Spring-事务(1)

一，注解的方式实现事务

1.Dao层

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

public interface BookShopDao {

    //根据书号获取书的单价
    public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn);
    
    //更新数的库存. 使书号对应的库存 - 1
    public void updateBookStock(String isbn);
    
    //更新用户的账户余额: 使 username 的 balance - price
    public void updateUserAccount(String username, int price);
}

 实现层：

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository("bookShopDao")
public class BookShopDaoImpl implements BookShopDao {

    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    
    @Override
    public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn) {
        String sql = "SELECT price FROM book WHERE isbn = ?";
        return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Integer.class, isbn);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateBookStock(String isbn) {
        //检查书的库存是否足够, 若不够, 则抛出异常
        String sql2 = "SELECT stock FROM book_stock WHERE isbn = ?";
        int stock = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql2, Integer.class, isbn);
        if(stock == 0){
            throw new BookStockException("库存不足!");
        }
        
        String sql = "UPDATE book_stock SET stock = stock -1 WHERE isbn = ?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, isbn);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateUserAccount(String username, int price) {
        //验证余额是否足够, 若不足, 则抛出异常
        String sql2 = "SELECT balance FROM account WHERE username = ?";
        int balance = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql2, Integer.class, username);
        if(balance < price){
            throw new UserAccountException("余额不足!");
        }
        
        String sql = "UPDATE account SET balance = balance - ? WHERE username = ?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, price, username);
    }

}

2.service层

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

public interface BookShopService {
    
    public void purchase(String username, String isbn);
    
}

实现层：

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Service("bookShopService")
public class BookShopServiceImpl implements BookShopService {

    @Autowired
    private BookShopDao bookShopDao;
    
    //添加事务注解
    //1.使用 propagation 指定事务的传播行为, 即当前的事务方法被另外一个事务方法调用时
    //如何使用事务, 默认取值为 REQUIRED, 即使用调用方法的事务
    //REQUIRES_NEW: 调用自己的事务, 调用的事务方法的事务被挂起. 
    //2.使用 isolation 指定事务的隔离级别, 最常用的取值为 READ_COMMITTED 读已提交
    //3.默认情况下 Spring 的声明式事务对所有的运行时异常进行回滚. 也可以通过对应的
    //属性进行设置. 通常情况下去默认值即可. 
    //4.使用 readOnly 指定事务是否为只读. 表示这个事务只读取数据但不更新数据, 
    //这样可以帮助数据库引擎优化事务. 若真的事一个只读取数据库值的方法, 应设置 readOnly=true
    //5.使用 timeout 指定强制回滚之前事务可以占用的时间.  
//    @Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW,
//            isolation=Isolation.READ_COMMITTED,
//            noRollbackFor={UserAccountException.class})
    @Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW,
            isolation=Isolation.READ_COMMITTED,
            readOnly=false,
            timeout=3)
    @Override
    public void purchase(String username, String isbn) {
        
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {}
        
        //1. 获取书的单价
        int price = bookShopDao.findBookPriceByIsbn(isbn);
        
        //2. 更新数的库存
        bookShopDao.updateBookStock(isbn);
        
        //3. 更新用户余额
        bookShopDao.updateUserAccount(username, price);
    }

}

3.调用：

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

import java.util.List;

public interface Cashier {

    public void checkout(String username, List<String> isbns);
    
}

实现：

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Service("cashier")
public class CashierImpl implements Cashier {

    @Autowired
    private BookShopService bookShopService;
    
    @Transactional
    @Override
    public void checkout(String username, List<String> isbns) {
        for(String isbn: isbns){
            bookShopService.purchase(username, isbn);
        }
    }

}

4.异常定义：

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

public class BookStockException extends RuntimeException{

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public BookStockException() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause,
            boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
        super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BookStockException(String message) {
        super(message);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BookStockException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    
}

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

public class UserAccountException extends RuntimeException{

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public UserAccountException() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public UserAccountException(String message, Throwable cause,
            boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
        super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public UserAccountException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public UserAccountException(String message) {
        super(message);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public UserAccountException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    
    
}

5.测试类：

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class SpringTransactionTest {

    private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
    private BookShopDao bookShopDao = null;
    private BookShopService bookShopService = null;
    private Cashier cashier = null;
    
    {
        ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        bookShopDao = ctx.getBean(BookShopDao.class);
        bookShopService = ctx.getBean(BookShopService.class);
        cashier = ctx.getBean(Cashier.class);
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testTransactionlPropagation(){
        cashier.checkout("AA", Arrays.asList("1001", "1002"));
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testBookShopService(){
        bookShopService.purchase("AA", "1001");
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testBookShopDaoUpdateUserAccount(){
        bookShopDao.updateUserAccount("AA", 200);
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testBookShopDaoUpdateBookStock(){
        bookShopDao.updateBookStock("1001");
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testBookShopDaoFindPriceByIsbn() {
        System.out.println(bookShopDao.findBookPriceByIsbn("1001"));
    }

}

6.配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.spring"></context:component-scan>
    
    <!-- 导入资源文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
    
    <!-- 配置 C3P0 数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource"
        class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>

