Android 获取手机通讯录信息 — 头像、姓名和A-Z的快速查询

 首先先看一下效果图再说吧：

具体实现过程如下：

先在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加读取联系人的权限：

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />

联系人列表对应的适配器：

package com.example.testcontacts.adapter;

import java.util.List;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.SectionIndexer;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.example.testcontacts.R;
import com.example.testcontacts.domain.Contact;

public class ContactAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Contact> {
    private int resource;// 需要渲染的item布局文件
    private SectionIndexer mIndexer;// 字母表分组工具

    public ContactAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId,List<Contact> objects) {
        super(context, textViewResourceId, objects);
        resource = textViewResourceId;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        Contact contact = getItem(position);
        View view = convertView == null ? View.inflate(getContext(),  R.layout.contact_item, null) : convertView;
        LinearLayout ll_sort_key = (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.ll_sort_key);
        TextView tv_sort_key = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_sort_key);
        TextView tv_name = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_name);
        TextView tv_number = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_number);

        tv_name.setText(contact.getName());
        tv_number.setText(contact.getNumber());
        
        int section = mIndexer.getSectionForPosition(position);
        if (position == mIndexer.getPositionForSection(section)) {
            tv_sort_key.setText(contact.getSortKey());
            ll_sort_key.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        }else{
            ll_sort_key.setVisibility(View.GONE);
        }
        return view;
    }
    
    /**给当前适配器传入一个分组工具*/
    public void setIndexer(SectionIndexer indexer) {  
        mIndexer = indexer;
    }
}

实体类：

package com.example.testcontacts.domain;

public class Contact {
    private String name;// 联系人姓名
    private String sortKey;// 排序字母
    private String number;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getSortKey() {
        return sortKey;
    }

    public void setSortKey(String sortKey) {
        this.sortKey = sortKey;
    }

    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }

    public void setNumber(String number) {
        this.number = number;
    }
}

java类：

package com.example.testcontacts;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams;
import android.widget.AbsListView;
import android.widget.AbsListView.OnScrollListener;
import android.widget.AlphabetIndexer;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.example.testcontacts.adapter.ContactAdapter;
import com.example.testcontacts.domain.Contact;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private LinearLayout ll_title;// 分组的布局
    private RelativeLayout rl_toast;
    private Button btn_alphabet;
    private TextView tv_title; // 分组上显示的字母
    private TextView tv_toast;
    private ListView lv_contacts;// 联系人ListView

    private ContactAdapter adapter;// 联系人列表适配器
    private AlphabetIndexer indexer;// 用于进行字母表分组
    private List<Contact> contacts = new ArrayList<Contact>();// 存储所有手机中的联系人
    private String alphabet = "#ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";// 定义字母表的排序规则
    private int lastFirstVisibleItem = -1;// 上次第一个可见元素，用于滚动时记录标识。

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        adapter = new ContactAdapter(this, R.layout.contact_item, contacts);
        ll_title = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.ll_title);
        rl_toast = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.rl_section_toast);
        tv_title = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_title);
        tv_toast = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_section_toast);
        btn_alphabet = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_alphabet);
        lv_contacts = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv_contacts);

        Uri uri = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI;
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri,
                new String[] { "display_name", "sort_key", }, null, null,
                "sort_key");
        if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            do {
                String name = cursor.getString(0);
                String sortKey = getSortKey(cursor.getString(1));
                Contact contact = new Contact();
                contact.setName(name);
                contact.setSortKey(sortKey);
                contacts.add(contact);
            } while (cursor.moveToNext());
        }
        startManagingCursor(cursor);
        indexer = new AlphabetIndexer(cursor, 1, alphabet);
        adapter.setIndexer(indexer);
        if (contacts.size() > 0) {
             setListViewListener();
             setAlpabetListener();
        }
    }

    /** 根据当前的滑动状态来改变分组的显示位置，从而实现挤压动画的效果 */
    private void setListViewListener() {
        lv_contacts.setAdapter(adapter);
        lv_contacts.setOnScrollListener(new OnScrollListener() {
            @Override
            public void onScrollStateChanged(AbsListView view, int scrollState) {
            }

