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  • Oracle触发器使用介绍

    create or replace

    trigger is tri_update[/insert/delete/UID]_tableName

      before[after]  insert[update/delete/or 。。。] on  tableName

    [for each row]--这个一般都要加上,因为我们一般都是行级触发器,即对每一行都操作

    [declare

      locateParamater1 type;

    locateParamater1 type;]

    --又见begin...end;

    begin

    --do something;

    end;

    在给实例之前,想说说自己使用触发器的几个感受:

    (1)关于new和old,在使用之前联系实际想一想吧,insert的时候肯定没有old啊,delete的时候肯定没有new啊,只有update的时候old和new同时拥有,还要指出的是new和old都是rowtype的,即可以代表相应的一行。对于new和old的实际用法,请看实例。

    (2)对于when的时候,要注意里面的old和new,没有冒号。还有在写raise_application_error的时候要注意他的参赛格式(number,‘Some thing you want to say’),其中的number是从-20000到-20999

    贴代码了

    /*完成:
    1、当向SC表插入数据时,修改(或添加)SC_NUMBER(包括学生学号和选课门数两列)表格中的数据。*/

    create or replace
    trigger tr_Insert_Sc after insert on sc
    for each row
    begin
    --insert 的时候使用:new
    update SC_Number set ccount=ccount+1 where SC_Number.Sno=:new.Sno;
    end;
    /*
    2、当删除SC表中数据时,修改(或添加)SC_NUMBER中的数据。*/
    insert into sc values('008','C01','92');
    delete from sc where sno='008' and cno='C01'
    select * from sc where sno='008'
    select * from SC_Number;
    create or replace
    trigger tr_Delete_Sc after delete on sc
    for each row
    begin
    update SC_Number set ccount=ccount-1 where SC_Number.Sno=:old.Sno;
    end;
    /*
    3、当修改SC表中数据时,若修改的是学号,则对应修改SC_NUMBER表中的选课门数,
    否则打印“某某(学生姓名)的学生选课信息已经修改”信息。*/
    insert into sc values('008','C01','92');
    delete from sc where sno='008' and cno='C01'
    select * from sc where sno='008'
    select * from sc where sno='002'
    select * from SC_Number;
    update sc set sno='008' where sno='002'
    update sc set grade=90 where sno='008' and cno='C06'
    create or replace
    trigger tr_Edit_SC after update on SC
    for each row
    declare
    student_name student.sname%type;
    begin
    if :new.sno=:old.sno then
    select sname into student_name from student where student.sno=:new.sno;
    dbms_output.put_line(student_name||'Have changed');
    end if;
    if :new.sno<>:old.sno then
    update SC_Number set ccount=ccount-1 where SC_Number.Sno=:old.Sno;
    update SC_Number set ccount=ccount+1 where SC_Number.Sno=:new.Sno;
    end if;
    end;

    /* 1、修改STUDENT表数据时,限制不能修改学生的系别(不能修改CS系学生的系别)。*/
    select * from student;
    update student set student.sname='XXX' where student.sno='003';
    create or replace
    trigger tr_Edit_Student_cons before update on student
    for each row
    when(old.sdept='CS')
    begin
    raise_application_error(-20044,'You Cannot edit the information of cs department');
    end;
    /*2、插入课程时,课程号以‘S’开头的课程的学分不能低于3分。*/
    insert into course values('S01','Oracle',3,4)
    delete from course where course.cno='S01';
    select * from course;
    create or replace
    trigger tr_Edit_Course_cons before insert on course
    for each row
    when(new.credit<=5 and new.cno like 'S%')
    begin
    raise_application_error(-20023,'You can not insert the course name ');
    end;

    /*
    3、不能删除90分以上学生的选课信息。*/
    update sc set grade=98 where sno='003' and cno='C10'
    delete from sc where sno='003' and cno='C10'
    select * from sc;
    create or replace
    trigger tr_delete_SC before delete on SC
    for each row
    when(old.grade>90)
    begin
    raise_application_error(-20017,'My grade beyond 90,You cannot delete me');
    end;

    /*
    插入Student表中数据时,CS系学生的年龄不能大于30岁。*/
    select * from student;
    insert into student values('044','Shawn',21,'m','CS');
    delete from student where student.sno='044';
    create or replace
    trigger tr_insert_Student before insert on student
    for each row
    when(new.sdept='CS' and new.sage>30)
    begin
    raise_application_error(-20078,'I am a Cs student.My age should little than 30');
    end;

    /*

    当修改Student表中的年龄字段时,使其只能增加,不能减少。*/
    select * from student;
    update student set sage=38 where sno='004'
    create or replace
    trigger tr_update_Student before update on student
    for each row
    when(new.sage<old.sage)
    begin
    raise_application_error(-20089,'Only can beyond the old age!');
    end;
    /*

    删除Student表中的学生信息时,判断在SC表中该学生的平均成绩是否高于60,若高于60,
    则不能删除,否则允许删除,同时删除SC表该学生对应的选课信息。*/
    select round(avg(grade),2),sno from sc group by sno
    delete from student where student.sno='004'
    select * from sc

    select * from student where student.sno='001'
    create or replace
    trigger tr_delete_student_cons before delete on student
    for each row
    declare
    avg_score number(4,2);
    begin
    select round(avg(grade),2) into avg_score from sc where sc.sno=:old.sno;
    if avg_score>70.00 then
    raise_application_error(-20058,'My average score beyond 60!!!!');
    else
    delete from sc where sc.sno=:old.sno;
    end if;

    end;
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhukezhuke/p/2344046.html
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