s3c2440中U-boot移植时执行cp.b提示：Flash not Erased【转】

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在源码中搜索Flash not Erased，在common/flash.c中flash_perror()函数为错误打印函数

void flash_perror (int err)

{

         switch(err) {

         caseERR_OK:

                   break;

         caseERR_TIMOUT:

                   puts("Timeout writing to Flash ");

                   break;

         caseERR_NOT_ERASED:

                   puts("Flash not Erased ");

                   break;

         caseERR_PROTECTED:

                   puts("Can't write to protected Flash sectors ");

                   break;

         caseERR_INVAL:

                   puts("Outside available Flash ");

                   break;

         caseERR_ALIGN:

                   puts("Start and/or end address not on sector boundary ");

                   break;

         caseERR_UNKNOWN_FLASH_VENDOR:

                   puts("Unknown Vendor of Flash ");

                   break;

         caseERR_UNKNOWN_FLASH_TYPE:

                   puts("Unknown Type of Flash ");

                   break;

         caseERR_PROG_ERROR:

                   puts("General Flash Programming Error ");

                   break;

         default:

                   printf("%s[%d] FIXME: rc=%d ", __FILE__, __LINE__, err);

                   break;

         }

}

在common/cmd_mem.c文件中查找cp命令，锁定do_mem_cp函数

int do_mem_cp ( cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag,int argc, char * const argv[])

{

         ulong        addr, dest, count;

         int    size;

         if(argc != 4)

                   returnCMD_RET_USAGE;

         /*Check for size specification.

         */

         if((size = cmd_get_data_size(argv[0], 4)) < 0)

                   return1;

         addr= simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16);

         addr+= base_address;

         dest= simple_strtoul(argv[2], NULL, 16);

         dest+= base_address;

         count= simple_strtoul(argv[3], NULL, 16);

         if(count == 0) {

                   puts("Zero length ??? ");

                   return1;

         }

#ifndef CONFIG_SYS_NO_FLASH

         /*check if we are copying to Flash */

         if( (addr2info(dest) != NULL)

#ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH

            && (!addr_dataflash(dest))

#endif

            ) {

                   intrc;

                   puts("Copy to Flash... ");

                   rc = flash_write ((char *)addr,dest, count*size);

                   if (rc != 0) {

                            flash_perror(rc);

                            return(1);

                   }

                   puts("done ");

                   return 0;

         }

#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH

         /*Check if we are copying from RAM or Flash to DataFlash */

         if(addr_dataflash(dest) && !addr_dataflash(addr)){

                   intrc;

                   puts("Copy to DataFlash... ");

                   rc= write_dataflash (dest, addr, count*size);

                   if(rc != 1) {

                            dataflash_perror(rc);

                            return(1);

                   }

                   puts("done ");

                   return0;

         }

         /*Check if we are copying from DataFlash to RAM */

         if(addr_dataflash(addr) && !addr_dataflash(dest)

#ifndef CONFIG_SYS_NO_FLASH

                                      && (addr2info(dest) == NULL)

#endif

            ){

                   intrc;

                   rc= read_dataflash(addr, count * size, (char *) dest);

                   if(rc != 1) {

                            dataflash_perror(rc);

                            return(1);

                   }

                   return0;

         }

         if(addr_dataflash(addr) && addr_dataflash(dest)){

                   puts("Unsupported combination of source/destination. ");

                   return1;

         }

#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_BLACKFIN

         /*See if we're copying to/from L1 inst */

         if(addr_bfin_on_chip_mem(dest) || addr_bfin_on_chip_mem(addr)) {

                   memcpy((void*)dest, (void *)addr, count * size);

                   return0;

         }

#endif

         while(count-- > 0) {

                   if(size == 4)

                            *((ulong  *)dest) = *((ulong  *)addr);

                   elseif (size == 2)

                            *((ushort*)dest) = *((ushort *)addr);

                   else

                            *((u_char*)dest) = *((u_char *)addr);

                   addr+= size;

                   dest+= size;

                   /*reset watchdog from time to time */

                   if((count % (64 << 10)) == 0)

                            WATCHDOG_RESET();

         }

         return0;

}

从该函数

                   rc = flash_write ((char *)addr,dest, count*size);

                   if (rc != 0) {

                            flash_perror(rc);

                            return(1);

                   }

                   puts("done ");

                   return 0;

部分可以得知flash_write函数返回值不为0，继续查找flash_write()函数。

在common/flash.c中查找到了flash_write()函数

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------

 *Copy memory to flash.

