【Python】Python PYQT4 GUI编程与exe打包

　　本篇文章承接http://www.cnblogs.com/zhang-zhi/p/7646923.html#3807385，上篇文章描述了对文本文件的简单处理，本章节结合PYQT4实现该功能的GUI图形界面化，简单的UI界面可以更好的提高工具的实用性，所以在此进行一下记录。

主要实现功能效果展示如下：

1、打开本地对话框，选择文件

 

2、文件打开，报文输入及报文清空功能

3、核心功能，报文格式转换

4、退出

一、Python GUI开发之PYQT4

1、先安装PYQT4

    有两种方式可以下载：

①pip下载，终端运行pip install pyqt4

②pycharm工具安装

打开pycharm工具，点击“File”→“settings”→“Project：Project Interpreter”→“+（install）”→“输入pyqt4”，安装即可。

2、在pyqt4的安装目录：C:UserszgAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36Libsite-packagesPyQt4下，找到应用程序启动即可。

3、启动designer.exe程序后，进入Qt设计师主界面，就可以开始你的GUI设计之路了。。

4、选择“Main window”窗体，创建~

5、接下来是重点，pyqt4提供了直接将ui文件转为py文件的功能，非常实用，具体方法为：

编辑好ui界面后，点击保存（最好保存在C:UserszgAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36Scripts目录下），终端执行命令：pyuic4 xxx.ui -o xxx.py即可生成py代码文件xxx.py。

6、根据生成的py代码文件，再进行进一步的功能实现，下面贴出我的GUI界面及代码，仅供参考学习~

一个简单的文本处理工具，实现接口报文的转换与生成

 

代码如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'DataRaw.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt4 UI code generator 4.11.4
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
import sys
import re
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
try:
    _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8
except AttributeError:
    def _fromUtf8(s):
        return s

try:
    _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8
    def _translate(context, text, disambig):
        return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding)
except AttributeError:
    def _translate(context, text, disambig):
        return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig)

class Ui_MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        QtGui.QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setupUi(self)

    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("MainWindow"))
        MainWindow.resize(850, 740)
        # MainWindow.setMaximumSize(850, 740)
        #禁止窗口最大化
        MainWindow.setWindowFlags(QtCore.Qt.WindowMinimizeButtonHint)
        #禁止拖拉窗口
        MainWindow.setFixedSize(MainWindow.width(), MainWindow.height());
        MainWindow.setMouseTracking(False)
        icon = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap(_fromUtf8(r"C:UserszgDesktopicoFacebook.ico")), QtGui.QIcon.Normal,QtGui.QIcon.Off)
        MainWindow.setWindowIcon(icon)
        self.centralwidget = QtGui.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("centralwidget"))
        self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(370, 60, 75, 23))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton"))
        self.pushButton_2 = QtGui.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(370, 110, 75, 23))
        self.pushButton_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton_2"))
        self.groupBox = QtGui.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
        self.groupBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 30, 341, 641))
        self.groupBox.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("groupBox"))
        self.textEdit_2 = QtGui.QTextEdit(self.groupBox)
        self.textEdit_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 30, 301, 551))
        #设置报文框字体
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily(_fromUtf8("新宋体"))
        font.setPointSize(10)
        font.setBold(False)
        font.setWeight(50)
        self.textEdit_2.setFont(font)
        self.textEdit_2.setMidLineWidth(1)
        #设置报文框垂直滚动条
        self.textEdit_2.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(QtCore.Qt.ScrollBarAsNeeded)
        #设置报文框水平滚动条
        self.textEdit_2.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(QtCore.Qt.ScrollBarAsNeeded)
        self.textEdit_2.setTabChangesFocus(True)
        self.textEdit_2.setUndoRedoEnabled(False)
        #设置报文框取消自动换行
        self.textEdit_2.setLineWrapMode(QtGui.QTextEdit.NoWrap)
        self.textEdit_2.setOverwriteMode(False)
        self.textEdit_2.setCursorWidth(1)
        self.textEdit_2.setTextInteractionFlags(QtCore.Qt.LinksAccessibleByKeyboard | QtCore.Qt.LinksAccessibleByMouse | QtCore.Qt.TextBrowserInteraction | QtCore.Qt.TextEditable | QtCore.Qt.TextEditorInteraction | QtCore.Qt.TextSelectableByKeyboard | QtCore.Qt.TextSelectableByMouse)
        self.textEdit_2.setMouseTracking(True)
        self.textEdit_2.setAutoFillBackground(False)
        self.textEdit_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("textEdit_2"))

