winform基础窗体设置及基础控件

winform基础窗体设置及基础控件

 

WinForm - 也叫做C/S  客户端

另：B/S是 网页端

客户端应用程序 - 是需要安装在用户电脑上才可以使用的程序

特点： 不需要联网也可以打开使用部分功能，但是现在的情况是许多功能依然需要互联网的支持，代码部分在用户电脑上执行

使用VS新建项目-Windows窗体应用程序

在打开的设计界面上，右击窗口点击属性，即可设置窗体本身的各种属性：

布局：

AutoScroll：当窗体中内容超出可见区域时，自动显示滚动条

Location：窗体距离桌面左上角的距离坐标，需要配合StartPosition中的Manual使用

MaximumSize：窗体可以调整到的最大大小

MinimumSize：窗体可以调整到的最小大小

Size：窗体的大小

StartPosition：确定窗体第一次出现时（打开时）的位置 Manual：配合Location设置距离桌面左上角的距离 CenterScreen：根据桌面居中

WindowState：窗体打开时的状态（普通 最小化 最大化）

窗口样式：

Icon：窗体的图标（在窗体左上角以及下方任务栏中显示的图标）

MaximizeBox：确定窗体标题栏右上角是否有最大化框（设置是否可用）

MinimizeBox：确定窗体标题栏的右上角是否有最小化框（单独设置则为灰色不可用 如果最小化最大化都设置为false 则二者都不显示）

Opacity：窗体透明度

ShowInTaskbar：确定窗体是否出现在Windows任务栏中（桌面下方任务栏）

TopMost：设置是否在顶层（分顶层和底层 顶层窗体可以遮挡住所有底部窗体 同层窗体可互相遮挡）

设计：

Name：窗体的名字（在程序中使用的 并非窗口显示的标题）

外观：

BackColor：背景颜色

Backgroundimage：背景图片（最好导入到项目中使用）

BackgroundimageLayout：设置背景图片布局

Cursor：设置鼠标悬浮时的样式

Font：字体设置

ForeColor：前景颜色（文本）

FromBorderStyle：窗体边框和标题栏的外观样式（FixedSingle 不可调整大小 Sizeble 默认 None 无边框和标题栏）

Text:窗体的标题栏文字

不规则窗体：

例：把加速球放到记事本框中并截图，此时图片背景是白色，利用窗口样式中的TransparencyKey属性（绘制到窗体上时显示为透明的颜色）设置为白色，所有白色背景都会变为透明，然后去掉边框，即可制作出不规则窗体

窗体的几个类型：

1、记事本（可随意调整大小和位置）

2、计算器（不可调整大小 并且最大化按钮不可用）

3、美观的窗体（类似QQ、杀毒软件等成品软件界面）

4、不规则窗体

六个最常用的控件：

1、Label 专门用来在窗体上写文本使用 文本写在Text属性里 AutoSize（根据文本内容自动调整大小）

2、ComboBox 下拉框 可在此控件右上方小箭头点击选择编辑项 在里面添加内容

3、RadioButton 单选框 只能选择其中一个 果想将某个单选框内容设置为默认选择 将其Checked属性设置为True即可

4、CheckBox 复选框 可以多选

5、TextBox 文本框 默认一行 点击右上角三角 勾选上MultiLine 即可自己控制文本框大小

6、Button 按钮  name设置按钮名 Text设置按钮显示的文字 双击进入设置按钮的事件（默认为点击事件）

练习：制作肯德基点餐系统

namespace WindowsFormsApplication2
{
    partial class Form1
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 必需的设计器变量。
        /// </summary>
        private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="disposing">如果应释放托管资源，为 true；否则为 false。</param>
        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing && (components != null))
            {
                components.Dispose();
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }

