一.for 循环
for循环专门用来取值 在循环取值方面比while循环要强大 以后但凡遇到循环的场景 就应该用for循环.
示范:
0 1 2 l=['a','b','c'] for i in range(3): print(i,l[i])
for+break
示范
names=['egon','ales','hulaoshi'] for name in names: if name == 'alex':break print
for+continue
示范
for+continue names=['egon','kevin','alex','hulaoshi'] for name in names: if name == 'alex':continue print(name)
for+else else的子代码块著有在while的循环没有被break打断的情况下才会执行
示范
names=['egon','kevin','alex','hulaoshi'] for name in names: if name == 'alex':break print(name) eles: print('=====>')
for循环嵌套
示范
for i in range(3): #i=2 for j in range(2): #j=1 print(i,j) 当外层循环一次 内层循环一整套程序
二 数字类型
类型转换
print(int(3.1)) res=int('1111111') print(res,type(res)) res=float('111111.1') print(res,type(res))
了解(**)
十进制转成。。。进制
print(bin(13))
print(oct(13))
print(hex(13))
十进制转成。。。进制
print(bin(13))
print(oct(13))
print(hex(13))
3、常用操作+内置的方法
存一个值
不可变
x=10
print(id(x))
x=11
print(id(x))
x=10
print(id(x))
x=11
print(id(x))
1. 浮点型float
1、用途:记录身高、体重、薪资等
2、定义方式
salary=10.1 # salary=float(10.1)
salary=10.1 # salary=float(10.1)
类型转换
print(float(10))
print(float(1.1))
print(float('1.1'))
print(float(10))
print(float(1.1))
print(float('1.1'))
3、常用操作+内置的方法
存一个值
不可变
x=10.3
print(id(x))
x=11.2
print(id(x))
x=10.3
print(id(x))
x=11.2
print(id(x))
三 字符串类型
3、常用操作+内置的方法
优先掌握的操作:(*****)
1、按索引取值(正向取+反向取) :只能取
msg='hello world'
2、切片(顾头不顾尾,步长)
msg='hello world'
print(msg[0]+msg[1]+msg[2])
print(msg[0:5])
print(msg[0:5:2]) #0 2 4
print(msg[0:]) #
print(msg[:]) #
print(msg[-1:-5:-1]) #-1 -2 -3 -4
print(msg[::-1]) #-1 -2 -3 -4
5、移除空白strip:移除字符串左右两边的某些字符
msg=' hello '
6、切分split: 把有规律的字符串切成列表从而方便取值
info='egon:18:180:150'
res=info.split(':',1)
print(res)
print(res[1])
info='egon:18:180:150'
res=info.split(':')
print(res)
s1=res[0]+':'+res[1]+':'+res[2]+':'+res[3]
s1=''
for item in res:
s1+=item
print(s1)
s1=':'.join(res)
print(s1)
5、split,rsplit
cmd='get|a.txt|33333'
print(cmd.split('|',1))
print(cmd.rsplit('|',1))
6、replace
msg='kevin is sb kevin kevin'
print(msg.replace('kevin','sb',2))
res='xxxkevin is sb kevin'.find('kevasdfsadfin')
print(res)
字符串类型str
1、用途:记录描述性值的状态,比如名字、性别等
1、用途:记录描述性值的状态,比如名字、性别等
2、定义方式
msg='hello world' #msg=str('hello world')
msg='hello world' #msg=str('hello world')
类型转换: 可以把任意类型专场字符串类型
res1=str(10)
res2=str(10.3)
res3=str([1,2,3])
res4=str({'x':1}) #res4="{'x':1}"
res1=str(10)
res2=str(10.3)
res3=str([1,2,3])
res4=str({'x':1}) #res4="{'x':1}"
print(type(res1))
print(type(res2))
print(type(res3))
print(type(res4))
print(type(res2))
print(type(res3))
print(type(res4))
3、常用操作+内置的方法
优先掌握的操作:(*****)
1、按索引取值(正向取+反向取) :只能取
msg='hello world'
print(type(msg[0]))
print(msg[-1])
print(msg[-1])
msg[0]='H'
2、切片(顾头不顾尾,步长)
msg='hello world'
print(msg[0]+msg[1]+msg[2])
print(msg[0:5])
print(msg[0:5:2]) #0 2 4
print(msg[0:]) #
print(msg[:]) #
print(msg[-1:-5:-1]) #-1 -2 -3 -4
print(msg[::-1]) #-1 -2 -3 -4
3、长度len:统计的是字符的个数
msg='h你d'
print(len(msg))
msg='h你d'
print(len(msg))
4、成员运算in和not in:判断一个子字符串是否存在与一个大字符串中
msg='hello world'
print('ho' in msg)
print('ho' not in msg)
msg='hello world'
print('ho' in msg)
print('ho' not in msg)
5、移除空白strip:移除字符串左右两边的某些字符
msg=' hello '
print(msg.strip(' '))
print(msg.strip())
print(msg)
print(msg.strip())
print(msg)
name=input('name>>>: ').strip() #name='egon'
pwd=input('password>>>: ').strip()
pwd=input('password>>>: ').strip()
if name == 'egon' and pwd == '123':
print('login successfull')
else:
print('username or password error')
print('login successfull')
else:
print('username or password error')
msg='***h**ello**********'
print(msg.strip('*'))
print(msg.strip('*'))
msg='*-=+h/ello*(_+__'