 *Make sure all target addresses are within Flash bounds,

 *and no protected sectors are hit.

 *Returns:

 *ERR_OK          0 - OK

 *ERR_TIMOUT      1 - write timeout

 *ERR_NOT_ERASED  2 - Flash not erased

 *ERR_PROTECTED   4 - target range includesprotected sectors

 *ERR_INVAL       8 - target address not inFlash memory

 *ERR_ALIGN       16 - target address notaligned on boundary

 *                       (only some targetsrequire alignment)

 */

int

flash_write (char *src, ulong addr, ulongcnt)

{

#ifdef CONFIG_SPD823TS

         return(ERR_TIMOUT);    /* any other error codesare possible as well */

#else

         inti;

         ulong         end        = addr + cnt - 1;

         flash_info_t*info_first = addr2info (addr);

         flash_info_t*info_last  = addr2info (end );

         flash_info_t*info;

         if(cnt == 0) {

                   return(ERR_OK);

         }

         if(!info_first || !info_last) {

                   return(ERR_INVAL);

         }

         for(info = info_first; info <= info_last; ++info) {

                   ulongb_end = info->start[0] + info->size;        /*bank end addr */

                   shorts_end = info->sector_count - 1;

                   for(i=0; i<info->sector_count; ++i) {

                            ulonge_addr = (i == s_end) ? b_end : info->start[i + 1];

                            if((end >= info->start[i]) && (addr < e_addr) &&

                                (info->protect[i] != 0) ) {

                                     return(ERR_PROTECTED);

                            }

                   }

         }

         /*finally write data to flash */

         for (info = info_first; info<= info_last && cnt>0; ++info) {

                   ulong len;

                   len =info->start[0] + info->size - addr;

                   if (len >cnt)

                            len =cnt;

                   if ((i =write_buff(info, (uchar *)src, addr, len)) != 0) {

                            return(i);

                   }

                   cnt  -= len;

                   addr += len;

                   src  += len;

         }

         return(ERR_OK);

#endif /* CONFIG_SPD823TS */

}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------

 */

从return可知

for (info = info_first; info <= info_last && cnt>0;++info) {

                   ulong len;

                   len =info->start[0] + info->size - addr;

                   if (len >cnt)

                            len =cnt;

                   if ((i =write_buff(info, (uchar *)src, addr, len)) != 0) {

                            return(i);

                   }

write_buff()函数的返回值应该为2，继续看write_buff()

在driver/mtd/cfi_flash.c中找到了该函数。

      * 1 - write timeout

1277 * 2 - Flash not erased

1278 */

1279 int write_buff (flash_info_t * info,uchar * src, ulong addr, ulong cnt)

1280 {

1281        ulong wp;

1282        uchar *p;

1283        int aln;

1284        cfiword_t cword;

1285        int i, rc;

1286 #ifdefCONFIG_SYS_FLASH_USE_BUFFER_WRITE

1287        int buffered_size;

1288 #endif

1289 #ifdef CONFIG_FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS

1290        int digit = CONFIG_FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS;

1291        int scale = 0;

1292        int dots  = 0;

1293

1294        /*

1295          * Suppress if there are fewer thanCONFIG_FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS writ     es.

1296          */

1297        if (cnt >= CONFIG_FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS) {

1298                 scale = (int)((cnt +CONFIG_FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS - 1) /

1299                        CONFIG_FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS);

1300        }

1301 #endif

1302

1303         /* get lower aligned address */

1304        wp = (addr & ~(info->portwidth - 1));

1305

1306        /* handle unaligned start */

1307        if ((aln = addr - wp) != 0) {

1308                 cword.l = 0;

1309                 p = (uchar *)wp;

1310                 for (i = 0; i < aln; ++i)

1311                         flash_add_byte (info,&cword, flash_read8(p + i));

1312

1313                 for (; (i <info->portwidth) && (cnt > 0); i++) {

1314                         flash_add_byte (info,&cword, *src++);

1315                         cnt--;

1316                 }

1317                 for (; (cnt == 0) &&(i < info->portwidth); ++i)

1318                         flash_add_byte (info,&cword, flash_read8(p + i));

1319

1320                 rc = flash_write_cfiword(info, wp, cword);

1321                 printf("rc=%d cfi_flash.c(line:1321) ",rc);

1322                 if (rc != 0)