        #region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码

        /// <summary>
        /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要
        /// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            System.ComponentModel.ComponentResourceManager resources = new System.ComponentModel.ComponentResourceManager(typeof(Form1));
            this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.comboBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
            this.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.radioButton1 = new System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton();
            this.radioButton2 = new System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton();
            this.radioButton3 = new System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton();
            this.label4 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.checkBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox();
            this.checkBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox();
            this.checkBox3 = new System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox();
            this.label5 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
            this.label6 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.textBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
            this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
            this.SuspendLayout();
            // 
            // label1
            // 
            this.label1.AutoSize = true;
            this.label1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            this.label1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("微软雅黑", 20F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold);
            this.label1.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Yellow;
            this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(92, 9);
            this.label1.Name = "label1";
            this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(204, 36);
            this.label1.TabIndex = 0;
            this.label1.Text = "肯德基点餐系统";
            this.label1.TextAlign = System.Drawing.ContentAlignment.TopCenter;
            // 
            // label2
            // 
            this.label2.AutoSize = true;
            this.label2.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            this.label2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("宋体", 10F);
            this.label2.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(40, 74);
            this.label2.Name = "label2";
            this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(91, 14);
            this.label2.TabIndex = 1;
            this.label2.Text = "请选择主食：";
            // 
            // comboBox1
            // 
            this.comboBox1.FormattingEnabled = true;
            this.comboBox1.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
            "田园鸡腿堡",
            "香辣鸡腿堡",
            "老北京鸡肉卷",
            "墨西哥鸡肉卷"});
            this.comboBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(137, 72);
            this.comboBox1.Name = "comboBox1";
            this.comboBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(179, 20);
            this.comboBox1.TabIndex = 2;
            // 
            // label3
            // 
            this.label3.AutoSize = true;
            this.label3.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            this.label3.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("宋体", 10F);
            this.label3.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            this.label3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(40, 128);
            this.label3.Name = "label3";
            this.label3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(91, 14);
            this.label3.TabIndex = 1;
            this.label3.Text = "请选择配餐：";
            // 
            // radioButton1
            // 
            this.radioButton1.AutoSize = true;
            this.radioButton1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            this.radioButton1.Checked = true;
            this.radioButton1.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            this.radioButton1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(137, 127);
            this.radioButton1.Name = "radioButton1";
            this.radioButton1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(47, 16);
            this.radioButton1.TabIndex = 3;
            this.radioButton1.TabStop = true;
            this.radioButton1.Text = "薯条";
            this.radioButton1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = false;
            // 
            // radioButton2
            // 
            this.radioButton2.AutoSize = true;
            this.radioButton2.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            this.radioButton2.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            this.radioButton2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(190, 127);
            this.radioButton2.Name = "radioButton2";
            this.radioButton2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(59, 16);
            this.radioButton2.TabIndex = 3;
            this.radioButton2.Text = "土豆泥";
            this.radioButton2.UseVisualStyleBackColor = false;
            // 
            // radioButton3
            // 
            this.radioButton3.AutoSize = true;
            this.radioButton3.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            this.radioButton3.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            this.radioButton3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(255, 127);
            this.radioButton3.Name = "radioButton3";
            this.radioButton3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(59, 16);
            this.radioButton3.TabIndex = 3;
            this.radioButton3.Text = "鸡米花";
            this.radioButton3.UseVisualStyleBackColor = false;
            // 
            // label4
            // 
            this.label4.AutoSize = true;
            this.label4.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            this.label4.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("宋体", 10F);
            this.label4.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            this.label4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(40, 180);
            this.label4.Name = "label4";
            this.label4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(91, 14);
            this.label4.TabIndex = 1;
            this.label4.Text = "请选择饮品：";
            // 
            // checkBox1
            // 
            this.checkBox1.AutoSize = true;
            this.checkBox1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            this.checkBox1.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            this.checkBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(137, 180);
            this.checkBox1.Name = "checkBox1";
            this.checkBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(48, 16);
            this.checkBox1.TabIndex = 4;
            this.checkBox1.Text = "可乐";
            this.checkBox1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = false;
            // 
            // checkBox2
            // 
            this.checkBox2.AutoSize = true;
            this.checkBox2.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            this.checkBox2.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            this.checkBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(190, 180);
            this.checkBox2.Name = "checkBox2";
            this.checkBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(60, 16);
            this.checkBox2.TabIndex = 4;
            this.checkBox2.Text = "热牛奶";
            this.checkBox2.UseVisualStyleBackColor = false;
            this.checkBox2.CheckedChanged += new System.EventHandler(this.checkBox2_CheckedChanged);
            // 
            // checkBox3
            // 
            this.checkBox3.AutoSize = true;
            this.checkBox3.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            this.checkBox3.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            this.checkBox3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(255, 180);
            this.checkBox3.Name = "checkBox3";
            this.checkBox3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(48, 16);
            this.checkBox3.TabIndex = 4;
            this.checkBox3.Text = "咖啡";
            this.checkBox3.UseVisualStyleBackColor = false;
            // 
            // label5
            // 
            this.label5.AutoSize = true;
            this.label5.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            this.label5.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("宋体", 10F);
            this.label5.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            this.label5.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(40, 233);
            this.label5.Name = "label5";
            this.label5.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(91, 14);
            this.label5.TabIndex = 1;
            this.label5.Text = "请输入地址：";
            this.label5.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.label5_Click);
            // 
            // textBox1
            // 
            this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(137, 231);
            this.textBox1.Multiline = true;
            this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";
            this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(179, 71);
            this.textBox1.TabIndex = 5;
            // 
            // label6
            // 
            this.label6.AutoSize = true;
            this.label6.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            this.label6.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("宋体", 10F);
            this.label6.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            this.label6.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(40, 329);
            this.label6.Name = "label6";
            this.label6.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(91, 14);
            this.label6.TabIndex = 1;
            this.label6.Text = "请输入电话：";
            // 
            // textBox2
            // 
            this.textBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(137, 327);
            this.textBox2.Name = "textBox2";
            this.textBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(179, 21);
            this.textBox2.TabIndex = 6;
            // 
            // button1
            // 
            this.button1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Gainsboro;
            this.button1.Cursor = System.Windows.Forms.Cursors.Hand;
            this.button1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("微软雅黑", 15F);
            this.button1.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red;
            this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(126, 370);
            this.button1.Name = "button1";
            this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(136, 41);
            this.button1.TabIndex = 7;
            this.button1.Text = "提交";
            this.button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = false;
            this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
            // 
            // Form1
            // 
            this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F);
            this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
            this.BackgroundImage = global::WindowsFormsApplication2.Properties.Resources._1;
            this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(390, 436);
            this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
            this.Controls.Add(this.textBox2);
            this.Controls.Add(this.textBox1);
            this.Controls.Add(this.checkBox3);
            this.Controls.Add(this.checkBox2);
            this.Controls.Add(this.checkBox1);
            this.Controls.Add(this.radioButton3);
            this.Controls.Add(this.radioButton2);
            this.Controls.Add(this.radioButton1);
            this.Controls.Add(this.comboBox1);
            this.Controls.Add(this.label6);
            this.Controls.Add(this.label5);
            this.Controls.Add(this.label4);
            this.Controls.Add(this.label3);
            this.Controls.Add(this.label2);
            this.Controls.Add(this.label1);
            this.FormBorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.FixedSingle;
            this.Icon = ((System.Drawing.Icon)(resources.GetObject("$this.Icon")));
            this.MaximizeBox = false;
            this.Name = "Form1";
            this.StartPosition = System.Windows.Forms.FormStartPosition.CenterScreen;
            this.Text = "肯德基点餐系统";
            this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);
            this.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.PerformLayout();