print(msg.strip('*-=+/(_'))
print(msg.strip('*-=+/(_'))
6、切分split: 把有规律的字符串切成列表从而方便取值
info='egon:18:180:150'
res=info.split(':',1)
print(res)
print(res[1])
info='egon:18:180:150'
res=info.split(':')
print(res)
s1=res[0]+':'+res[1]+':'+res[2]+':'+res[3]
s1=''
for item in res:
s1+=item
print(s1)
s1=':'.join(res)
print(s1)
':'.join([1,2,3,4,5])
7、循环
for i in 'hello':
print(i)
for i in 'hello':
print(i)
需要掌握的操作(****)
1、strip,lstrip,rstrip
msg='*****hello****'
print(msg.strip('*'))
print(msg.lstrip('*'))
print(msg.rstrip('*'))
1、strip,lstrip,rstrip
msg='*****hello****'
print(msg.strip('*'))
print(msg.lstrip('*'))
print(msg.rstrip('*'))
2、lower,upper
msg='AaBbCc123123123'
print(msg.lower())
print(msg.upper())
msg='AaBbCc123123123'
print(msg.lower())
print(msg.upper())
3、startswith,endswith
msg='alex is dsb'
print(msg.startswith('alex'))
print(msg.endswith('sb'))
msg='alex is dsb'
print(msg.startswith('alex'))
print(msg.endswith('sb'))
4、format的三种玩法
msg='my name is %s my age is %s' %('egon',18)
print(msg)
msg='my name is %s my age is %s' %('egon',18)
print(msg)
msg='my name is {name} my age is {age}'.format(age=18,name='egon')
print(msg)
print(msg)
了解
msg='my name is {} my age is {}'.format(18,'egon')
msg='my name is {0}{0} my age is {1}{1}{1}'.format(18,'egon')
print(msg)
msg='my name is {} my age is {}'.format(18,'egon')
msg='my name is {0}{0} my age is {1}{1}{1}'.format(18,'egon')
print(msg)
5、split,rsplit
cmd='get|a.txt|33333'
print(cmd.split('|',1))
print(cmd.rsplit('|',1))
6、replace
msg='kevin is sb kevin kevin'
print(msg.replace('kevin','sb',2))
7、isdigit #当字符串内为纯数字时结果为True
res='11111'
print(res.isdigit())
int(res)
res='11111'
print(res.isdigit())
int(res)
age_of_bk=18
inp_age=input('your age: ').strip()
if inp_age.isdigit():
inp_age=int(inp_age) #int('asdfasdfadfasdf')
if inp_age > 18:
print('too big')
elif inp_age < 18:
print('to small')
else:
print('you got it')
else:
print('必须输入纯数字')
inp_age=input('your age: ').strip()
if inp_age.isdigit():
inp_age=int(inp_age) #int('asdfasdfadfasdf')
if inp_age > 18:
print('too big')
elif inp_age < 18:
print('to small')
else:
print('you got it')
else:
print('必须输入纯数字')
了解(**)
1、find,rfind,index,rindex,count
print('xxxkevin is sb kevin'.find('kevin'))
print('xxxkevin is sb kevin'.index('kevin'))
print('xxxkevin is sb kevin'.rfind('kevin'))
print('xxxkevin is sb kevin'.rindex('kevin'))
1、find,rfind,index,rindex,count
print('xxxkevin is sb kevin'.find('kevin'))
print('xxxkevin is sb kevin'.index('kevin'))
print('xxxkevin is sb kevin'.rfind('kevin'))
print('xxxkevin is sb kevin'.rindex('kevin'))
res='xxxkevin is sb kevin'.find('kevasdfsadfin')
print(res)
res='xxxkevin is sb kevin'.index('kevasdfsadfin')
print('kevin is kevin is kevin is sb'.count('kevin'))
2、center,ljust,rjust,zfill
print('egon'.center(50,'*'))
print('egon'.ljust(50,'*'))
print('egon'.rjust(50,'*'))
print('egon'.zfill(50))
print('egon'.center(50,'*'))
print('egon'.ljust(50,'*'))
print('egon'.rjust(50,'*'))
print('egon'.zfill(50))
3、captalize,swapcase,title
print('my name is kevin'.capitalize())
print('AaBbCc'.swapcase())
print('my name is kevin'.title())
print('my name is kevin'.capitalize())
print('AaBbCc'.swapcase())
print('my name is kevin'.title())
4、is其他
name='egon123'
print(name.isalnum()) #字符串由字母或数字组成
print(name.isalpha()) #字符串只由字母组成
name='egon123'
print(name.isalnum()) #字符串由字母或数字组成
print(name.isalpha()) #字符串只由字母组成
print(name.islower())
print(name.isupper())
name=' '
print(name.isspace())
msg='I Am Egon'
print(msg.istitle())
print(name.isupper())
name=' '
print(name.isspace())
msg='I Am Egon'
print(msg.istitle())