1323                         return rc;

1324

1325                 wp += i;

1326                 FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS(scale,dots, digit, i);

1327        }

1328

1329        /* handle the aligned part */

1330 #ifdefCONFIG_SYS_FLASH_USE_BUFFER_WRITE

1331        buffered_size = (info->portwidth / info->chipwidth);

1332        buffered_size *= info->buffer_size;

1333        while (cnt >= info->portwidth) {

1334                 /* prohibit buffer write whenbuffer_size is 1 */

1335                 if (info->buffer_size == 1){

1336                         cword.l = 0;

1337                         for (i = 0; i <info->portwidth; i++)

1338                                 flash_add_byte(info, &cword, *src++);

1339                         if ((rc =flash_write_cfiword (info, wp, cword)) !=     0)

1340                                 return rc;

1341                        wp +=info->portwidth;

1342                         cnt -=info->portwidth;

1343                         continue;

1344                 }

1345

1346                 /* write buffer until nextbuffered_size aligned boundary *     /

1347                 i = buffered_size - (wp %buffered_size);

1348                 if (i > cnt)

1349                         i = cnt;

1350                 if ((rc =flash_write_cfibuffer (info, wp, src, i)) != ERR_     OK)

1351                         return rc;

1352                 i -= i &(info->portwidth - 1);

1353                 wp += i;

1354                 src += i;

1355                 cnt -= i;

1356                 FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS(scale,dots, digit, i);

1357        }

1358 #else

1359        while (cnt >= info->portwidth) {

1360                 cword.l = 0;

1361                 for (i = 0; i <info->portwidth; i++) {

1362                         flash_add_byte (info,&cword, *src++);

1363                 }

1364                 if ((rc = flash_write_cfiword(info, wp, cword)) != 0)

1365                 {

1366                         printf("rc=%d  cfi_flash.c(line:1366) ",rc);

1367                         return rc;

1368                 }

1369                 wp += info->portwidth;

1370                 cnt -= info->portwidth;

1371                 FLASH_SHOW_PROGRESS(scale,dots, digit, info->portwidth);

1372        }

1373 #endif /*CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_USE_BUFFER_WRITE */

1374

1375        if (cnt == 0) {

1376                 return (0);

1377        }

1378

1379        /*

1380          * handle unaligned tail bytes

1381          */

1382        cword.l = 0;

1383        p = (uchar *)wp;

1384        for (i = 0; (i < info->portwidth) && (cnt > 0); ++i) {

1385                 flash_add_byte (info, &cword,*src++);

1386                 --cnt;

1387        }

1388        for (; i < info->portwidth; ++i)

1389                 flash_add_byte (info,&cword, flash_read8(p + i));

1390

1391        rc= flash_write_cfiword (info, wp, cword);

1392        printf("rc=%d cfi_flash.c(line:1392) ",rc);

1393        return rc;

1394 }

    暂时不能找到rc=2，是在那一部分产生的，通过插入printf（）函数查找。可以确定为1366行产生的。

1364                 if ((rc = flash_write_cfiword(info, wp, cword)) != 0)

1365                 {

1366                         printf("rc=%d cfi_flash.c(line:1366) ",rc);

1367                         return rc;

1368                 }

继续查看flash_write_cfiword（）函数，driver/mtd/cfi_flash.c内779行，

static int flash_write_cfiword(flash_info_t * info, ulong dest,

                                     cfiword_tcword)

{

         void*dstaddr = (void *)dest;

         intflag;

         flash_sect_tsect = 0;

         charsect_found = 0;

         /* Check if Flash is(sufficiently) erased */

         switch(info->portwidth) {

         case FLASH_CFI_8BIT:

                   flag =((flash_read8(dstaddr) & cword.c) == cword.c);

                   break;

         case FLASH_CFI_16BIT:

                   flag =((flash_read16(dstaddr) & cword.w) == cword.w);

                   break;

         case FLASH_CFI_32BIT:

                   flag =((flash_read32(dstaddr) & cword.l) == cword.l);

                   break;

         case FLASH_CFI_64BIT:

                   flag =((flash_read64(dstaddr) & cword.ll) == cword.ll);

                   break;

         default:

                   flag = 0;

                   break;

         }

         if (!flag)

                   returnERR_NOT_ERASED;