        self.pushButton_3 = QtGui.QPushButton(self.groupBox)
        self.pushButton_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 590, 101, 41))
        self.pushButton_3.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton_3"))
        self.pushButton_4 = QtGui.QPushButton(self.groupBox)
        self.pushButton_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(220, 590, 101, 41))
        self.pushButton_4.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton_4"))
        self.groupBox_2 = QtGui.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
        self.groupBox_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(460, 30, 370, 641))
        self.groupBox_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("groupBox_2"))
        self.textEdit = QtGui.QTextEdit(self.groupBox_2)
        self.textEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 30, 332, 591))
        #结果框字体设置
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily(_fromUtf8("新宋体"))
        font.setPointSize(10)
        font.setBold(False)
        font.setWeight(50)
        self.textEdit.setFont(font)
        self.textEdit.setMidLineWidth(1)
        #结果框垂直滚动条设置开关
        self.textEdit.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(QtCore.Qt.ScrollBarAsNeeded)
        # 结果框水平滚动条设置开关
        self.textEdit.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(QtCore.Qt.ScrollBarAsNeeded)
        self.textEdit.setTabChangesFocus(True)
        self.textEdit.setUndoRedoEnabled(False)
        #结果框取消自动换行
        self.textEdit.setLineWrapMode(QtGui.QTextEdit.NoWrap)
        self.textEdit.setOverwriteMode(False)
        self.textEdit.setCursorWidth(1)
        self.textEdit.setTextInteractionFlags(QtCore.Qt.LinksAccessibleByKeyboard | QtCore.Qt.LinksAccessibleByMouse | QtCore.Qt.TextBrowserInteraction | QtCore.Qt.TextEditable | QtCore.Qt.TextEditorInteraction | QtCore.Qt.TextSelectableByKeyboard | QtCore.Qt.TextSelectableByMouse)
        self.textEdit.setMouseTracking(True)
        self.textEdit.setAutoFillBackground(False)
        self.textEdit.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("textEdit"))

        # self.customContextMenuRequested(QPoint)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtGui.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 23))
        self.menubar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("menubar"))
        self.menu = QtGui.QMenu(self.menubar)
        self.menu.setContextMenuPolicy(QtCore.Qt.DefaultContextMenu)
        self.menu.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("menu"))
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtGui.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("statusbar"))
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
        self.action = QtGui.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.action.setCheckable(False)
        icon = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap(_fromUtf8(r"C:UserszgDesktop---icoOpen.ico")), QtGui.QIcon.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.Off)
        self.action.setIcon(icon)
        self.action.setShortcutContext(QtCore.Qt.WidgetShortcut)
        self.action.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("action"))
        self.action_2 = QtGui.QAction(MainWindow)
        icon1 = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon1.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap(_fromUtf8(r"C:UserszgDesktop---icoLog Out.ico")), QtGui.QIcon.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.Off)
        self.action_2.setIcon(icon1)
        self.action_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("action_2"))
        self.menu.addAction(self.action)
        self.menu.addAction(self.action_2)
        self.menubar.addAction(self.menu.menuAction())

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QObject.connect(self.action_2, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("triggered()")), MainWindow.close)
        QtCore.QObject.connect(self.action, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("triggered()")), self.openfile)
        QtCore.QObject.connect(self.pushButton, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("clicked()")), self.soap)
        QtCore.QObject.connect(self.pushButton_2, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("clicked()")), self.http)
        QtCore.QObject.connect(self.pushButton_3, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("clicked()")), self.openfile)
        QtCore.QObject.connect(self.pushButton_4, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("clicked()")), self.textEdit_2.clear)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def soap(self):
        linenum = 1
        header = 'soap_request(
	"StepName=google", 
	"ExpectedResponse=AnySoap", 
	"URL=http://api.google.com/search/beta2", 
	"SOAPEnvelope= "
	"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>"
'
        last = '
	'+'"Snapshot=t1.inf",
	"ResponseParam=result",
	LAST );'
        src = self.textEdit_2.toPlainText()
        lines = src.splitlines()
        Message = ''
        for line in lines:
            #判断该行是否为空行
            if len(line.strip())>0:
                #找出每行第一个非空字符的位置
                num = re.search(r'S', line).span()[0]
                if linenum < len(lines):
                    #对每行进行拼接
                    line = "	"+line[:num] + '"' + line[num:].replace('"',r'"').rstrip() + '"' + '
'
                    linenum += 1
                else:
                    line = "	"+line[:num] + '"' + line[num:].replace('"',r'"').rstrip() + '"' + ','
            else:
                line = '
'
                linenum += 1
            Message += line
        if len(lines)>0:
            try:
                Trans_Message = header + Message + last
                #输出到界面
                self.textEdit.clear()
                self.textEdit.append(Trans_Message)
            except:
                print("输入错误")
        else:
            print("异常")
    # http报文转换
    def http(self):
        linenum = 1
        header = 'web_custom_request(
	"name",
	"Method=POST",
	"URL=http://{SERVERIP}:7017/ciitcmp/commserver",
	"Body="
'
        last = '	LAST );'
        src = self.textEdit_2.toPlainText()
        lines = src.splitlines()
        Message = ''
        for line in lines:
            # 判断是否是空行
            if len(line.strip()) == 0 or line.startswith('#'):
                continue
                # data = '
	