        }

        #endregion

        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label3;
        private System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton radioButton1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton radioButton2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton radioButton3;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label4;
        private System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox checkBox1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox checkBox2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox checkBox3;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label5;
        private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label6;
        private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WindowsFormsApplication2
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            comboBox1.SelectedIndex = 0;//设置下拉框的默认值为第一行数据而不是为空
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //主食
            string zs = comboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString();
            //配餐
            string pc = "";
            if (radioButton1.Checked)//判断是否选中
                pc = radioButton1.Text;
            else if(radioButton2.Checked)
                pc = radioButton2.Text;
            else
                pc = radioButton3.Text;
            //饮品
            string yp = "";
            if (checkBox1.Checked)//判断饮品1是否选中
                yp += checkBox1.Text;
            if (checkBox2.Checked)
            {
                if (yp != "")//如果前面已经有选择过的饮品就加逗号
                {
                    yp += "，";
                }
                    yp += checkBox2.Text;
            }
            if (checkBox3.Checked)
            {
                if (yp != "")
                {
                    yp += "，";
                }
                    yp += checkBox3.Text;
            }
            //地址
            string dz = textBox1.Text;
            //电话
            string tel = textBox2.Text;
            MessageBox.Show("您选的的主食是："+zs+"
您选择的配餐是："+pc+"
您选择的饮品是："+yp+"
配送地址："+dz+"
联系电话："+tel);

        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        private void checkBox2_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        private void label5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }
    }
}