         /*Disable interrupts which might cause a timeout here */

         flag= disable_interrupts ();

         switch(info->vendor) {

         caseCFI_CMDSET_INTEL_PROG_REGIONS:

         caseCFI_CMDSET_INTEL_EXTENDED:

         caseCFI_CMDSET_INTEL_STANDARD:

                   flash_write_cmd(info, 0, 0, FLASH_CMD_CLEAR_STATUS);

                   flash_write_cmd(info, 0, 0, FLASH_CMD_WRITE);

                   break;

         caseCFI_CMDSET_AMD_EXTENDED:

         caseCFI_CMDSET_AMD_STANDARD:

                   sect= find_sector(info, dest);

                   flash_unlock_seq(info, sect);

                   flash_write_cmd(info, sect, info->addr_unlock1, AMD_CMD_WRITE);

                   sect_found= 1;

                   break;

#ifdef CONFIG_FLASH_CFI_LEGACY

         caseCFI_CMDSET_AMD_LEGACY:

                   sect= find_sector(info, dest);

                   flash_unlock_seq(info, 0);

                   flash_write_cmd(info, 0, info->addr_unlock1, AMD_CMD_WRITE);

                   sect_found= 1;

                   break;

#endif

         }

         switch(info->portwidth) {

         caseFLASH_CFI_8BIT:

                   flash_write8(cword.c,dstaddr);

                   break;

         caseFLASH_CFI_16BIT:

                   flash_write16(cword.w,dstaddr);

                   break;

         caseFLASH_CFI_32BIT:

                   flash_write32(cword.l,dstaddr);

                   break;

         caseFLASH_CFI_64BIT:

                   flash_write64(cword.ll,dstaddr);

                   break;

         }

         /*re-enable interrupts if necessary */

         if(flag)

                   enable_interrupts();

         if(!sect_found)

                   sect= find_sector (info, dest);

         if(use_flash_status_poll(info))

                   returnflash_status_poll(info, &cword, dstaddr,

                                                info->write_tout, "write");

         else

                   returnflash_full_status_check(info, sect,

                                                      info->write_tout, "write");

}

重点注意

         /* Check if Flash is(sufficiently) erased */

         switch(info->portwidth) {

         case FLASH_CFI_8BIT:

                   flag =((flash_read8(dstaddr) & cword.c) == cword.c);

                   break;

         case FLASH_CFI_16BIT:

                   flag =((flash_read16(dstaddr) & cword.w) == cword.w);

                   break;

         case FLASH_CFI_32BIT:

                   flag =((flash_read32(dstaddr) & cword.l) == cword.l);

                   break;

         case FLASH_CFI_64BIT:

                   flag =((flash_read64(dstaddr) & cword.ll) == cword.ll);

                   break;

         default:

                   flag = 0;

                   break;

         }

         if (!flag)

                   returnERR_NOT_ERASED;

这部分可以判断flag=0，info->portwidth的设置有问题，添加printf函数：

/* Check if Flash is (sufficiently) erased*/

                  printf("info->portwidth =%d cfi_flash.c(line:787) ",info->portwidth);

switch (info->portwidth) {

         caseFLASH_CFI_8BIT:

                   flag= ((flash_read8(dstaddr) & cword.c) == cword.c);

                   break;

         caseFLASH_CFI_16BIT:

                   flag= ((flash_read16(dstaddr) & cword.w) == cword.w);

                   break;

         caseFLASH_CFI_32BIT:

                   flag= ((flash_read32(dstaddr) & cword.l) == cword.l);

                   break;

         caseFLASH_CFI_64BIT:

                   flag= ((flash_read64(dstaddr) & cword.ll) == cword.ll);

                   break;

         default:

                   flag= 0;

                   break;

         }

         if(!flag)

                   returnERR_NOT_ERASED;

编译运行结果:

说明info->portwidth=2,与include/flash.h文件中设置一致

case FLASH_CFI_16BIT:

                   flag= ((flash_read16(dstaddr) & cword.w) == cword.w);

                   break;

说明flash_read16函数的返回值为2，继续查找，发现flash_read16分别在两个函数中定义：board/micronas/vct/ebi_nor_flash.c和board/freescale/p1022ds/diu.c两个文件。

查看两个文件夹发现没有.o文件生成，说明这个程序编译过程没有执行flash_read16函数，

查看board/micronas/vct/Makefile文件：

需要打开CONFIG_VCT_NOR的宏定义，于是在smdk2440.h中添加：

#define ONFIG_VCT_NOR

编译下载后，cp.b能正常执行。

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