new Apple(); $apple ->showColor(); ?> |
程序运行结果:
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Fruit::showColor() Apple::showColor() |
Program List:使用作用域限定符
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<?php class Apple { public function showColor() { return $this ->color; } } class Banana { public $color ; public function __construct() { $this ->color = "Banana is yellow" ; } public function GetColor() { return Apple::showColor(); } } $banana = new Banana; echo $banana ->GetColor(); ?> |
程序运行结果:
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Banana is yellow |
Program List:调用基类的方法
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<?php class Fruit { static function color() { return "color" ; } static function showColor() { echo "show " . self::color(); } } class Apple extends Fruit { static function color() { return "red" ; } } Apple::showColor(); // output is "show color"! ?> |
程序运行结果:
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show color |