使用Python管理压缩包

一、 使用tarfile库读取与创建tar包

1. 创建tar包

In [1]: import tarfile

In [2]: with tarfile.open('demo.tar',mode='w') as out:
   ...:     out.add('1.txt')
   ...:     out.add('2.txt')
   ...:     

2. 读取tar包

In [1]: import tarfile

In [2]: with tarfile.open('demo.tar') as t:
   ...:     for file in t.getmembers():
   ...:         print(file.name)
   ...:         
1.txt
2.txt

3. 创建压缩包

In [8]: with tarfile.open('demo.tar.gz',mode='w:gz') as out:
   ...:     out.add('1.txt')
   ...:     out.add('2.txt')

4. 读取压缩包

In [10]: with tarfile.open('demo.tar.gz',mode='r:gz') as out:
    ...:     for f in out.getmembers():
    ...:         print(f.name)
    ...:                 
1.txt
2.txt

5. 提取单个或者所有文件

In [14]: with tarfile.open('demo.tar.gz',mode='r:gz') as out:
    ...:     out.extract('1.txt')
    ...:                  

In [15]: with tarfile.open('demo.tar.gz',mode='r:gz') as out:
    ...:     out.extractall()
    ...:          

二、使用zipfile库创建和读取压缩包

1. 创建zip文件

In [19]: import zipfile

In [20]: newZip = zipfile.ZipFile('demo.zip','w')

In [21]: newZip.write('1.txt')

In [22]: newZip.write('2.txt')

In [23]: newZip.close()

2. 读取zip文件

In [24]: newZip = zipfile.ZipFile('demo.zip')

In [25]: newZip.namelist()
Out[25]: ['1.txt', '2.txt']

3. 解压zip文件

In [27]: newZip.extract('1.txt')
Out[27]: '/tmp/test/1.txt'

In [28]: newZip.extractall()

　　

三、 使用shutil管理压缩包

In [40]: import shutil

In [41]: shutil.make_archive('demo','zip')
Out[41]: 'demo.zip'

In [42]: shutil.make_archive('demo','gztar')
Out[42]: 'demo.tar.gz'

In [43]: shutil.unpack_archive('demo.tar.gz')

In [44]: shutil.unpack_archive('demo.zip')