        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置 Spirng 的 JdbcTemplate -->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" 
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置 NamedParameterJdbcTemplate, 该对象可以使用具名参数, 其没有无参数的构造器, 所以必须为其构造器指定参数 -->
    <bean id="namedParameterJdbcTemplate"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate">
        <constructor-arg ref="dataSource"></constructor-arg>    
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" 
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 启用事务注解 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
    
</beans>

7.db.properties

jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=1230
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///spring

jdbc.initPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10

二：注解方式实现事务

1.目录结构图

 2.Dao层

package com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml;

public interface BookShopDao {

    //根据书号获取书的单价
    public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn);
    
    //更新数的库存. 使书号对应的库存 - 1
    public void updateBookStock(String isbn);
    
    //更新用户的账户余额: 使 username 的 balance - price
    public void updateUserAccount(String username, int price);
}

实现层：

package com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

public class BookShopDaoImpl implements BookShopDao {

    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    
    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }
    
    @Override
    public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn) {
        String sql = "SELECT price FROM book WHERE isbn = ?";
        return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Integer.class, isbn);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateBookStock(String isbn) {
        //检查书的库存是否足够, 若不够, 则抛出异常
        String sql2 = "SELECT stock FROM book_stock WHERE isbn = ?";
        int stock = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql2, Integer.class, isbn);
        if(stock == 0){
            throw new BookStockException("库存不足!");
        }
        
        String sql = "UPDATE book_stock SET stock = stock -1 WHERE isbn = ?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, isbn);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateUserAccount(String username, int price) {
        //验证余额是否足够, 若不足, 则抛出异常
        String sql2 = "SELECT balance FROM account WHERE username = ?";
        int balance = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql2, Integer.class, username);
        if(balance < price){
            throw new UserAccountException("余额不足!");
        }
        
        String sql = "UPDATE account SET balance = balance - ? WHERE username = ?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, price, username);
    }

}

3.service层

package com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service;

public interface BookShopService {
    
    public void purchase(String username, String isbn);
    
}

package com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service;

import java.util.List;

public interface Cashier {

    public void checkout(String username, List<String> isbns);
    
}

 4.service.impl

package com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.impl;

import com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.BookShopDao;
import com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.BookShopService;


public class BookShopServiceImpl implements BookShopService {

    private BookShopDao bookShopDao;
    
    public void setBookShopDao(BookShopDao bookShopDao) {
        this.bookShopDao = bookShopDao;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void purchase(String username, String isbn) {
        
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {}
        
        //1. 获取书的单价
        int price = bookShopDao.findBookPriceByIsbn(isbn);
        
        //2. 更新数的库存
        bookShopDao.updateBookStock(isbn);
        
        //3. 更新用户余额
        bookShopDao.updateUserAccount(username, price);
    }

}

package com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.impl;

import java.util.List;

import com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.BookShopService;
import com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.Cashier;

public class CashierImpl implements Cashier {

    private BookShopService bookShopService;
    
    public void setBookShopService(BookShopService bookShopService) {
        this.bookShopService = bookShopService;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void checkout(String username, List<String> isbns) {
        for(String isbn: isbns){
            bookShopService.purchase(username, isbn);
        }
    }

}

 5.异常

package com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml;

public class BookStockException extends RuntimeException{

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public BookStockException() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause,
            boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
        super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BookStockException(String message) {
        super(message);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BookStockException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    
}

package com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml;

public class UserAccountException extends RuntimeException{

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public UserAccountException() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public UserAccountException(String message, Throwable cause,
            boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
        super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public UserAccountException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public UserAccountException(String message) {
        super(message);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public UserAccountException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    
    
}

6.测试

package com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.BookShopService;
import com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.Cashier;

public class SpringTransactionTest {

    private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
    private BookShopDao bookShopDao = null;
    private BookShopService bookShopService = null;
    private Cashier cashier = null;
    
    {
        ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-tx-xml.xml");
        bookShopDao = ctx.getBean(BookShopDao.class);
        bookShopService = ctx.getBean(BookShopService.class);
        cashier = ctx.getBean(Cashier.class);
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testTransactionlPropagation(){
        cashier.checkout("AA", Arrays.asList("1001", "1002"));
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testBookShopService(){
        bookShopService.purchase("AA", "1001");
    }
    
}

7.配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.spring"></context:component-scan>
    
    <!-- 导入资源文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
    
    <!-- 配置 C3P0 数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource"
        class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>

        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置 Spirng 的 JdbcTemplate -->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" 
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置 bean -->
    <bean id="bookShopDao" class="com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.BookShopDaoImpl">
        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="bookShopService" class="com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.impl.BookShopServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookShopDao" ref="bookShopDao"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="cashier" class="com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.impl.CashierImpl">
        <property name="bookShopService" ref="bookShopService"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 1. 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 2. 配置事务属性 -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <!-- 根据方法名指定事务的属性 -->
            <tx:method name="purchase" propagation="REQUIRES_NEW"/>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    
    <!-- 3. 配置事务切入点, 以及把事务切入点和事务属性关联起来 -->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.*.*(..))" 
            id="txPointCut"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>    
    </aop:config>
    
</beans>

db.properties

jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=1230
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///spring

jdbc.initPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10