            @Override
            public void onScroll(AbsListView view, int firstVisibleItem,
                    int visibleItemCount, int totalItemCount) {
                int section = indexer.getSectionForPosition(firstVisibleItem);//当前分组所在的位置
                int nextSecPosition = indexer.getPositionForSection(section + 1);//找出当前位置所在的分组
                if (firstVisibleItem != lastFirstVisibleItem) {
                    MarginLayoutParams params = (MarginLayoutParams) ll_title
                            .getLayoutParams();
                    params.topMargin = 0;
                    ll_title.setLayoutParams(params);
                    tv_title.setText(String.valueOf(alphabet.charAt(section)));
                }
                if (nextSecPosition == firstVisibleItem + 1) {
                    View childView = view.getChildAt(0);
                    if (childView != null) {
                        int titleHeight = ll_title.getHeight();
                        int bottom = childView.getBottom();
                        MarginLayoutParams params = (MarginLayoutParams) ll_title
                                .getLayoutParams();
                        if (bottom < titleHeight) {
                            float pushedDistance = bottom - titleHeight;
                            params.topMargin = (int) pushedDistance;
                            ll_title.setLayoutParams(params);
                        } else {
                            if (params.topMargin != 0) {
                                params.topMargin = 0;
                                ll_title.setLayoutParams(params);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                lastFirstVisibleItem = firstVisibleItem;
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 获取sort key的首个字符，如果是英文字母就直接返回，否则返回#。
     * @param sortKeyString 数据库中读取出的sort key
     * @return 英文字母或者#
     */
    private String getSortKey(String sortKeyString) {
        String key = sortKeyString.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase();
        if (key.matches("[A-Z]")) {
            return key;
        }
        return "#";
    }

    /**
     * 设置字母表上的触摸事件，根据当前触摸的位置结合字母表的高度，计算出当前触摸在哪个字母上。 
     * 当手指按在字母表上时，展示弹出式分组。手指离开字母表时，将弹出式分组隐藏。
     */
    private void setAlpabetListener() {
        btn_alphabet.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
                float alphabetHeight = btn_alphabet.getHeight();//获得字母表的总高度
                float y = event.getY();//获取到目前手指在字母表上的纵坐标
                int sectionPosition = (int) ((y/alphabetHeight)/(1f/27f));//当前手指所在位置(0表在#端，1表示在Z端)。
                if (sectionPosition < 0) {
                    sectionPosition = 0;
                } else if (sectionPosition > 26) {
                    sectionPosition = 26;
                }
                String sectionLetter = String.valueOf(alphabet.charAt(sectionPosition));
                int position = indexer.getPositionForSection(sectionPosition);
                switch (event.getAction()) {
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN://在弹出式分组上显示当前手指所按的字母
                    btn_alphabet.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.contact_list_scroll_pressed);
                    rl_toast.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    tv_toast.setText(sectionLetter);
                    lv_contacts.setSelection(position);//把列表滚动到相应的分组
                    break;
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE://同ACTION_DOWN
                    tv_toast.setText(sectionLetter);
                    lv_contacts.setSelection(position);
                    break;
                default://弹出式分组布局隐藏
                    btn_alphabet.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.contact_list_scroll_normal);
                    rl_toast.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                }
                return true;
            }
        });
    }
}

样式：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >

    <corners
        android:bottomLeftRadius="0dp"
        android:bottomRightRadius="0dp"
        android:topLeftRadius="0dp"
        android:topRightRadius="0dp" />

    <gradient
        android:angle="90"
        android:endColor="#8BC4DF"
        android:startColor="#8BC4DF" />

    <stroke android:width="1dp" />

</shape>

布局文件：

在res/layout中新建一个布局文件，起名为：activity.main.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/lv_contacts"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:divider="@drawable/divider1"
        android:dividerHeight="1dp"
        android:fadingEdge="none"
        android:scrollbars="none" >
    </ListView>

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/ll_title"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="18dp"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:background="@drawable/itembg" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_title"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
            android:textColor="#000000"
            android:textSize="14sp" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_alphabet"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:background="@drawable/contact_list_scroll_normal" />

    <RelativeLayout
        android:id="@+id/rl_section_toast"
        android:layout_width="70dp"
        android:layout_height="70dp"
        android:layout_centerInParent="true"
        android:background="@drawable/section_toast"
        android:visibility="gone" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_section_toast"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"
            android:textColor="#000"
            android:textSize="30sp" />
    </RelativeLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

在res/layout中新建一个布局文件，起名为：contact_item.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/ll_sort_key"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="18dip"
        android:background="@drawable/itembg" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_sort_key"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"
            android:text="A"
            android:textColor="#000000"
            android:textSize="14sp" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/ll_name"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dip" >

        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="40dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
            android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"
            android:layout_marginRight="10dip"
            android:src="@drawable/icon" />

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_gravity="top"
            android:orientation="vertical" >

            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/tv_name"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
                android:text="张三"
                android:textColor="#000000"
                android:textSize="18sp" />

            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/tv_number"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
                android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
                android:text="186057986"
                android:textColor="#88000000"
                android:textSize="12sp" />
        </LinearLayout>
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>