'
                linenum += 1
            elif len(line.strip()) > 0 and linenum < len(lines):
                num = re.search(r'S', line).span()[0]
                data = '	' + line[:num] + '"' + line[num:].replace('"', r'"').rstrip() + '"' + '
'
                linenum += 1
            else:
                num = re.search(r'S', line).span()[0]
                data = '	' + line[:num] + '"' + line[num:].replace('"', r'"').rstrip() + '"' + ',' + '
'
            Message += data
        if len(lines)>0:
            try:
                # #print(myMd5_Digest)
                Trans_Message = header + Message + last
                #输出到界面
                self.textEdit.clear()
                self.textEdit.append(Trans_Message)
            except:
                pass
        else:
            pass
    #打开本地文件夹
    def openfile(self):
        try:
            filename = QtGui.QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self,"Open file","/")
            with open(filename, 'r') as f:
                FileData = f.read()
            self.textEdit_2.setPlainText(FileData)
        except:
            print("关闭文件对话框！")
    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "文本处理工具V2.0 By:---", None))
        MainWindow.setStatusTip(_translate("MainWindow", "文本处理工具", None))
        self.pushButton.setStatusTip(_translate("MainWindow", "点击将报文转换为soap请求", None))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "SOAP", None))
        self.pushButton_2.setStatusTip(_translate("MainWindow", "点击将报文转换为http请求", None))
        self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "HTTP", None))
        self.groupBox.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "报文", None))
        self.textEdit_2.setStatusTip(_translate("MainWindow", "文本输入框", None))
        self.pushButton_3.setStatusTip(_translate("MainWindow", "点击打开本地文件", None))
        self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Open", None))
        self.pushButton_4.setStatusTip(_translate("MainWindow", "点击清除文本框内容", None))
        self.pushButton_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Clear", None))
        self.groupBox_2.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "结果", None))
        self.textEdit.setStatusTip(_translate("MainWindow", "结果输出框", None))
        self.menu.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "文件", None))
        self.action.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "打开", None))
        self.action.setStatusTip(_translate("MainWindow", "点击打开本地文件", None))
        self.action.setShortcut(_translate("MainWindow", "Ctrl+D", None))
        self.action_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "退出", None))
        self.action_2.setStatusTip(_translate("MainWindow", "点击退出程序", None))
        self.action_2.setShortcut(_translate("MainWindow", "Ctrl+C", None))
if __name__ =='__main__':
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    Form = QtGui.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(Form)
    Form.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

二、将py文件打包成exe文件

    实现exe文件打包的工具很多，如：pyinstaller、py2exe、cxfreeze等，这里使用cxfreeze进行文件打包，直接使用pip install pyinstaller安装pyinstaller即可。

此时可以为exe文件添加自己想要的ico图标，方法如下：

注意：将ico文件放在py文件相同目录下，并修改xxx.spec文件（与xxx.py文件同一目录下，相同名字的spec文件）

打开终端，执行pyinstaller xxx.spec

生成exe文件~

笔者用cxfreeze进行过exe文件的打包，过程中发生了一下，特此记录一下~

①、安装cxfreeze完毕后，到安装目录C:UserszgAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36Scriptspyinstaller下，运行命令行窗口，执行命令cxfreeze，若发生以下报错

②、需在该目录下，创建cxfreeze.bat文件，文件内容为

3、执行如下命令打包即可

cxfreeze xxx.py --target-dir=d:dist --icon=d:xxxx.ico

　　以上就是就是Python PYQT4的简单应用了，实现的功能比较简单，后续会在进行相应的功能优化，敬请期待~~~