读写锁实现线程安全缓存

读写锁：

ReaderWriterLockSlim

可以多线程读，但只有一个线程写入；并且写入的时候不能读取，读取的时候不能写入。具体代码如下

测试代码：

    public class TestReadAndWriteLock
    {
        SynchronizedCache cache = new SynchronizedCache();

        //Dictionary<int, string> cache = new Dictionary<int, string>();
        public void Run()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
            {
                TaskAdd(i);
            }


            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
            {
                TaskRead(i);
            }

            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        public void TaskAdd(int i)
        {
            Task.Factory.StartNew(() => {
                cache.Add(i, i.ToString());
            });
        }

        public void TaskRead(int i)
        {
            Task.Factory.StartNew(() => {
                string value = cache.Read(i);
                //string value = cache[i];
                Console.WriteLine(value);
            });
        }
    }

缓存代码：

public class SynchronizedCache
    {
        private ReaderWriterLockSlim cacheLock = new ReaderWriterLockSlim();
        private Dictionary<int, string> innerCache = new Dictionary<int, string>();

        public int Count
        { get { return innerCache.Count; } }

        public string Read(int key)
        {
            cacheLock.EnterReadLock();
            try
            {
                return innerCache[key];
            }
            finally
            {
                cacheLock.ExitReadLock();
            }
        }

        public void Add(int key, string value)
        {
            cacheLock.EnterWriteLock();
            try
            {
                innerCache.Add(key, value);
            }
            finally
            {
                cacheLock.ExitWriteLock();
            }
        }

        public bool AddWithTimeout(int key, string value, int timeout)
        {
            if (cacheLock.TryEnterWriteLock(timeout))
            {
                try
                {
                    innerCache.Add(key, value);
                }
                finally
                {
                    cacheLock.ExitWriteLock();
                }
                return true;
            }
            else
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        public AddOrUpdateStatus AddOrUpdate(int key, string value)
        {
            cacheLock.EnterUpgradeableReadLock();
            try
            {
                string result = null;
                if (innerCache.TryGetValue(key, out result))
                {
                    if (result == value)
                    {
                        return AddOrUpdateStatus.Unchanged;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        cacheLock.EnterWriteLock();
                        try
                        {
                            innerCache[key] = value;
                        }
                        finally
                        {
                            cacheLock.ExitWriteLock();
                        }
                        return AddOrUpdateStatus.Updated;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    cacheLock.EnterWriteLock();
                    try
                    {
                        innerCache.Add(key, value);
                    }
                    finally
                    {
                        cacheLock.ExitWriteLock();
                    }
                    return AddOrUpdateStatus.Added;
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                cacheLock.ExitUpgradeableReadLock();
            }
        }

        public void Delete(int key)
        {
            cacheLock.EnterWriteLock();
            try
            {
                innerCache.Remove(key);
            }
            finally
            {
                cacheLock.ExitWriteLock();
            }
        }

        public enum AddOrUpdateStatus
        {
            Added,
            Updated,
            Unchanged
        };

        ~SynchronizedCache()
        {
            if (cacheLock != null) cacheLock.Dispose();
        }
    }