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  • DHTML (一)

    DOM

              Document Object Model,文档对像模型,表示的是文档内容的结构关系,可以是html也可以是xml。   HTML DOM Node Tree

    HTML

               是超文标记语言,由标签组成的语言,是页面开发的基础语言。

                  基本组成:

                       字体标签:font

                                  属性:  

                                         color 颜色
                                              background-color 背景颜色
                                              size  字体大小
                                       标签:
                                             <b></b> 加粗
                                             <i></i> 倾斜
                                             <u></u> 下划线

                       列表标签:

                                        dl:     定义一个列表项目,具有缩进效果,无符号
                                             dt:    上层列表项
                                             dd:    下层列表项

                                        ol:    有符号、有顺序的列表项目    1aAIi
                                             li:    定义列表项        
                                             ul:    有符号、没有顺序的列表项目    圆形、方形
       

                       表格标签:table

                                      |--thead

                                      |--tbody

                                           |--tr

                                               |--th

                                               |--td

                                      |--tfoot

                       表单标签:form

                               标签:

                                   input输入标签:

                                               常用标签:

                                                     type text 文本

                                                     type radio 单选框

                                                     type password 密码

                                                     type checkbos 复选框

                                                     type image 图片

                                                     type submit 提交

                                                     type button 按钮

                                                     type reset 重置

                                                     type file 文件

                                               textarea:多行文本

                                               select:下拉框

                                                       option:下拉框选项

                         对于单选和复选来说, 如何表示选中呢?
                                    它们有一个属性用来标示是否选中  : checked = true| checked 选中  checked = false| null 未选中
                                    对于select下拉选来说, 如何标示那一项选中呢?
                                    有一个属性用来标示是否选中? selected 用来记录当前select选中项
           
                                    <select id="city">
                                        <option value="北京" selected="selected">北京</option>
                                        <option value="北京">北京</option>
                                        <option value="北京">北京</option>
                                    </select>

                        扩展:
                                    有些时候希望输入信息有提醒功能
                                    <input type="text" name="username" id="username" value="输入QQ号|手机号|邮箱号码" />
       
                                    涉及到两个事件
                                    当前的文本框 获到焦点了
                                    username.onfocus = function(){
                                        if(username.value == "输入QQ号|手机号|邮箱号码" ){
                                            username.value = "";
                                        }
                                    }

                              当前的文本框 失去焦点
                                        username.onblur = function(){
                                        if("" == trim(username.value)){
                                            //username.value == "输入QQ号|手机号|邮箱号码" ;

                                            //关键字 defaultValue  记录标签中 默认的value属性值,这个值不会被修改
                                            username.value == defaultValue;
                                        }
                                    }

                                    属性:
                                                 action: 将form表单中的数据提交给指定的服务器地址
                                                 method: post get

                                                                 post                               get
                                               安全性:          提交的信息不在地址栏显示    在地址栏显示
                                               提交数据大小:   无限制                            2048个字符
                                               数据存放位置:  将请求的信息 提交给服务器 (信息包含2个部分 , 请求头, 请求体)
                                                                       请求体                           请求头   

        

                              为了封装数据: 现在呢 常用div+css的方式进行页面的布局设计
                                          div标签: 封装数据的标签 , 会标签的末尾进行换行        块级元素(标签)
                                          span标签:封装数据的标签 , 不换行                        行内元素(标签)

    CSS

              是层叠样式表

              用于美化HTML,将HTML中的标签用CSS中的属性进行处理。

              HTML与CSS结合的4种方式:

                   1,在标签中用style属性来设置

                   2,在标签中用class属性来关联CSS样式

                   3,通过@import导入CSS样式来设置

                   4,在<head></head>之间通过<link></link>来进行css样式的设置

             CSS三种选择器的使用方式:

                   1,HTML标签名方式

                               div{

                                    color:red;

                               }

                   2,class方式

                              .classname{

                                   color:red;

                              }

                   3,ID方式

                              #idname{

                                   color:red;

                              }

              CSS扩展选择器:

                   1,关联选择器

                                 table tr td{

                                        color=red;

                                 }

                   2,组合选择器

                                table,p,div{

                                        color=red;

                                }

                   3,伪元素选择器

                             link:鼠标点击之前的状态

                             visited:鼠标点击之后的状态

                             hover:鼠标停在当前标签上面的状态

                             active:鼠标点击的状态

    JavaScript

               基于对象的程序设计语言(页面脚本语言)

               变量:
                         隐式类型    typeof(..)
                                        boolean
                                        number
                                        string

                 是弱类型语言,示例:
                                        var s = "123";  variable
                                        var s = 123;
                                        var s = true;

               语句:

                               判断 
                                                      if(){} else {}
                                     选择
                                                      switch(){}
                                     循环
                                                      while(){};

                                                do{} while();

                                                for(){};

              运算符:

                                   && 与

                                   || 或

                                   & | 位运算符

               存放数据的容器:

                                   (java数组、java集合) javascript数组
                                     特点:

                                                   长度可以动态变化。
                                                        存放的元素可以是任意类型的数据。

           with语句

                              简化对象中属性与行为的调用操作
                              语法:   
                                                with(obj){

                                                    .....   
                                                }

                                                with(stu){

                                                    //stu.setName("火");//旧
                                                    //stu.getName();
                       
                                                    setName("火");
                                                    getName()
                                                }

            for in语句
                              遍历对象
               
                                                for( x in stu ){
                                                    x//就是stu中的属性
                                                    alert(x);// name, age
                                                    //alert(stu.x)  不能成功
                                                    alert(str[x]) 成功
                        
                                                 }
               

               注意:

                    1,在javascript中本身没有继承的属性或方法, 而java中有这个操作,通过extends来完成继承。

                          在js中,可以通过prototype来模拟出继承的这个体现
                           2,prototypp这个属性 可以获取当前对象的原型(相当于获取当前对象的父类)

                                      var p=new person();

                                      Student.prototype=p;

                                      var stu=new Student();

                                      stu.setName("done!");

                                      stu.getName();

            javascript常用操作:
                        将信息在页面中通过消息提示框弹出提示:

                            alert("");   
               
                        将信息在页面中 显示:
                                document.write("<font color='red'>文字</font>");

                      JavaScript和HTMLl结合方式
                                        1,在页面中 直接写<script type="text/javascript">.....</script>标签

                                 2,加载一个js文件 <script type="text/javascript" src="1.js">

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhanfuxing/p/3673474.html
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